Effectiveness of Topical 0.5% Levofloxacin to Reduce the Conjunctival Bacterial Flora Before Intraocular Surgery

June 21, 2007 updated by: Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Phase 4 Study on Effectiveness of Topical 0.5% Levofloxacin on Reduction of Preoperative Conjunctival Flora in Patients Scheduled for Intraocular Surgery

The purpose of this study is to determine whether additional topical application of 0.5% levofloxacin is more effective in reducing the load of the conjunctival bacterial flora in patients scheduled for intraocular surgery than preoperative irrigation of the conjunctiva with povidone iodine alone.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Endophthalmitis is serious complication of intraocular surgery. Previous studies have shown that the most common sources of bacteria causing endophthalmitis are the patients eyelid and conjunctival bacteria. [1, 2] The risk of postoperative endophthalmitis may be reduced by eliminating bacteria from the ocular surface at the time of the surgery.

The current standard for endophthalmitis prophylaxis at Ludwig-Maximilians-University in Munich, Germany is the irrigation of the conjunctival fornices with 1% povidone-iodine (PVI) prior to surgery. In general, patients do not receive topical antibiotic prior to surgery.

Ta and co-workers have demonstrated that a three-day application of topical ofloxacin resulted in less conjunctival cultures obtained before and after surgery compared to an application of antibiotic given one hour prior to surgery.[3] Furthermore, the same research group showed that the contamination rate of the microsurgical knives used during surgery decreased from 26% to 5% (P = 0.028) with a three day application of ofloxacin compared to a one-hour application.[4] The goal of the current proposal is to determine if we can improve on the current standard of endophthalmitis prophylaxis at Ludwig-Maximilians-University by using topical 5% levofloxacin prior to surgery. Given that the rate of endophthalmitis is quite low, we will use conjunctival bacterial flora and anterior chamber aqueous contamination rate as surrogate markers to determine the effectiveness of topical levofloxacin in reducing or eliminating bacteria from the ocular surface at the time of the surgery. The results of this prospective-randomized control trial may radically change the current practice of endophthalmitis prophylaxis, and levofloxacin may play a critical role in preventing postoperative endophthalmitis.

Study Protocol:

One hundred and forty patients will be randomized to control group and a study group:

  • Control group: no antibiotic (70 patients). Standard protocol at the Department of Ophthalmology, Munich.
  • Study group I: topical 0.5% levofloxacin four times per day for one day prior to surgery. In addition, one drop of topical levofloxacin is given three times with five minutes intervals, one hour prior to surgery (70 patients).

Five minutes prior to surgery both groups will receive topical povidone-iodine (10%) to scrub the periorbital area and 1% PVI to irrigate the conjunctiva (standard protocol). Patients will be draped in a sterile fashion and surgery will be initiated.

Conjunctival cultures for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria will be obtained at the following time-points:

• T0: (Baseline) at the day of the first interview (one week before surgery), prior to any application of antibiotic or povidone-iodine. Samples will be taken from both conjunctivas.

  • T1: On the morning of the surgery, but prior to final treatment during the last hour before surgery. At this time, patients in both study groups will have received topical levofloxacin (one day and three days before surgery) treatment; patients in the control group will not have received any treatment with antibiotic. Samples will be taken also from both conjunctiva.
  • T2: Immediately before surgery, 5-10 min after PVI scrub and PVI irrigation for both the control and study group, but only on the conjunctiva of surgery eye. In addition of sample of anterior chamber aqueous fluid is taken from the surgery eye by the responsible surgeon.
  • T3: At the conclusion of surgery, again from the conjunctiva and the anterior chamber fluid of the surgery eye.

At every step, samples are taken from the conjunctiva with a standard dissolving Ca-alginate swab (Sanofi-Pasteur, Germany). The moistened swab should be taken via one rotational swipe over the lower conjunctiva without touching the lid or eyelashes. Additionally anterior chamber aqueous fluid will be obtained immediately before and after surgery. The cannulas (2x) used for the aspiration will be cultured in a separate broth culture, too.

Inclusion criteria:

- Patients undergoing surgery for cataract, glaucoma or vitrectomy.

Exclusion criteria:

  • Patients who report to be allergic to levofloxacin or iodine
  • Patients on topical antibiotic within the last 30 days
  • Patients with acute conjunctivitis, blepharitis or dacryocystitis
  • Patients under age of 18 years

Summary:

The results of this study may revolutionize the standard of endophthalmitis prophylaxis. It could be that the application of topical levofloxacin 5%, four times a day for one or three days prior to surgery, significantly reduce or eliminate bacteria from the ocular surface. Hence, topical levofloxacin may have a critical role in preventing postoperative endophthalmitis.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

140

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Germany
    • Bavaria
      • Munich, Bavaria, Germany, 80336
        • Augenklinik der LMU

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients undergoing surgery for cataract, glaucoma or vitrectomy

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Patients who report to be allergic to levofloxacin or iodine
  • Patients on topical antibiotic within the last 30 days
  • Patients with acute conjunctivitis, blepharitis or dacryocystitis
  • Patients under age of 18 years

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Rate of culture positive results in thioglycolate broth from conjunctival swabs at defined time points
Time Frame: maximum 7 days before surgery until conclusion of surgery
maximum 7 days before surgery until conclusion of surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Numbers of colony forming units (CFUs) found on solid media. Specimens were cultured aerobically and micro-aerobically on blood agar plates and anaerobically on chocolate agar plates and CFUs were determined on each plate using a magnifying glass.
Time Frame: maximum 7 days before surgery until concluison of surgery
maximum 7 days before surgery until concluison of surgery

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Ludwig-Maximilians - University of Munich

Collaborators

Santen Gmbh

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Herminia Mino de Kapsar, PhD, Augenklinik der LMU

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

September 1, 2004

Study Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2005

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 21, 2007

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 21, 2007

First Posted (Estimate)

June 25, 2007

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

June 25, 2007

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 21, 2007

Last Verified

June 1, 2007

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • LevoProMUC03

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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