Effects of Resistance and Endurance Training on Synthesis of Individual Muscle Proteins in Young and Older Adults

Loss of skeletal muscle strength and skeletal muscle mass occurs with of aging. This are-related decline in skeletal muscle mass and skeletal muscle strength is a major underlying factor contributing to many of the metabolic disorders and frailty of the investigators rapidly expanding aging population. Endurance (aerobic) and resistance exercise training programs have been shown to effectively reverse the age-related decline in metabolic and contractile muscle functions. The investigators will measure synthesis rates of individual muscle proteins in 36 each of young (18-30 yrs) and 36 older (> 65 yrs) people to determine their response to 8 weeks each of endurance, resistance, combined endurance and resistance training, or placebo exercise training.

Hypotheses.

1. to measure fractional synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and identify those that are enhanced by an endurance exercise program
2. to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to endurance exercise programs are dependent on age
3. to measure fractional muscle synthesis rates of multiple muscle proteins and to identify those that are enhanced by a resistance exercise program
4. to determine whether changes in protein synthesis in response to resistance exercise programs are dependent on age

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Sarcopenia
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Endurance exercise; Behavioral: Resistance exercise; Behavioral: Control/Combined training

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 67
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Minnesota
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55905
      • Mayo Clinic

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy
• 18 to 30 or >65 years
• Males and Females

Exclusion Criteria:

• Regular Exercise Program
• Smoking
• Cardiometabolic Disease (diabetes, cardiovascular disease, thyroid disorders)
• Drugs known to impair metabolic function (beta blockers, steroids)
• Allergies to lidocaine
• Physical disability that precludes exercise

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Endurance Exercise; Participants will perform 8-weeks of moderate intensity endurance (cycling) exercise	Behavioral: Endurance exercise; Participants will perform 8-weeks of endurance exercise training. Participants will train 5 days per week for 60 min at 65% of VO2 peak.
Experimental: Resistance Exercise; Participants will perform 8-weeks of whole-body resistance exercise training.	Behavioral: Resistance exercise; Participants will perform 8-weeks of resistance exercise training. Participants will train 4 days per week for ~60 min. Two days will focus on lower body resistance training and two days will focus on upper body.
Experimental: Control / Combined Training; Participants will perform 8-weeks of no exercise, followed by an additional 8-weeks of combined endurance plus resistance exercise training.	Behavioral: Control/Combined training; Participants will perform 8-weeks of no exercise (control), followed by 8-weeks of combined endurance and resistance training. Participants will endurance train 5 days per week for 30 min at 65% of VO2 peak and resistance train 4 days per week for 30 min.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Skeletal Muscle Protein Synthesis	The investigators will determine the change from baseline in skeletal muscle protein synthesis. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 8 weeks of exercise training.	Measured at week 0 (baseline) and week 8

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Mitochondrial Function	The investigators will determine the change from baseline in mitochondrial function. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 8 weeks of exercise training.	Measured at week 0 (baseline) and week 8

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mayo Clinic
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: K. Sreekumaran Nair, MD, PD, Mayo Clinic

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Irving BA, Lanza IR, Henderson GC, Rao RR, Spiegelman BM, Nair KS. Combined training enhances skeletal muscle mitochondrial oxidative capacity independent of age. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2015 Apr;100(4):1654-63. doi: 10.1210/jc.2014-3081. Epub 2015 Jan 19.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2008
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 1, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): February 1, 2011

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 9, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): December 12, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 12, 2011
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 9, 2011
• Last Verified: December 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Exercise; Aging; Sarcopenia; Mitochondria
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neuromuscular Manifestations; Pathological Conditions, Anatomical; Muscular Atrophy; Atrophy; Sarcopenia
• Other Study ID Numbers: 07-007689