Examination of The Effects of Telerehabilitation in Painful Healthcare Workers With and Without COVID-19 Infection

In the literature, there are studies examining the effects of telerehabilitation on individuals who have had COVID-19, but studies examining the effects on healthcare workers who have experienced COVID-19 are insufficient. In this study, which is planned to be done, it is aimed to examine the effects of myofascial relaxation technique on pain and other symptoms through telerehabilitation. The aim of the study is to examine the effects of myofascial relaxation technique applied with the telerehabilitation method on pain level, anxiety, depression, sleep, fatigue and kinesiophobia in healthcare workers with and without COVID-19 infection with pain.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: COVID-19 Respiratory Infection
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Progressive Myofascial Relaxation Exercise

Detailed Description

COVID-19 is a disease caused by severe acute coronavirus 2 infection and declared as a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020. In the period from March 11, when the first case was announced in Turkey, to the present day, the total number of cases has exceeded 2.3 million. COVID-19 is mainly transmitted by air droplets, aerosols and direct contact, and asymptomatic carriers are the main reason for rapid spread. While many professional groups are working at home during the pandemic process; the risk of contracting COVID-19 has increased, especially in healthcare workers working in high-risk departments of hospitals where COVID-19 patients are treated.

Along with symptoms such as fever, dry cough and shortness of breath, common musculoskeletal problems such as muscle pain, joint pain and fatigue, anxiety, depression and deterioration in sleep quality have been observed in COVID-19 patients. It can take weeks to get over the COVID-19 disease; however, some symptoms persist even after the infection has cleared. The continuation of physical, cognitive and psychological problems in COVID-19 patients recovering from the acute phase of the disease is called 'Post-COVID-19 Syndrome'. A good evaluation and treatment is required to prevent these symptoms in individuals with COVID-19.

Telerehabilitation refers to providing rehabilitation services using electronic communication technologies. In the current pandemic process, the use of telerehabilitation has increased all over the world to help patients without compromising the social distance rule. There is no need for protective equipment as there is no physical contact during telerehabilitation sessions. As a result, patient satisfaction and treatment efficiency are increased by enabling more effective and natural human interaction.

In the literature, there are studies examining the effects of telerehabilitation on individuals who have had COVID-19, but studies examining the effects on healthcare workers who have experienced COVID-19 are insufficient. In this study, which is planned to be done, it is aimed to examine the effects of myofascial relaxation technique on pain and other symptoms through telerehabilitation. The aim of the study is to examine the effects of myofascial relaxation technique applied with the telerehabilitation method on pain level, anxiety, depression, sleep, fatigue and kinesiophobia in healthcare workers with and without COVID-19 infection with pain.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 38
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Bolu
    • Merkez, Bolu, Turkey
      • Ceyhun TOPCUOĞLU

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 15 years to 75 years (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT, CHILD)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pain associated with COVID-19 infection and persistence of this condition after infection
• Presence of non-COVID-19 related pain and no history of COVID-19 infection
• Being a health worker and working actively
• Volunteering

Exclusion Criteria:

• Using psychiatric medication
• Continuing history of active COVID-19 infection

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: NON_RANDOMIZED
• Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Painful Healthcare Workers with COVID-19; Healthcare workers who have had COVID-19 infection in the past and are now in pain without COVID-19 infection	Other: Progressive Myofascial Relaxation Exercise; Participants will be given telerehabilitation methods, progressive myofascial relaxation techniques and simple posture correction exercises every other day for 2 weeks. The exercises will be performed as follows: First, focus on creating tension in the body by contracting all your body muscles and feeling the body tension by holding this tight position for 3-5 seconds. Then relax and relax and focus on feeling the relaxed position of the muscles for 10-15 seconds. Then, the same contraction and relaxation movements will be applied in the feet, legs, hips, waist, chest, shoulders, arms and face areas, respectively. They will be asked to do these exercises in the morning and evening while lying in bed.
ACTIVE_COMPARATOR: Painful Health Care Workers without COVID-19; Healthcare workers with past and present pain without COVID-19 infection	Other: Progressive Myofascial Relaxation Exercise; Participants will be given telerehabilitation methods, progressive myofascial relaxation techniques and simple posture correction exercises every other day for 2 weeks. The exercises will be performed as follows: First, focus on creating tension in the body by contracting all your body muscles and feeling the body tension by holding this tight position for 3-5 seconds. Then relax and relax and focus on feeling the relaxed position of the muscles for 10-15 seconds. Then, the same contraction and relaxation movements will be applied in the feet, legs, hips, waist, chest, shoulders, arms and face areas, respectively. They will be asked to do these exercises in the morning and evening while lying in bed.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Visual Analog Scale	The intensity of pain felt by individuals in their muscles and joints will be evaluated with a visual analog scale. The Visual Analog Scale is scored from 0 to 10. On this scale, "0" indicates no pain, "10" indicates unbearable severity.	2 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index	Sleep quality will be assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. This questionnaire is a 19-item scale that assesses sleep quality and disturbance over the past month. A total score of less than 5 indicates good sleep quality. A total score greater than 5 indicates that sleep quality is impaired.	5 minutes
Fatigue Severity Scale	Fatigue will be evaluated with the Fatigue Severity Scale. The score of the scale, which consists of a total of 9 questions, varies between 9 and 63, while a total score of 36 and above indicates fatigue.	2 minutes
Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia	Tampa Kinesiophobia Scale will be used to assess fear of movement. Individuals get a total score between 17-68. High scores on the scale indicate high kinesiophobia.	2 minutes
The Patient Health Questionnaire-4	Anxiety and depression will be assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire-4. This questionnaire In the last 2 weeks, the total score in this questionnaire, which consists of 4 questions in total, is between 0-12, and as the scores increase, the psychological distress situation increases.	2 minutes
Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale	The perception of shortness of breath will be measured with the Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale. Higher scores on this scale indicate increased dyspnea.	2 minutes
Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale	The perception of shortness of breath during activities of daily living was evaluated using the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale. Individuals are asked to choose the statement that best describes the severity of dyspnea among 5 statements scored between 0 and 4. High scores indicate an increased level of dyspnea.	2 minutes
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale	Anxiety and depression levels will be evaluated with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. There are 14 questions in total in the scale and each question is scored between 0 and 3. While the questions with odd number of questions evaluate anxiety symptoms; Questions with an even number of questions evaluate the symptoms of depression. High scores indicate increased anxiety and depression. While the cut-off point for anxiety is 10; The cut-off point for depression is 7.	2 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Abant Izzet Baysal University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): January 16, 2022
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): May 30, 2022
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): August 30, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 6, 2021
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 7, 2021
• First Posted (ACTUAL): August 11, 2021

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): October 28, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 27, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: pain; COVID-19; telerehabilitation; healthcare workers; progressive myofascial relaxation technique
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Coronavirus Infections; Coronaviridae Infections; Nidovirales Infections; RNA Virus Infections; Virus Diseases; Respiratory Tract Diseases; Pneumonia, Viral; Pneumonia; Lung Diseases; Disease Attributes; COVID-19; Infections; Communicable Diseases; Respiratory Tract Infections
• Other Study ID Numbers: AIBU-FTR-CT-04

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No