CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in Dry Eye Syndrome

Expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the Tear Film and Ocular Surface of Patients With Dry Eye Syndrome

The aim of this study is to investigate the expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the tear film and ocular surface of patients with dry eye syndrome.

Thirty-three patients with dry eye (16 Sjögren's syndrome and 17 non-Sjögren's syndrome patients) and 15 control subjects were recruited. The concentrations of CXCL9, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in tears were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The correlation between chemokine levels and tear film and ocular surface parameters was analyzed. Expression of CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, and CXCR3 in the conjunctiva was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Flow cytometry was performed to count CXCR3+ cells and CXCR3+CD4+ cells in the conjunctiva.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Dry Eye Syndrome

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 48

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Korea, Republic of
  • Chonnam
    • Gwangju, Chonnam, Korea, Republic of, 501-757
      • Chonnam National University Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 24 years to 77 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Primary care clinic

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• clinical diagnosis of dry eye syndrome

Exclusion Criteria:

• active ocular infection or inflammation not associated with dry eye
• drug toxicity
• contact lens wear
• ocular allergy
• ocular surgery within the last 3 months
• lid or lash abnormalities

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Case-Control
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Normal control subjects; Normal control subjects who did not show the clinical symptom and findings of dry eye syndrome.
dry eye patients; Patients with dry eye syndrome who had symptoms of dry eye for more than 3 months, low tear film break up time (BUT, ≤7 sec), low Schirmer test (<10 mm), low tear clearance rate (<8X), and positive fluorescein or rose bengal vital staining (≥3) and were not treated with anti-inflammatory agents such as topical cyclosporine or steroids were included in the study.

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Chonnam National University Hospital
• Investigators: Study Director: Kyung-Chul Yoon, MD, PhD, Department of Ophthalmology, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, South Korea

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Yoon KC, De Paiva CS, Qi H, Chen Z, Farley WJ, Li DQ, Pflugfelder SC. Expression of Th-1 chemokines and chemokine receptors on the ocular surface of C57BL/6 mice: effects of desiccating stress. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2007 Jun;48(6):2561-9. doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-0002.
• Wallace GR, John Curnow S, Wloka K, Salmon M, Murray PI. The role of chemokines and their receptors in ocular disease. Prog Retin Eye Res. 2004 Jul;23(4):435-48. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2004.04.004.
• Pflugfelder SC, Jones D, Ji Z, Afonso A, Monroy D. Altered cytokine balance in the tear fluid and conjunctiva of patients with Sjogren's syndrome keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Curr Eye Res. 1999 Sep;19(3):201-11. doi: 10.1076/ceyr.19.3.201.5309.
• Yoon KC, Park CS, You IC, Choi HJ, Lee KH, Im SK, Park HY, Pflugfelder SC. Expression of CXCL9, -10, -11, and CXCR3 in the tear film and ocular surface of patients with dry eye syndrome. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2010 Feb;51(2):643-50. doi: 10.1167/iovs.09-3425. Epub 2009 Oct 22.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: February 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 1, 2008
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2008

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 7, 2009
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 7, 2009
• First Posted (Estimate): October 8, 2009

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): October 8, 2009
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 7, 2009
• Last Verified: October 1, 2009

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Dry eye syndrome; CXCL9 chemokine; CXCL10 chemokine; CXCL11 chemokine; CXCR3 receptor
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Eye Diseases; Disease; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Keratoconjunctivitis; Conjunctivitis; Conjunctival Diseases; Keratitis; Corneal Diseases; Syndrome; Dry Eye Syndromes; Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca
• Other Study ID Numbers: I-2007-12-111

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No