Everolimus in Combination With Imatinib in Patients With Glivec Refractory/Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors

A Phase I-II, Open-label Study of RAD001 in Combination With Glivec®/Gleevec™ (Imatinib) in Patients With Glivec/Gleevec-refractory/Resistant Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.

This trial was a Phase I/II, non-randomized, open label, multi-center study, following a sequential 2-part design.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: RAD001; Drug: Imatinib 600mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Drug: Imatinib 800mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib)

Detailed Description

The first part, Phase I, was designed to assess whether there is a pharmacokinetic interaction between Glivec/Gleevec (imatinib) and RAD001(everolimus) as well as to collect safety data when these two drugs are co-administered. The second part, (Phase II), was designed to assess the potential efficacy of the combination in imatinib-resistant GIST patients in two strata of patients:

• Patients resistant to imatinib as first-line drug therapy and in whom the maximum tolerated dose was at least 600 mg/d (Stratum 1, first-line resistant/refractory)
• Patients resistant to imatinib as well as to post-imatinib drug therapy (Stratum 2, post second-line therapy).

It was decided to discontinue the study and close to further enrollment based on alternative treatment options that became available. Phase 1 and Phase 2 Stratum 1 were ended early on 02-Nov-2006. Investigators were allowed to complete the enrollment in the Phase 2 Stratum 2.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 117
• Phase: Phase 2; Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Belgium
  • Leuven, Belgium, 3000
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Antwerpen
    • Edegem, Antwerpen, Belgium, 2650
      • Novartis Investigative Site
• France
  • Bordeaux, France, 33076
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Lille Cedex, France, 59020
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Lyon, France, F-69373
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Marseille Cedex 05, France, 13385
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Villejuif Cedex, France, 94805
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• Germany
  • Berlin, Germany, 13125
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Frankfurt, Germany, 60488
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Hamburg, Germany, 20246
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Koeln, Germany, 50937
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Muenchen, Germany, 81377
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Tübingen, Germany, 72076
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02215
      • Dana Farber Cancer Institute Dept of Sarcoma Oncology
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10032
      • College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University
  • Pennsylvania
    • Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, 19111
      • Fox Chase Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Phase l:

• Patients aged ≥ 18 years
• Patients with a histologically proven diagnosis of GIST and clinical evidence of resistance to imatinib despite at least 4 months continuous treatment with imatinib
• Patients with at least 2 months at a dosage of ≥ 600 mg/day (progression despite uninterrupted therapy for 2 months at ≥800 mg/d for patients entering the Phase I cohort investigating the 800 mg/d dose)
• Patients were to have at least one measurable lesion (longest diameter ≥20 mm on conventional CT or MRI scan
• patients were to have ≥10 mm on spiral CT) and were to have a WHO Performance Status Score ≤ 2.
• Patients also were to have adequate bone marrow, liver and renal function on imatinib treatment, as specified in the protocol

Phase ll:

• For Phase II (Stratum 2) patients must have progression on other 2nd line drug therapies following prior progression on imatinib (Stratum 2)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Women who are pregnant or breast-feeding
• Patients presenting with known or symptomatic CNS metastases or leptomeningeal involvement
• Patients with any concurrent major medical condition liable to compromise the patient's participation in the study (e.g. known HIV infection, uncontrolled diabetes, serious cardiac dysrhythmia or condition, New York Heart Association classification of III or IV, congestive cardiac failure, myocardial infarction with 6 months, unstable angina, chronic or acute renal or liver disease, uncontrolled infections including abscess or fistulae, etc.)
• Patients with a history of another malignancy within 5 years prior to study entry, except curatively treated non-melanotic skin cancer or in-situ cervical cancer
• Patients unwilling to or unable to comply with the protocol
• Patients who are receiving glucocorticoids (only if the p70s6 kinase1 assay is being performed), since these have been shown to inhibit p70s6 kinase1 activity.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: SEQUENTIAL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

