Omega-3 Supplementation on Serum Fetuin-A Levels

Effects of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation on Serum Fetuin-A Levels in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease

Background and aims: One of the investigated possible modulators of serum fetuin-A, associated with the risk of developing coronary artery disease (CAD), is omega-3 fatty acids (FAs). This study aims to evaluate the effects of omega-3 FA supplementation on serum fetuin-A concentration in patients with CAD.

Methods: The study was carried out on 34 male volunteer patients aged 35-75 years, newly diagnosed with CAD by conventional coronary angiography. Patients with CAD were divided into the "Omega-3 Group (n:16)" and "Control Group (n:18)". Low-fat diet principles were explained to both groups at baseline. While 1.560 mg/day omega-3 FA supplementation was given to the patients in the omega-3 group for eight weeks, but not in the control group. Food intake was recorded using six-day food records.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Coronary Artery Disease
• Intervention / Treatment: Dietary supplement: Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation

Detailed Description

The study was carried out on 34 male volunteer patients aged 35-75 years, newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease (CAD) by conventional coronary angiography. The study did not include the individuals who have dieted in the last six months, been taking an omega-3 FA and/or vitamin/mineral supplements or statin group drugs, been BMI <18.5 and ≥40 kg/m2, been fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL, had a systemic disease such as Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, kidney diseases, liver diseases, cancer and neurological diseases, active athletes, regular exercisers. Gazi University Faculty of Medicine Clinical Research Ethics Committee approved the study on 26 November 2020 with approval number 810. In addition, the necessary approval was obtained from the Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency with the decision numbered 66175679-514.11.01-E.290378. All participants gave signed informed consent and the study was conducted in accordance with Helsinki Declaration.

Patients with CAD were divided into the "Omega-3 Group (n:16)" and "Control Group (n:18)" to evaluate the effects of omega-3 FA supplementation on biochemical parameters, especially serum fetuin-A, anthropometric measurements, and nutritional status. 1.560 mg/day omega-3 FA supplementation was applied for 8 weeks to 16 participants with CAD included in the omega-3 group, and the principles of a low-fat diet were explained. The principles of the low-fat diet without omega-3 FA supplementation were explained to 18 participants with CAD in the control group. The data of the participants were collected at the beginning, every 15 days and at the end of the 8th week.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 34
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Ankara, Turkey
    • Gazi University Training and Research Hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 31 years to 71 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Male

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Male volunteer patients aged 35-75 years
• Patients with newly diagnosed with coronary artery disease by conventional coronary angiography

Exclusion Criteria:

• Individuals who have dieted in the last six months
• Use of omega-3 fatty acid and/or vitamin/mineral supplements or statin group drugs
• BMI <18.5 and ≥40 kg/m2
• Fasting blood glucose ≥ 126 mg/dL
• Presence of systemic diseases such as Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, kidney diseases, liver diseases, cancer or neurological diseases
• Active athletes and/or those who exercise regularly

