Gong Mobilization With and Without Thoracic Manipulation in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis

February 23, 2026 updated by: Riphah International University

Effects of Gong Mobilization With and Without Thoracic Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Disability in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis

The study was conducted to determine effects of gong mobilization with and without thoracic manipulation on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
36

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Kasur, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 55030
        • Hassan Medical Clinic

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 40 and 60 years
  • Both male and female
  • Clinically diagnosed with stage 2 frozen shoulder
  • Hypomobility of the thoracic spine
  • Unilateral or bilateral frozen shoulder with pain lasting for more than 3 month
  • Shoulder ROM limited with a flexion <165°, abduction <150°, or external rotation <45°, restricted capsular pattern .
  • Positive shoulder shrug sign

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Shoulder Arthritis
  • Thoracic outlet syndrome
  • Metabolic bone disease in the shoulder
  • Neoplastic bone disease in the shoulder
  • Osteoporosis and Osteomyelitis
  • Arm fracture, torn ligament around the shoulder joint, and shoulder surgery
  • Rheumatoid arthritis

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Gong Mobilization and thoracic manipulation
Other: Gong mobilization
Gong mobilization was applied on affected shoulder joint in which distraction is applied followed by corrective AP force. Patient performs abduction and then prolong stretching of 7 seconds. It takes 2 to 3 minutes and is applied for three sessions per week for 4 weeks.
Other: Thoracic manipulation
Thoracic manipulation was applied in prone position. Low amplitude high velocity thrust was applied at the end of available range at T4 and T5 after complete exhalation by the patient. intervention is applied for 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
Other: Conventional therapy
Conventional therapy includes heat therapy for 8 minutes, TENS for 20 mins. Stretches of posterior capsule, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor along with Codman exercises.
Active Comparator: Gong Mobilization
Other: Gong mobilization
Gong mobilization was applied on affected shoulder joint in which distraction is applied followed by corrective AP force. Patient performs abduction and then prolong stretching of 7 seconds. It takes 2 to 3 minutes and is applied for three sessions per week for 4 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is a unidimensional, patient-reported outcome measure used to assess the intensity of pain. Patients were asked for their pain intensity and then mark the number on the line according to their pain perception. The categorical variables of the NPRS are, none for 0, mild for value 1-5, moderate for 6-7 and severe for 8-10.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
SPADI-U
Time Frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
SPADI-U is a self-reported shoulder-specific outcome questionnaire by the evaluation of subjective clinical outcome measures. SPADI-U is an Urdu translated version of SPADI for cultural adaptation. It has a total of 13 items with 5 items related to pain and 8 items related to disability. The maximum score of SPADI-U is the same to that of SPADI i.e. 13. The scoring system includes the sum of all attempted questions divided by the maximum score and the multiply by 100 to find in percentage. Five items are designed to quantify pain, and eight items cover the disability measures of a patient with shoulder pathology.
from enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Shoulder flexion ROM
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder flexion ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder Abduction ROM
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder abduction ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder internal rotation ROM
Time Frame: from enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder Internal rotation ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
from enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder external rotation
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder external rotation ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer.
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Riphah International University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Humera Mubashar, Ms-OMPT, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • Sah MK, Nagaraj S, Pearlson K. Gong's mobilization versus cyriax manipulation on range of motion and function recovery in subject with frozen shoulder-a comparative study. International Journal of Development Research. 2017;7:13260-8.
  • Hua A. The Effects of Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation in Modulating Shoulder Pain and Dysfunction in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis: Azusa Pacific University; 2018.
  • GoPinath Y, SeenivaSan SK, Veeraraghavan SNC, Viswanathan R, Govindaraj MK. Effect of Gong's Mobilisation versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain and Functional Ability of Shoulder in Phase II Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2018;12(9).
  • BILAL U, KHALID M, ANWAR K, ARSHAD H, AHMED U. Additional effects of Thoracic manipulation on pain, shoulder disability and range of motion in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis.
  • Prasanth S, Sreedharan S, Subbarayalu A, Shahul P. Comparative effect of Gong's mobilization and Spencer technique to manage frozen shoulder. Physiotherapy Quarterly. 2022;31(3):57-64.
  • Challey T, Dutta A, Kalita A, Pyngrope HR. Effectiveness of Gong's Mobilization Over Myofascial Release Technique in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis..(2023). Int J Life Sci Pharma Res.13(3):L134-L44.
  • El Melhat AM, Abbas RL, Zebdawi MR, Ali Ismail AM. Effect of adding thoracic manipulation for the management of patients with adhesive capsulitis: a randomized clinical trial. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2024:1-14.
  • Babu SKR, Ramalingam V, Swetha K. Effect of Gong's Mobilization Versus Conventional Physiotherapy Among Type II Diabetic Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis. Cureus. 2024;16(6).
  • Akram¹ Z, Zaheer G, Hanif A, Deen⁴ N, Rahman A, Liaquat F. EFFECT OF GONGS MOBILIZATION WITH NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION VS CONSERVATIVE EXCERCISES AMONG ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS. 2025.
  • Nilkar N, Pathan UI. COMPARISON OF GONGS MOBILIZATION AND MAITLAND'S MOBILIZATION IN POST OPERATIVE SHOULDER STIFFNESS. Cuestiones de Fisioterapia. 2025;54(4):938-52.
  • Summaya Maham M, Rubab N, Nayab A, Rahat F, Maria U, Arooj, et al. Effects of Gong's Mobilization vs Reverse Distraction Technique in Diabetic Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Health, Wellness and Community Research. 2025;3(9):e614.
  • Jahangir S, Naz H, Abid F, Shahid H, Mehmood M, Tariq M, et al. Effects Of Thoracic Manipulation in Increasing Rom and Pain in Frozen Shoulder Randomized Control Study: Thoracic Manipulation in Increasing Rom and Pain in Frozen Shoulder. Pakistan BioMedical Journal. 2022;5(7):70-3.
  • Amjad F, Asghar H. Comparative effects of gong's mobilization and mobilization with movement in patients with adhesive capsulitis: a randomized clinical trial. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1):4272.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 2, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
September 28, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
September 28, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
February 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 23, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
February 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
February 27, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
February 23, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • REC/RCR & AHS/24/01109

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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