6

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase l: RAD001 20mg/week; RAD001 20 mg was given once a week.	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase l: RAD001 2.5mg/day + Glivec 600mg/day; RAD001 2.5 mg was given in combination with Glivec/Gleevec 600mg/day.	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus; Drug: Imatinib 600mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Glivec/Gleevec was supplied as commercialized 100 mg and 400 mg tablets. Gleevec/Glivec was provided as capsules of 100 mg strength in bottles containing 60 capsules each. The use of this supply was study center specific. Glivec/Gleevec was taken, by mouth, at a dose of 300 mg twice a day. The Glivec/Gleevec regimen was changed from 600 mg once a day to 300 mg BID, by an amendment since taking too many tablets at once was difficult for patients with gastro-intestinal disease. In the phase II part of the study all patients received Glivec 600 mg/day.; Other Names: STI571
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase l: RAD001 5mg/day + Glivec 600mg/day; RAD001 5 mg was given in combination with Glivec/Gleevec 600mg/day.	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus; Drug: Imatinib 600mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Glivec/Gleevec was supplied as commercialized 100 mg and 400 mg tablets. Gleevec/Glivec was provided as capsules of 100 mg strength in bottles containing 60 capsules each. The use of this supply was study center specific. Glivec/Gleevec was taken, by mouth, at a dose of 300 mg twice a day. The Glivec/Gleevec regimen was changed from 600 mg once a day to 300 mg BID, by an amendment since taking too many tablets at once was difficult for patients with gastro-intestinal disease. In the phase II part of the study all patients received Glivec 600 mg/day.; Other Names: STI571
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase l: RAD001 2.5mg/day + Glivec 800mg/day; RAD001 2.5 mg was given in combination with Glivec/Gleevec 800mg/day.	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus; Drug: Imatinib 600mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Glivec/Gleevec was supplied as commercialized 100 mg and 400 mg tablets. Gleevec/Glivec was provided as capsules of 100 mg strength in bottles containing 60 capsules each. The use of this supply was study center specific. Glivec/Gleevec was taken, by mouth, at a dose of 300 mg twice a day. The Glivec/Gleevec regimen was changed from 600 mg once a day to 300 mg BID, by an amendment since taking too many tablets at once was difficult for patients with gastro-intestinal disease. In the phase II part of the study all patients received Glivec 600 mg/day.; Other Names: STI571
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase ll - Stratum l (first-line resistant/refractory): RAD001 2.5mg/day + Glivec 600mg/day; All first-line resistant/refractory patients received RAD001 2.5mg/day in combination with Glivec/Gleevec at a dose of 600mg/day.	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus; Drug: Imatinib 800mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Glivec/Gleevec was supplied as commercialized 100 mg and 400 mg tablets. Gleevec/Glivec was provided as capsules of 100 mg strength in bottles containing 60 capsules each. The use of this supply was study center specific. Glivec/Gleevec was taken, by mouth. In the phase II part of the study all patients received Glivec 600 mg/day, except for 2 patients who received Glivec at a dose of 800 mg/day. This dose was permitted in Phase II as it was found to be safe in Phase I.; Other Names: STI571
EXPERIMENTAL: Phase ll - Stratum ll: (post second-line therapy): RAD001 2.5mg/day + Glivec 600mg/day; All post-second-line patients received RAD001 2.5mg/day in combination with Glivec/Gleevec at a dose of 600mg/day	Drug: RAD001; RAD001 was in tablets of 0.5 mg, 1.0 mg, 2.5 mg and 5.0 mg strength and was taken by mouth, once a week or once a day depending upon the treatment group the patient was enrolled into.; Other Names: everolimus; Drug: Imatinib 800mg/day (Glevec is the brand name for imatinib); Glivec/Gleevec was supplied as commercialized 100 mg and 400 mg tablets. Gleevec/Glivec was provided as capsules of 100 mg strength in bottles containing 60 capsules each. The use of this supply was study center specific. Glivec/Gleevec was taken, by mouth. In the phase II part of the study all patients received Glivec 600 mg/day, except for 2 patients who received Glivec at a dose of 800 mg/day. This dose was permitted in Phase II as it was found to be safe in Phase I.; Other Names: STI571