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Omega-3 Group; While 1.560 mg/day omega-3 FA supplementation was given to the patients in the omega-3 group for eight weeks, but not in the control group.	Dietary supplement: Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation; Patients with CAD were divided into the "Omega-3 Group (n:16)" and "Control Group (n:18)" to evaluate the effects of omega-3 FA supplementation on biochemical parameters, especially serum fetuin-A, anthropometric measurements, and nutritional status. 1.560 mg/day omega-3 FA supplementation was applied for 8 weeks to 16 participants with CAD included in the omega-3 group.
No Intervention: Control Group; While 1.560 mg/day omega-3 FA supplementation was given to the patients in the omega-3 group for eight weeks, but not in the control group.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Analysis of serum total cholesterol (mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (mg/dL), triglyceride (mg/dL), fasting blood glucose (mg/dL), calcium (mg/dL) and phosphorus (mg/dL)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. The blood samples of the participants were analyzed at the beginning and at the end of the 8th week in the biochemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University to determine total cholesterol (mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (mg/dL), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) (mg/dL), triglyceride (mg/dL), fasting blood glucose (mg/dL), calcium (mg/dL) and phosphorus (mg/dL) levels of the participants.	8 weeks
Analysis of serum adiponectin (µg/mL)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. Adiponectin (µg/mL) concentrations in blood samples were analyzed in a private laboratory. For the analysis of adiponectin, blood samples taken into yellow-capped gel tubes were kept at room temperature for 30-45 minutes while the tubes were in an upright position, then centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 15 min and the serum was frozen at -80°C until assayed.	8 weeks
Analysis of serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. The blood samples of the participants were analyzed at the beginning and at the end of the 8th week in the biochemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University to determine serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (mg/L) levels of the participants.	8 weeks
Analysis of serum fasting insulin (µIU/mL)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. The blood samples of the participants were analyzed at the beginning and at the end of the 8th week in the biochemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University to determine serum fasting insulin (µIU/mL) levels of the participants.	8 weeks
Analysis of serum high-sensitivity troponin T (hs) -TnT) (ng/mL)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. The blood samples of the participants were analyzed at the beginning and at the end of the 8th week in the biochemistry laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University to determine serum high-sensitivity troponin T (hs) -TnT) (ng/mL) levels of the participants.	8 weeks
Analysis of serum fetuin-A (ng/mL)	The blood samples of the participants were taken by the nurse after 8 hours of fasting for the analysis of biochemical parameters. Fetuin-A (ng/mL) concentrations in blood samples were analyzed in a private laboratory. For the analysis of fetuin-A levels, blood samples taken into yellow-capped gel tubes were kept at room temperature for 30-45 minutes while the tubes were in an upright position, then centrifuged at 3,000 rpm for 15 min and the serum was frozen at -80°C until assayed.	8 weeks
Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR)	Homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) values were calculated according to the formula: fasting insulin (mIU/mL) × fasting glucose (mg/dL)/405.	8 weeks
Nutritional assessment	A total of six-day food records (three-day food records with a 24-hour dietary recall method every 15 days and three consecutive-day food records at week 8.) were taken by the researcher for determining participants' daily dietary energy and nutrient intake. The energy and nutrient intake was calculated using the Nutrition Information System (BeBiS) program.	8 weeks
Body weight analysis	The body weight of the participants was analyzed at the beginning, every 15 days and at the end of the 8th week. The body weight of the participants was analyzed through Tanita BC 601 bio-electric impedance device after 10-12 hours of hunger.	8 weeks
Height and waist circumferences (cm) measurement	The height and waist circumferences (cm) of the participants were measured by using a non-elastic tape measure.	8 weeks
Body mass index calculation	Body mass indexes were calculated by applying 'body weight/height2 (kg/m2)' equation.	8 weeks
Body fat percentage (%) and body water percentage (%) analysis	The body fat percentage and body water percentage of the participants were analyzed at the beginning, every 15 days and at the end of the 8th week. The body fat percentage and body water percentage of the participants were analyzed through Tanita BC 601 bio-electric impedance device after 10-12 hours of hunger.	8 weeks
Body muscle mass analysis	The body muscle mass of the participants was analyzed at the beginning, every 15 days and at the end of the 8th week. The body muscle mass of the participants was analyzed through Tanita BC 601 bio-electric impedance device after 10-12 hours of hunger.	8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Personal Information Form	The data of the study were collected using a face-to-face interview technique through a questionnaire. Descriptive information about the individuals (age, gender, marital status, education level, physical activity, smoking, alcohol and drug use) and nutritional habits were questioned with the questionnaire form.	8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Amasya University
• Collaborators: Gazi University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): December 18, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 11, 2021
• Study Completion (Actual): April 8, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: October 31, 2022
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 14, 2022
• First Posted (Estimate): December 22, 2022

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): December 22, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 14, 2022
• Last Verified: December 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Coronary artery disease; Omega-3 fatty acid; Fetuin-A; Nutrient intake
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Arteriosclerosis; Arterial Occlusive Diseases; Coronary Artery Disease; Myocardial Ischemia; Coronary Disease
• Other Study ID Numbers: 66175679-514.11.01-E.290378

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No