Gong Mobilization With and Without Thoracic Manipulation in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis

February 23, 2026 updated by: Riphah International University

Effects of Gong Mobilization With and Without Thoracic Manipulation on Pain, Range of Motion and Disability in Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis

The study was conducted to determine effects of gong mobilization with and without thoracic manipulation on pain, range of motion and disability in patients with adhesive capsulitis.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

36

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab Province
      • Kasur, Punjab Province, Pakistan, 55030
        • Hassan Medical Clinic

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 40 and 60 years
  • Both male and female
  • Clinically diagnosed with stage 2 frozen shoulder
  • Hypomobility of the thoracic spine
  • Unilateral or bilateral frozen shoulder with pain lasting for more than 3 month
  • Shoulder ROM limited with a flexion <165°, abduction <150°, or external rotation <45°, restricted capsular pattern .
  • Positive shoulder shrug sign

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Shoulder Arthritis
  • Thoracic outlet syndrome
  • Metabolic bone disease in the shoulder
  • Neoplastic bone disease in the shoulder
  • Osteoporosis and Osteomyelitis
  • Arm fracture, torn ligament around the shoulder joint, and shoulder surgery
  • Rheumatoid arthritis

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Gong Mobilization and thoracic manipulation
Other: Gong mobilization
Gong mobilization was applied on affected shoulder joint in which distraction is applied followed by corrective AP force. Patient performs abduction and then prolong stretching of 7 seconds. It takes 2 to 3 minutes and is applied for three sessions per week for 4 weeks.
Other: Thoracic manipulation
Thoracic manipulation was applied in prone position. Low amplitude high velocity thrust was applied at the end of available range at T4 and T5 after complete exhalation by the patient. intervention is applied for 3 times per week for 4 weeks.
Other: Conventional therapy
Conventional therapy includes heat therapy for 8 minutes, TENS for 20 mins. Stretches of posterior capsule, serratus anterior, pectoralis major and minor along with Codman exercises.
Active Comparator: Gong Mobilization
Other: Gong mobilization
Gong mobilization was applied on affected shoulder joint in which distraction is applied followed by corrective AP force. Patient performs abduction and then prolong stretching of 7 seconds. It takes 2 to 3 minutes and is applied for three sessions per week for 4 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Numeric Pain Rating Scale (NPRS)
Time Frame: From enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NPRS) is a unidimensional, patient-reported outcome measure used to assess the intensity of pain. Patients were asked for their pain intensity and then mark the number on the line according to their pain perception. The categorical variables of the NPRS are, none for 0, mild for value 1-5, moderate for 6-7 and severe for 8-10.
From enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
SPADI-U
Time Frame: from enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks
SPADI-U is a self-reported shoulder-specific outcome questionnaire by the evaluation of subjective clinical outcome measures. SPADI-U is an Urdu translated version of SPADI for cultural adaptation. It has a total of 13 items with 5 items related to pain and 8 items related to disability. The maximum score of SPADI-U is the same to that of SPADI i.e. 13. The scoring system includes the sum of all attempted questions divided by the maximum score and the multiply by 100 to find in percentage. Five items are designed to quantify pain, and eight items cover the disability measures of a patient with shoulder pathology.
from enrollment to the end of treatment at 4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Shoulder flexion ROM
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder flexion ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder Abduction ROM
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder abduction ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder internal rotation ROM
Time Frame: from enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder Internal rotation ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer
from enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Shoulder external rotation
Time Frame: From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks
Changes in shoulder external rotation ROM at baseline and 4 weeks was measured using Goniometer.
From enrollment till end of treatment at 4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Humera Mubashar, Ms-OMPT, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • Sah MK, Nagaraj S, Pearlson K. Gong's mobilization versus cyriax manipulation on range of motion and function recovery in subject with frozen shoulder-a comparative study. International Journal of Development Research. 2017;7:13260-8.
  • Hua A. The Effects of Thoracic Spine Thrust Manipulation in Modulating Shoulder Pain and Dysfunction in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis: Azusa Pacific University; 2018.
  • GoPinath Y, SeenivaSan SK, Veeraraghavan SNC, Viswanathan R, Govindaraj MK. Effect of Gong's Mobilisation versus Muscle Energy Technique on Pain and Functional Ability of Shoulder in Phase II Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Clinical & Diagnostic Research. 2018;12(9).
  • BILAL U, KHALID M, ANWAR K, ARSHAD H, AHMED U. Additional effects of Thoracic manipulation on pain, shoulder disability and range of motion in patients with Adhesive Capsulitis.
  • Prasanth S, Sreedharan S, Subbarayalu A, Shahul P. Comparative effect of Gong's mobilization and Spencer technique to manage frozen shoulder. Physiotherapy Quarterly. 2022;31(3):57-64.
  • Challey T, Dutta A, Kalita A, Pyngrope HR. Effectiveness of Gong's Mobilization Over Myofascial Release Technique in Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis..(2023). Int J Life Sci Pharma Res.13(3):L134-L44.
  • El Melhat AM, Abbas RL, Zebdawi MR, Ali Ismail AM. Effect of adding thoracic manipulation for the management of patients with adhesive capsulitis: a randomized clinical trial. Physiotherapy Theory and Practice. 2024:1-14.
  • Babu SKR, Ramalingam V, Swetha K. Effect of Gong's Mobilization Versus Conventional Physiotherapy Among Type II Diabetic Patients With Adhesive Capsulitis. Cureus. 2024;16(6).
  • Akram¹ Z, Zaheer G, Hanif A, Deen⁴ N, Rahman A, Liaquat F. EFFECT OF GONGS MOBILIZATION WITH NEUROMUSCULAR ELECTRICAL STIMULATION VS CONSERVATIVE EXCERCISES AMONG ADHESIVE CAPSULITIS. 2025.
  • Nilkar N, Pathan UI. COMPARISON OF GONGS MOBILIZATION AND MAITLAND'S MOBILIZATION IN POST OPERATIVE SHOULDER STIFFNESS. Cuestiones de Fisioterapia. 2025;54(4):938-52.
  • Summaya Maham M, Rubab N, Nayab A, Rahat F, Maria U, Arooj, et al. Effects of Gong's Mobilization vs Reverse Distraction Technique in Diabetic Patients with Adhesive Capsulitis. Journal of Health, Wellness and Community Research. 2025;3(9):e614.
  • Jahangir S, Naz H, Abid F, Shahid H, Mehmood M, Tariq M, et al. Effects Of Thoracic Manipulation in Increasing Rom and Pain in Frozen Shoulder Randomized Control Study: Thoracic Manipulation in Increasing Rom and Pain in Frozen Shoulder. Pakistan BioMedical Journal. 2022;5(7):70-3.
  • Amjad F, Asghar H. Comparative effects of gong's mobilization and mobilization with movement in patients with adhesive capsulitis: a randomized clinical trial. Scientific Reports. 2025;15(1):4272.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

January 2, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

September 28, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

September 28, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 23, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 23, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 23, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • REC/RCR & AHS/24/01109

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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