Safety and Efficacy of Oral Immunomodulator in Tuberculosis (TB) and TB/HIV Patients

August 2, 2012 updated by: Lisichansk Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary

Phase 2 Placebo-controlled, Randomized Study of Oral Immunomodulator in TB and TB/HIV Patients

Treatment of multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) is 100 times more expensive than treatment of drug-susceptible TB, requiring intensive clinical management for prolonged time (18-24 months) and more toxic treatment course. In prior open label study the investigators have shown that adding V-5 Immunitor (V5), can reduce treatment duration to one month and enhance by 4-5 fold the efficacy of TB drugs. Furthermore, V5 has been shown to reverse or reduce liver damage caused by chemotherapy. The cost of V5 will be very modest. The investigators propose to conduct placebo-controlled clinical trial in patients with treatment refractory TB so that the clinical benefit of V5 is confirmed.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

The first-diagnosed Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TB) is curable with the first line of anti-tuberculosis drugs (ATT) in over 90% of cases within 6 months. The treatment of TB, refractory to conventional ATT, requires the deployment of second line TB drugs. This represents a significant challenge, particularly in resource-poor countries.

The incidence of TB in Ukraine prior to 1992 was about 40 cases per 100,000 people. Ten years later, TB cases increased to over 80/100,000, with mortality doubled from 10.2/100,000 to 21.6/100,000. Drug-resistant TB is now common in Ukraine. Isoniazid and rifampicin resistance, which defines the MDR-TB, has been found in 44% and 32.9% of TB isolates. The first Ukrainian case of HIV was reported in 1987. Today, Ukraine has the highest HIV rate in the Eastern Europe, with increasing proportion of dual infection. For example, in 2002 the prevalence of TB and HIV co-infection was 6.3%, but in 2006 at least 15.5 % of TB patients had HIV co-infection.

It is clear that alternative and improved treatment options are needed. If such an intervention is found, the impact on the healthcare and clinical management of treatment-refractory TB and TB-HIV patients will be tremendous. The significant efforts are directed at finding new drugs and vaccines against TB. Immune-based interventions are actively sought as an adjunct therapy to conventional ATT. In earlier study the investigators have accidentally observed that when patients with chronic hepatitis C and HIV-TB were given V5 together with TB drugs it resulted in negative sputum conversion in 95% of patients within one month. This startling finding had prompted this study. The aim of the present study is to compare the clinical benefit of TB therapy in combination with V5 versus combination of placebo with ATT in a representative population of patients who are poorly manageable due to relapsing TB, MDR-TB, or TB-HIV co-infection.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

123

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Ukraine
    • Luhansk
      • Lisichansk, Luhansk, Ukraine, 20001
        • Lisichansk TB Dispensary

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects who are at least 18 years old and are willing and capable of providing written-informed consent.
  • Both men and non-pregnant women will be included.
  • One group of 30 patients will have HIV.
  • Another group of 30 patients will have drug-resistant TB (MDR or XDR).
  • Remaining 60 patients will have drug-sensitive TB of which 30 will be assigned to placebo.
  • TB infection documented prior to Study Entry by either the presence of TB rapid test or sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB).
  • At least two independent tests are sought to confirm TB diagnosis.
  • Agreement to participate in the study and to give a sample of blood for HIV testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Subjects who have already taken V5 in prior trial and those without baseline data.
  • Those who met inclusion criteria can be retrospectively enrolled.
  • Those who are re-treated and relapsed will be eligible as long as they are on the same drug regimen as the rest of patients.
  • Pregnant or breast-feeding women are excluded.

  • Subjects who have taken anti-retroviral drugs or immunomodulatory therapies within 2 months prior to Entry:

    • systemic corticosteroids
    • immune globulin (IV gamma globulin, IVIG)
    • interferons,
    • interleukins
    • pentoxifylline (Trental)
    • thalidomide
    • filgrastim (G-CSF)
    • sargramostim (GM-CSF)
    • dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)
    • thymosin alpha 1 (thymosin alpha)
    • thymopentin
    • inosiplex (Isoprinosine)
    • polyribonucleoside (Ampligen)
    • ditiocarb sodium (Imuthiol)
    • any locally available immune modulators
    • and any other therapeutic or preventive vaccine.
  • Subjects requiring concurrent participation in another experimental research treatment study, or who received an experimental agent within four weeks prior to Study Entry.
  • Medical conditions that in the opinion of the local investigator, may obscure the proper observation of the safety or activity of the study treatment; including any acute medical condition of unknown etiology or recent surgery prior to Entry.
  • Medical conditions such as active alcohol or substance abuse, or psychological issues that in the opinion of the local investigator, would interfere with adherence to the requirements of this study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
  • Allocation: RANDOMIZED
  • Interventional Model: PARALLEL
  • Masking: QUADRUPLE

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Immunomodulator intervention
Two cohorts or arms of at least 60 subjects each (total 120) with pulmonary TB positive for sputum AFB smear will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to receive once-daily, tablet of V-5 immunitor in combination with standard ATT for 2 months followed by ATT outside of trial for next 4 months or however long it needs to be.
Biological: V-5 immunitor
once per day dosing for 2 months
Other Names:
  • V5, V-5 immunitor
PLACEBO_COMPARATOR: placebo
Control Cohort 1 (60 subjects) will receive standard first-line ATT regimen: (daily Isoniazide (H) 150mg, Rifampicin (R) 300mg, Ethambutol (E) 400mg, and Pyrazinamide (Z) 400mg during first 2 months, followed by H/R three times per week for the next 4 months. Patients also will receive placebo preparation, appearing identical to V-5 immunitor, taken once daily 30 minutes prior or after meal for 2 months
Biological: V-5 immunitor
once per day dosing for 2 months
Other Names:
  • V5, V-5 immunitor

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
primary endpoint: sputum smear conversion
Time Frame: 12 months
Sputum smear conversion at monthly intervals timepoint Rates of pulmonary healing by chest X-ray at the end of study
12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
liver function
Time Frame: 12 months
To determine the safety of V5+ATT versus ATT+placebo in TB-infected subjects, Standard parameters, e.g., ALT and bilirubin, liver size will be measured.
12 months
quality of life
Time Frame: 12 months
Measure changes in quality of life by TB score questionnaire
12 months
hematology parameters
Time Frame: 12 months
Measure CBC by standard routine methods
12 months
weight gain
Time Frame: 12 months
Measure changes in body weight
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Lisichansk Regional Tuberculosis Dispensary

Collaborators

National Medical University, Ukraine
Immunitor USA Inc.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Dmytro Butov, MD, Kharkiv National Medical University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

January 1, 2010

Primary Completion (ACTUAL)

December 1, 2010

Study Completion (ACTUAL)

January 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

June 30, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 14, 2010

First Posted (ESTIMATE)

October 18, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (ESTIMATE)

August 3, 2012

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 2, 2012

Last Verified

August 1, 2012

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • imm01

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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