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Adverse Events (AEs): Phase I & II	Assessed safety and tolerability of the combination administration of RAD001 and imatinib when given to patients with imatinib-refractory gastro-intestinal stromal tumors (GIST) by number of participants with adverse events.	4 - 8 weeks
Best Overall Response (BOR) as Assessed by Overall Response (Complete Response (CR) & Partial Response (PR)) - Phase I & II	Assessed clinical efficacy of the combination regimen in this patient population per BOR by Overall response (CR + PR). Complete response: Disappearance of all target lesions; Partial response: ≥ 30% decrease in the sum of the longest diameter of target lesions compared to baseline (and not ≥20% increase compared to smallest sum).	6 - 8 weeks
Trough Concentrations for RAD001 and for Imatinib - Phase II	Assessed the pharmacokinetics (PK) of the combination administration of RAD001 and imatinib in this patient population.	Part II Daily regimen: Baseline, Days 8, 15 and thereafter approximately every two months starting at month 3 whenever possible
Overall Survival (OS) - Phase I & II	Assessed clinical efficacy of the combination regimen in this patient population per Overall Survival (OS). Overall survival was defined as the time from date of start of treatment to date of death due to any cause. For patients still receiving study medication at the time of the analysis, survival was censored at the date of last examination. If a patient was not known to have died but was no longer continuing with study medication, survival was censored at the date of last contact.	about 60 months
4-Month Progression-free Survival (PFS) Rate - Phase II	Assessed clinical efficacy of the combination regimen in this patient population per Progression-free survival (PFS). Progression-free survival (PFS) was the time from date of start of treatment to the date of first documented progression or death due to any cause. Per protocol (PP) population includes patients with no known overall lesion response during 4 months +/- 2 weeks, or who later had response of CR/PR/stable disease (SD). PP population excludes patients with no known response during 4 months + / -2 weeks and no subsequent CR/PR/SD.	about 4 months
Progression-free Survival (PFS) - Phase II	Assessed clinical efficacy of the combination regimen in this patient population per Progression-free survival (PFS). Progression-free survival (PFS) was the time from date of start of treatment to the date of first documented progression or death due to any cause. If a patient had not progressed or died, progression-free survival was censored at the time of last adequate tumor assessment. According to the study protocol no tumor assessments were performed after discontinuation of treatment with study drug. Therefore, for all patients who discontinued treatment without a documented progression but died thereafter, death was considered as PFS event only if it occurred within the regular safety follow-up of 28 days after discontinuation. Otherwise, the PFS time was censored at the last adequate tumor assessment.	about 60 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
mTOR Pathway Activity Before Treatment, and Inhibition of mTOR Pathway Activity During Treatment as a Predictive Factor of Response, as Shown by Molecular Pathological Examination of the Tumor.	assess mTOR pathway activity before treatment, and inhibition of mTOR pathway activity during treatment as a predictive factor of response, as shown by molecular pathological examination of the tumor.	about 60 months
Relationship Between Drug-induced Changes in the Principal Molecular Marker of Intratumoral mTOR Activity and Changes in Other Molecular Markers of Tumoral Activity (e.g. Indicators of Pathway Activity, Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis).	assess the relationship between drug-induced changes in the principal molecular marker of intratumoral mTOR activity and changes in other molecular markers of tumoral activity (e.g. indicators of pathway activity, cell proliferation and apoptosis).	about 60 months
Relationship Between Drug-induced Changes in Tumoral Metabolism, as Shown by Functional Imaging With 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography (FDC-PET), With Clinical Outcome and Changes in Molecular Pathology.	assess the relationship between drug-induced changes in tumoral metabolism, as shown by functional imaging with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDC-PET), with clinical outcome and changes in molecular pathology.	about 60 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): November 13, 2002
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): September 3, 2008
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): September 3, 2008

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 10, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 11, 2011
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): January 12, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): June 25, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 3, 2021
• Last Verified: June 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: everolimus; mTOR; soft tissue sarcoma; RAD001; Imatinib resistant; everolimusGIST; Imatinib-refractory/resistant; gastrointestinal stromal tumors; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors(GIST); stomach tumor; tumor of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC); digestive system cancer
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Digestive System Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Neoplasms, Connective Tissue; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Imatinib Mesylate; Everolimus
• Other Study ID Numbers: CRAD001C2206

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES

IPD Plan Description

Novartis is committed to sharing with qualified external researchers, access to patient-level data and supporting clinical documents from eligible studies. These requests are reviewed and approved by an independent expert panel on the basis of scientific merit. All data provided is anonymized to respect the privacy of patients who have participated in the triasl in line with applicable laws and regulations.

This trial data will be available according to the process described on www.clinicalstudydatarequest.com.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No