Survey of Correction Officers Before and After a Targeted Education Campaign (COsurvey)

Reducing Duration of Untreated Psychosis Through Early Detection in a Large Jail System - Surveys of Correction Officers

The investigators will implement a multifaceted Target Education Campaign (TEC) within the three jails about recognizing early psychotic symptoms and referring to the Correctional Health Services. This campaign will include print materials and targeted trainings for Correction Officers. To develop all aspects of the TEC, the investigators will convene a workgroup, meeting biweekly for the first 6 months, including the entire investigative team, as well as experts at the Center for Practice Innovations (CPI). Depending on the nature of agreed-upon educational materials, the investigators will use specific areas of expertise at CPI for development. Materials will provide specific, actionable, and persuasive messaging about: (1) how to identify select signs of psychosis, (2) how to refer to the Specialized Early Engagement Support Service (SEESS) (in year 2), and (3) the effectiveness of early treatment through coordinated specialty care for early psychosis. Messaging will be continuous in the three jails.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Work-Related Condition
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Targeted Educational Campaign

Detailed Description

Because Correction Officers in the three jails of interest are critically positioned to influence pathways to care, print materials will be supplemented with professional outreach and education by the SEESS. Roll-call is the approved venue by which all ongoing education happens for Correction Officers. Roll-calls take place at the beginning of each shift (7am, 3pm, 11pm) every day of the week in the same location and last ~ 15 - 20 minutes; all staff starting that shift attend. During roll-call, brief messages (2-3 minutes) will be delivered by the Controlling Captains, which is the standard practice for communicating important information to Correction Officers. Both daytime and overnight shifts will receive the targeted training for the 24 months of the TEC.

The investigators will collect pre-TEC (baseline) and during-TEC (at 6 months and 12 months) data from Correction Officers through brief surveys, which will be used to test changes in mean scores for knowledge, behavioral expectations, and self-efficacy, which are three key constructs from Social Cognitive Theory.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 451
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10027
      • Columbia University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Correction Officers;
• over the age of 21

Exclusion Criteria:

• children under the age of 21 years

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: HEALTH_SERVICES_RESEARCH
• Allocation: NA
• Interventional Model: SEQUENTIAL
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

EXPERIMENTAL: Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) for Correction Officers; The investigators will implement a Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) within 3 jails. The TEC is designed to lead to referrals of detainees (previously not detected as having potential mental health concerns) to Correctional Health Services (CHS) by Correction Officers.

Behavioral: Targeted Educational Campaign; Correction Officers will be exposed to the Targeted Educational Campaign (TEC) with the aim to increase their knowledge about the early symptoms of psychosis, and how to make a referral to the Correction Health Services staff, their self-efficacy to detect symptoms of psychosis and make referrals, and their expectations about their ability to be successful in making that referral (and for referrals to result in beneficial outcomes). Correction Officers will be approached and recruited during roll call and in the staff canteen where they take their meal breaks, or at a time/location agreed upon by the Department of Correction, to complete brief surveys at three different times; pre-exposure, after 6 months, and after 12 months from the beginning of the TEC.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Correction Officers' Knowledge at Baseline	Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at baseline. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.	Baseline
Correction Officers' Knowledge at 6 Months	Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at 6-months. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.	6 months
Correction Officers' Knowledge at 12 Months	Survey-based scores on knowledge/skills at 12-months. To measure behavioral capability (knowledge/skills), the investigators used the Correction Officers' Behavioral Capability Scale, which has a minimum value of 0 and maximum value of 10. Higher scores mean better knowledge about psychosis and therefore a better outcome.	12 months
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at Baseline	Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at baseline. To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	Baseline
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at 6 Months	Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at 6-months To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	6 months
Correction Officers' Behavioral Expectations at 12 Months	Survey-based scores on behavioral expectations at 12 months. To measure expectation, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Expectations Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	12 months
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at Baseline	Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at baseline. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	Baseline
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at 6 Months	Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at 6-months. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	6 months
Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy at 12 Months	Survey-based scores on self-efficacy at 12-months. To measure self-efficacy, the investigators used the Correction Officers' Self-Efficacy Scale, which has a minimum value of 8 and a maximum value of 32. Higher scores mean a better outcome.	12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Columbia University
• Collaborators: National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH); University of South Florida; University of Illinois at Chicago; Vera Institute of Justice

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (ACTUAL): January 8, 2020
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): March 5, 2021
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): March 5, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 23, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 5, 2022
• First Posted (ACTUAL): July 11, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): October 25, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 24, 2022
• Last Verified: October 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Correction Officers
• Other Study ID Numbers: NYSPI 7771 - 251050; R34MH117766 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: Data collected from this clinical trials research will be deposited into the National Institute of Mental Health Data Archive (NDA). In order to deposit the data, the investigators will use a consent form that allows broad data sharing within the research community. A global unique identifier (GUID) will be created for each research participant using the software that NIMH provides. Dr. Compton and the research coordinator will work with NIMH to create data dictionaries that are relevant to their research. The investigators will share our results, positive and negative, specific to the cohorts and outcome measures studied.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: To be determined
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: To be determined

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No