Effects of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain on Upper Extremity Motor Function, Trunk Control, Fear of Falling, Mobility and Indepence in Activities of Daily Living in Patients With Stroke

August 11, 2026 updated by: Lütfiye AKKURT, MSc, Kutahya Health Sciences University

Effects of Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain on Body Structure and Activity in Patients With Stroke

This study aimed to examine the effects of hemiplegic shoulder pain on upper extremity motor assessment, trunk control, fear of falling, mobility, and functional indepedence patients with stroke.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Detailed Description

The hemiplegic shoulder pain (HSP) in stroke patients is one of the most common complication in acute and subacute stage. Our study consisted of two groups: with and without hemiplegic shoulder pain. The investigators will investigate whether there are differences between the two groups in terms of upper extremity motor assessment, trunk control, fear of falling, mobility, and functional indepedence. Additionally, the investigators will investigate whether there is a correlation between USPRS and other scales (radiologic shoulder assessments and functional outcome measures) in patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
62

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Patients with stroke

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Having a diagnosis of stroke
  • Aged ≥ 18 years old
  • Mini Mental State Test score ≥ 24 points
  • Having a shoulder VAS score of 3 points or higher

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Having another neurological disease (except for stroke
  • Having communication deficits or neglect
  • Having a surgery upper or lower extremity in the last 6 months

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort

Group / Cohort

A group or subgroup of participants in an observational study that is assessed for biomedical or health outcomes.
With Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain in Stroke Patients
Without Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain in Stroke Patients

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity
Time Frame: Baseline
Fugl-Meyer Assessment scale is an index to assess the sensorimotor impairment in individuals who have had stroke. This scale was first proposed by Axel Fugl-Meyer and his colleagues 1975 as a standardized assessment test for post-stroke recovery in their paper titled "The post-stroke hemiplegic patient: A method for evaluation of physical performance". It is now widely used for clinical assessment of motor function. The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity motor assessments for the upper (maximum score 66 points) is recommended as core measures to be used in every stroke recovery and rehabilitation trial. Total score is between 0 and 66 points. Higher scores mean a better outcome.
Baseline
Brunnstrom Recovery Stages of Upper Extremity and Hand
Time Frame: Baseline
The Brunnstrom recovery stages are a staging system that shows the motor recovery in patients with stroke. The Brunnstrom Recovery Stages of Upper Extremity and Hand consist of six stages. Higher stages indicate better motor function.
Baseline
Trunk Impairment Scale
Time Frame: Baseline
The Trunk Impairment Scale is a validated clinical tool and measured motor impairment of the trunk after stroke, assessing static/dynamic sitting balance and coordination patient with stroke. Total score is between 0 and 23 points. Higher scores mean a better outcome
Baseline
Falls Efficacy Scale-International
Time Frame: Baseline
The Falls Efficacy Scale-International is a short, easy to administer tool that measures the level of concern about falling during 16 social and physical activities inside and outside the home whether or not the person actually does the activity. The level of concern is measured on a four-point Likert scale (1=not at all concerned to 4=very concerned). Total score is between 16 and 64 points. Lower scores mean a better outcome.
Baseline
Timed Up and Go Test
Time Frame: Baseline
The Timed and Up Go is a general physical performance test used to assess mobility, balance and locomotor performance in elderly people with balance disturbances. More specifically, it assesses the ability to perform sequential motor tasks relative to walking and turning. Patients wear their regular footwear and can use a walking aid, if needed. The patient starts in a seated position The patient stands up upon therapist's command: walks 3 meters, turns around, walks back to the chair and sits down. The time stops when the patient is seated. Be sure to document the assistive device used. The total time to perform this task was measured. The TUG score of 13.5 seconds or longer may indicate an increased risk of falls. A score below 13.5 seconds suggests better functional performance.
Baseline
Barthel Index
Time Frame: Baseline
The Barthel Index measures the extent to which somebody can function independently and has mobility in their activities of daily living i.e. feeding, bathing, grooming, dressing, bowel control, bladder control, toileting, chair transfer, ambulation and stair climbing. The index also indicates the need for assistance in care. The Barthel Index is a widely used measure of functional disability. The Barthel Index is a 10-item scale (0-100) assessing functional independence in activities of daily living particularly in rehabilitation settings. A higher score indicates greater independence, with 100 representing full independence and 0 representing total dependency. Higher scores mean a better functional dependence.
Baseline

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Ultrasound Shoulder Pathology Rating Scale
Time Frame: Baseline
The Ultrasound Shoulder Pathology Rating Scale is a scale based on 5 Ultrasound signs; 3 signs are static and 2 are dynamic. The static tests were greater tuberosity cortical surface irregularity, supraspinatus tendinopathy, and bicipital tendinopathy. The dynamic tests were supraspinatus impingement and subscapularis/biceps/coracoid impingement. A simple ordinal rating scale similar to that used for muscle strength testing was applied to each Ultrasound sign based on the amount of pathology present. The maximum possible score for a shoulder was 20, and the minimum was 0. Higher score indicates a more significant or severe pathology.
Baseline
Ultrasound Assessment of Acromiohumeral Distance
Time Frame: Baseline
The patient was sitting down and acromiohumeral joint was visualized while the patient's arm was at the side. Then, an image of the bird's beak was obtained by shifting the ultrasound (7 to 15 MHz, Mindray-UMT 200, NJ, United States) probe laterally in the transverse plane, and the linear distance between the humeral head and the acromion was measured.
Baseline
Shoulder Pain and Disability Index
Time Frame: Baseline
The Shoulder Pain and Disability Index is a self-administered questionnaire that consists of two dimensions, one for pain and the other for functional activities. The pain dimension consists of five questions regarding the severity of an individual's pain. Functional activities are assessed with eight questions designed to measure the degree of difficulty an individual has with various activities of daily living that require upper-extremity use. The test takes 5 to 10 minutes for a patient to complete and is the only reliable and valid region-specific measure for the shoulder. A score of 0 indicates best 100 indicates worst. A higher score shows more disability.
Baseline
Visual Analog Scale
Time Frame: Baseline
The visual analog scale is a validated, subjective measure for acute and chronic pain. Scores are recorded by making a handwritten mark on a 10-cm line that represents a continuum between "no pain" and "worst pain." Total score is between 0 and 10 points. Lower scores mean a better outcome
Baseline
Pressure Pain Threshold
Time Frame: Baseline
The Pressure Pain Threshold is a quantitative sensory test measuring the minimum amount of pressure that triggers a painful sensation, used to evaluate tenderness, deep muscular tissue sensitivity. A higher score on a Pressure Pain Threshold test means it takes more pressure to feel pain, indicating lower sensitivity or higher pain tolerance.
Baseline
Ultrasound Assessment of Supraspinatus Tendon Thickness
Time Frame: Baseline
For the Supraspinatus Tendon Thickness measure, the participants were seated in an upright position with their feet flat on the floor. Participants were asked to place their tested hand on the ipsilateral iliac crest with the elbow pointed posteriorly (the modified Crass position)
Baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Kutahya Health Sciences University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Ali Çağtay DAYI, MD, Kutahya Health Sciences University
  • Principal Investigator: Güllü AYDIN-YAĞCIOĞLU, Assoc.Prof., University of Health Sciences/ Gulhane Campus
  • Principal Investigator: Fatıma YAMAN, Assoc.Prof., Kutahya Health Sciences University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 20, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
October 25, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 15, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 13, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 26, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
April 30, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 13, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 11, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2026/03-32

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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