Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds in Nursing Students

The Effect of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Nature Sounds on Blood Pressure Measurement Skills, Anxiety Levels, and Vital Signs in Nursing Students

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PMR and nature sounds on nursing students' BPM skills, and anxiety levels and vital signs.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled experimental study conducted at the nursing department of the faculty of health sciences of a university. PMR participants rested for ten minutes between the sessions and then practiced PMR for 15 minutes. PMR+NS participants practiced PMR accompanied by nature sounds.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Anxiety
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Progressive Muscle Relaxation; Other: Nature Sounds

Detailed Description

Background: The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PMR and nature sounds on nursing students' BPM skills, and anxiety levels and vital signs.

Methods: This was a randomized controlled experimental study conducted at the nursing department of the faculty of health sciences of a university. PMR participants rested for ten minutes between the sessions and then practiced PMR for 15 minutes. PMR consisted of taking a deep breath five times and then clenching fists, raising the shoulders, bringing the forearms towards the body, stretching the triceps muscle, and tensing and relaxing the forehead, eye, chin, neck, chest, abdomen, back, hips, thigh, and feet muscles. The investigators made a video of exercises in a certain order and uploaded it to the television in the lab prior to the intervention. The investigators turned on the video during the intervention and asked the participants to follow the instructions for PMR exercises. PMR+NS participants practiced PMR accompanied by nature sounds.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 127
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Kayseri, Turkey, 38039
    • Erciyes University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. being a first-year nursing student
2. voluntary
3. participating in the theoretical part of the "Pulse and Blood Pressure Measurement" course and in lab practice.

Exclusion Criteria:

• not participating in the theoretical part of the "Pulse and Blood Pressure Measurement" course and in lab practice.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: OTHER
• Allocation: RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: PARALLEL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Progressive Muscle Relaxation; PMR participants rested for ten minutes between the sessions and then practiced PMR for 15 minutes. PMR consisted of taking a deep breath five times and then clenching fists, raising the shoulders, bringing the forearms towards the body, stretching the triceps muscle, and tensing and relaxing the forehead, eye, chin, neck, chest, abdomen, back, hips, thigh, and feet muscles. The investigators made a video of exercises in a certain order and uploaded it to the television in the lab prior to the intervention.	Other: Progressive Muscle Relaxation; PMR participants rested for ten minutes between the sessions and then practiced PMR for 15 minutes. PMR consisted of taking a deep breath five times and then clenching fists, raising the shoulders, bringing the forearms towards the body, stretching the triceps muscle, and tensing and relaxing the forehead, eye, chin, neck, chest, abdomen, back, hips, thigh, and feet muscles. The investigators made a video of exercises in a certain order and uploaded it to the television in the lab prior to the intervention. The investigators turned on the video during the intervention and asked the participants to follow the instructions for PMR exercises.
EXPERIMENTAL: Progressive Muscle Relaxation with Nature Sounds; PMR+NS participants practiced PMR accompanied by nature sounds.	Other: Progressive Muscle Relaxation; PMR participants rested for ten minutes between the sessions and then practiced PMR for 15 minutes. PMR consisted of taking a deep breath five times and then clenching fists, raising the shoulders, bringing the forearms towards the body, stretching the triceps muscle, and tensing and relaxing the forehead, eye, chin, neck, chest, abdomen, back, hips, thigh, and feet muscles. The investigators made a video of exercises in a certain order and uploaded it to the television in the lab prior to the intervention. The investigators turned on the video during the intervention and asked the participants to follow the instructions for PMR exercises.; Other: Nature Sounds; PMR+NS participants practiced PMR accompanied by nature sounds. PMR consisted of taking a deep breath five times and then clenching fists, raising the shoulders, bringing the forearms towards the body, stretching the triceps muscle, and tensing and relaxing the forehead, eye, chin, neck, chest, abdomen, back, hips, thigh, and feet muscles. The investigators made a video of exercises in a certain order and uploaded it to the television in the lab prior to the intervention. The investigators turned on the video during the intervention and asked the participants to follow the instructions for PMR exercises.
NO_INTERVENTION: Standard Practice; The standard practice of the lab was made.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)	The STAI consists of two parts; the State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and the Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI). The SAI measures anxiety about an event while the TAI measures anxiety level as a personal characteristic. The TAI and SAI each consists of 20 items. The SAI items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale of 1 to 4 (1= never, 2= sometimes, 3= often, 4= always). The SAI items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale of 1 to 4 (1= almost never, 2= sometimes, 3= often, 4= almost always). Ten SAI items (1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20) and six TAI items (1, 6, 7, 13, 16, and 19) are reverse scored. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety.	pre-intervention

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The State Anxiety Inventory (SAI)	The SAI items are scored on a 4-point Likert scale of 1 to 4 (1= almost never, 2= sometimes, 3= often, 4= almost always). Ten SAI items (1, 2, 5, 8, 10, 11, 15, 16, 19, and 20) and six TAI items (1, 6, 7, 13, 16, and 19) are reverse scored. Higher scores indicate greater anxiety	through study completion for each group, an average of 4 hour
The Blood Pressure Knowledge Test (BPKT)	BPKT is a multiple-choice test consisting of 20 items on definitions, physiology, affecting factors, classification, measurement sites, planning, application auscultation/ palpation measurement, and evaluation. A correct response is scored 1, and therefore, the total score ranges from 0 to 20.	through study completion for each group, an average of 4 hour

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: TC Erciyes University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): February 3, 2020
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): February 3, 2020
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): February 28, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 21, 2020
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 27, 2020
• First Posted (ACTUAL): June 1, 2020

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): August 31, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 28, 2020
• Last Verified: August 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Anxiety; Nursing students; Blood Pressure Measurement Skills; Skill training
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: 121

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No