THE EFFECT OF SİMULATİON-BASED INTERPROFESSİONAL EDUCATİON ON ATTİTUDES TOWARD TEAMWORK

June 13, 2026 updated by: Fırat Seyhan, Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

THE EFFECT OF SİMULATİON-BASED INTERPROFESSİONAL EDUCATİON ON TEAMWORK ATTİTUDES AMONG NURSİNG AND PARAMEDİC STUDENTS

Our study aims to evaluate the effect of interprofessional simulation-based learning on teamwork attitudes among nursing and paramedic students during the patient handover process. The study sample consists of fourth-year (senior) students from the Gülhane Faculty of Nursing at the University of Health Sciences and second-year (senior) students from the Paramedic Program at the School of Health Professions. In this study, the intervention will be conducted in two phases: the preparation phase and the implementation phase.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
56

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Nursing Student:

  • Be a 4th-year (senior) student in a bachelor's degree program in nursing
  • Have completed an emergency department rotation as part of the Clinical Practice I course and have finished the emergency department internship
  • Having previously participated in a simulation-based practice

Paramedic Student:

  • Be a second-year (final-year) student in the paramedic associate degree program
  • Since the emergency department internship is completed in the first year, have completed the first-year summer internship of the Paramedic Program
  • Have taken the Professional Practice-I course
  • Having previously participated in a simulation-based practice

Exclusion Criteria:

Paramedic and nursing students:

  • Must be a graduate of a vocational high school for health professions,
  • Must have worked or currently be working in the field as a nurse or emergency medical technician
  • Having previously participated in an interprofessional simulation-based practice.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: N/A
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Simulation-Based Interprofessional Education Group
Nursing and paramedic students in this group will participate in a simulation-based interprofessional education program. A pre-test will be administered before the training and a post-test after the training to assess the impact on participants' attitudes toward teamwork.
Other: Simulation-Based Interprofessional Education Program
Participants will receive theoretical training on the ATMIST (Age, Time, Mechanism, Injuries, Signs, Treatment) patient handover method. During the simulation exercises, teams consisting of a paramedic and a nursing student will be expected to perform patient handover using the ATMIST method. A prebriefing will be conducted before the simulation, and a debriefing using the Gather-Analyze-Summarize (GAS) model will be conducted afterward. Simulation performances will be evaluated by researchers using checklists. A Sociodemographic Data Collection Form and a Teamwork Attitudes Scale will be administered as a pre-test. In the post-test, the Teamwork Attitudes Scale and the Simulation Design Scale will be administered.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire
Time Frame: Baseline (pre-test), immediately after the training session (post-test)
The Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (TAS) was developed based on the Teamwork Attitudes Questionnaire (TAQ), which was created as part of the TeamSTEPPS (Team Strategies and Tools to Enhance Performance and Patient Safety) program to assess healthcare professionals' attitudes toward teamwork. The validity and reliability study of the scale in Turkish was conducted by Yardımcı et al. The scale consists of five subscales: team structure, leadership, situational awareness, mutual support, and communication. Reliability analyses revealed that the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scale's subscales ranged from 0.70 to 0.89, demonstrating that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for healthcare professionals in the Turkish population. The minimum score that can be obtained on the scale is 28, and the maximum score is 140. There are no reverse-scored items, and as the score increases, the level of teamwork attitude is higher.
Baseline (pre-test), immediately after the training session (post-test)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Simulation Design Scale
Time Frame: İmmediately after the training session (post-test)
The Simulation Design Scale was developed by Jeffries et al. (2006) to evaluate the design characteristics of simulation-based learning environments (19). Its validity and reliability were established by Ünver et al. in [year]. The scale consists of 20 items and two sections. The first section assesses the level of implementation of simulation design elements, while the second section evaluates the importance of these elements from the students' perspective. The scale consists of five subscales: objectives and knowledge, support, problem-solving, feedback/guided reflection, and realism. A higher score indicates a higher quality of simulation design and the student's greater emphasis on the simulation experience. In the reliability analyses conducted, the Cronbach's alpha coefficients for the scale's sub-dimensions ranged from 0.73 to 0.86, demonstrating that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool for nursing students in the Turkish population.
İmmediately after the training session (post-test)

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Saglik Bilimleri Universitesi

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
June 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
July 15, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
July 15, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 13, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 13, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
June 18, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 18, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 13, 2026

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 2026-066

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Individual participant data will not be shared to ensure the confidentiality of the participants and to comply with institutional ethical guidelines.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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