Femtosecond Laser Assisted Keratoplasty (FLAK)
Comparison of Femtosecond Laser-Assisted and Traditional Keratoplasty for Keratoconus
Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) is corneal transplantation performed by using round trephine blades to create matched circumferential incisions in both the diseased cornea and the donor cornea. The donor tissue graft is then secured in place with sutures which are usually removed postoperatively.The primary surgical goals are the preservation of a clear graft and improvement of vision. Surgical outcomes are limited by donor-recipient junction mismatch, astigmatism, rejection, infection and wound dehiscence.
The femtosecond laser is a focusable, infrared laser capable of cutting tissue at various depths and in a range of patterns, and is currently being used to create corneal lamellar flaps in LASIK surgery. The laser parameters can be adjusted for submicron precision in cutting desired diameters, depths and shapes in the cornea, with minimal collateral injury. This technology is now capable of creating full-thickness corneal trephinations with customized locking edges at the graft-host junction between the donor and recipient corneas in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Keratoplasty (FLAK). This approach may allow for better wound junction of the donor and recipient corneas, which in turn may also significantly reduce astigmatism, improve wound healing and visual recovery.
This pilot study will help us determine optimal femtosecond laser spot size, separation, fluence, and energy which result in the best graft-host fit.
The specific aim is to investigate postoperative physiology and biomechanics after FLAK in human eyes.
Study Overview
Status
Conditions
Intervention / Treatment
Detailed Description
Penetrating keratoplasty (PKP) or full-thickness corneal transplantation is a common and highly successful method to restore vision decreased by corneal opacification. Surgery is performed by using round trephine blades to create matched circumferential incisions in both the diseased cornea and the donor cornea. Several types of blades are currently available to create uniform corneal cuts. The donor tissue graft is then secured in place with sutures which are usually removed postoperatively after one to two years. The primary surgical goals are the preservation of a clear graft and improvement of vision. Surgical outcomes are limited by donor-recipient junction mismatch, astigmatism, rejection, infection and wound dehiscence.
The femtosecond laser is a focusable, infrared laser capable of cutting tissue at various depths and in a range of patterns, and is currently being used to create corneal lamellar flaps in LASIK surgery. The laser parameters can be adjusted for submicron precision in cutting desired diameters, depths and shapes in the cornea, with minimal collateral injury. This technology is now capable of creating full-thickness corneal trephinations with customized locking edges at the graft-host junction between the donor and recipient corneas in Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Keratoplasty (FLAK). This approach may allow for better wound junction of the donor and recipient corneas, which in turn may also significantly reduce astigmatism, improve wound healing and visual recovery.
Although the femtosecond laser has been approved by the FDA for use in corneal transplants, it has not been compared to standard corneal transplant techniques. This pilot study will help us determine optimal femtosecond laser spot size, separation, fluency, and energy which result in the best graft-host fit. Surgical eligibility criteria, including preoperative diagnoses, as well as possible associated medical and ophthalmic conditions for the eventual multi-center study will be defined. Primary outcome measures, which include corneal refractive power measurements, serial endothelial-cell counts to assess endothelial survival and vision-specific quality of life surveys, will be evaluated. The specific aim is to investigate postoperative physiology and biomechanics after FLAK in human eyes. The significance is that FLAK presents corneal surgeons with an opportunity to avoid some problems of PKP and offers a safer and more precise approach to treating visually disabling diseases secondary to corneal opacification.
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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Michigan
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Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States, 48105
- Cornea Clinic, Kellogg Eye Center
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Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Genders Eligible for Study
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Corneal opacification.
- Reduced ETDRS-measured, best corrected, distance visual acuity to 20/40 or worse.
- Ability to participate in follow-up visits.
- Signed, informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Corneal opacification adequately dense to obscure visualization of iris.
- ETDRS-measured, best-corrected, distance visual acuity of 20/30 or better.
- Corneal thickness greater than 1200 µm at the 9 mm peripheral zone.
- Severe corneal thinning including descemetocoele with impending corneal rupture.
- Prior PKP or incisional surgery that may provide a potential space into which the gas produced by the procedure can escape.
- Poor visual potential in the non-study eye (VA of 20/100 or less, without potential for improvement by the examining ophthalmologist's judgment).
- History of glaucoma, including steroid response rise in intraocular pressure.
- Active intraocular inflammation or infection.
- Age 18 or younger.
- Unable to return for scheduled follow-up examinations.
- Other medical condition(s) that will likely prevent long term follow-up.
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
- Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
- Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
- Masking: NONE
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: FLAK
Femtosecond laser assisted keratoplasty
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ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: PKP
Penetrating Keratoplasty
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What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Time Frame |
|---|---|
|
Investigate postoperative physiology and biomechanics after Femtosecond Laser Assisted Keratoplasty in human eyes.
Time Frame: Preoperatively and 1day, 1week and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post operatively
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Preoperatively and 1day, 1week and 1, 3, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months post operatively
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start
Primary Completion (ACTUAL)
Study Completion (ACTUAL)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (ESTIMATE)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (ACTUAL)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Additional Relevant MeSH Terms
Other Study ID Numbers
- HUM 15615-FLAK
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
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