A Study of Letrazuril in the Treatment of AIDS-Related Diarrhea

June 23, 2005 updated by: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Dose Escalation, Efficacy, and Safety Study of Letrazuril for AIDS-Related Cryptosporidial Diarrhea

To determine the pharmacokinetic profile of single doses of letrazuril in patients with AIDS-related cryptosporidial diarrhea; to determine the dose proportionality of single escalating doses of letrazuril; to determine steady-state concentrations of letrazuril; to evaluate the safety and efficacy of escalating doses of letrazuril, compared with placebo, for patients with AIDS-related cryptosporidial diarrhea.

Letrazuril, the p-fluor analog of diclazuril, has been shown in an animal model to prevent infections by organisms closely related to the intracellular parasite Cryptosporidium. Reliable data are needed to show the effectiveness of letrazuril in treating AIDS-related cryptosporidial diarrhea.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Letrazuril, the p-fluor analog of diclazuril, has been shown in an animal model to prevent infections by organisms closely related to the intracellular parasite Cryptosporidium. Reliable data are needed to show the effectiveness of letrazuril in treating AIDS-related cryptosporidial diarrhea.

Four groups of eight patients receive escalating doses of oral letrazuril (or placebo). In each group, six patients are randomized to receive letrazuril and two patients receive matching placebo. In the pharmacokinetics determination phase of the study, patients receive a single dose of letrazuril or placebo following a meal. Following a 72-hour blood collection, patients enter the blinded, treatment phase of the study and receive letrazuril or placebo as a single dose daily, after a meal, for 3 weeks. Patients with persistent Cryptosporidium oocysts in their stools at the end of the blinded treatment phase may continue with open-label treatment of letrazuril at the same dose for 4 weeks; the dose may subsequently be escalated every 4 weeks, to a maximum, if oocysts persist. Patients who have Cryptosporidium oocysts eradicated from their stools will discontinue treatment and be followed for 3 months. All patients undergo clinical follow-up at 3 and 6 months.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment

32

Phase

  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • California
      • Los Angeles, California, United States, 90033
        • Usc School Of Medicine
    • New York
      • New York, New York, United States, 10021
        • Cornell Univ Med Ctr
      • New York, New York, United States, 10025
        • Saint Luke's - Roosevelt Hosp Ctr
      • New York, New York, United States, 10016
        • Dr Douglas Dieterich

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

13 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT, CHILD)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria

Concurrent Medication:

Allowed:

  • Anti-diarrheal and antiemetic medications.
  • Anti-HIV agents such as zidovudine, ddI, and ddC if dosing regimens were stable for at least 3 weeks prior to start of study drug.

Patients must have:

  • AIDS.
  • Chronic diarrhea with presence of Cryptosporidium oocysts in a stool specimen.
  • CD4 count < 150/mm3 (not required if patient has had cryptosporidiosis for a minimum of 4 weeks).
  • Life expectancy of at least 1 month.

Prior Medication:

Allowed:

  • Anti-HIV agents such as zidovudine, ddI, and ddC if dosing regimens were stable for at least 3 weeks prior to start of study drug.
  • Anti-diarrheal and antiemetic medications.

Exclusion Criteria

Co-existing Condition:

Patients with the following symptoms or conditions are excluded:

  • Grade 4 hematologic toxicity or grade 3 other toxicity ( patients with grade 3 hepatic toxicity may be enrolled if abnormalities are considered to be caused by biliary cryptosporidiosis).
  • Presence of other diarrhea-causing pathogens.
  • Active (defined as newly diagnosed, progressive, or requiring therapeutic intervention) opportunistic infection that requires antimicrobial therapy (patients receiving maintenance or prophylactic antimicrobial therapy for opportunistic infection may be enrolled if the dosing regimen has been stable for at least 3 weeks).
  • Evidence of cytomegalovirus retinitis or colitis.

Concurrent Medication:

Excluded:

  • Ganciclovir, cancer chemotherapy, or interferon-alpha or other immunomodulating agents.
  • Any investigational drug (drugs available under an FDA-authorized expanded access program will not be considered investigational).

Prior Medication:

Excluded:

  • Any investigational drug within 1 month prior to start of study drug (drugs available under an FDA-authorized expanded access program will not be considered investigational).
  • Ganciclovir, cancer chemotherapy, or interferon-alpha or other immunomodulating agents within 7 days prior to start of study drug.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)

Collaborators

Janssen Pharmaceuticals

Investigators

  • Study Chair: Moskovitz BL

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 2, 1999

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 30, 2001

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

August 31, 2001

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE)

June 24, 2005

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 23, 2005

Last Verified

October 1, 1992

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • ACTG 198
  • Protocol JRD 65731/1001

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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