Improvement of Motor Tasks: Effects of Verbal Encouragement and Music
Improvement of Motor Tasks Performance: Effects of Verbal Encouragement and Music - Key Results From a Randomised Crossover Study With Electromyography
This study employed a randomized crossover design to assess the impacts of three different experimental conditions-standard environment, music, and verbal encouragement-on performance in an isometric endurance task, with comparisons made between untrained and trained individuals. Interventions were spaced seven days apart. Measurements included muscle activity and fatigue, assessed via surface electromyography, and the duration of the task.
The isometric endurance task required participants to maintain a 90° elbow flexion while holding a dumbbell in a supine grip, weighted to 80% of their one-repetition maximum, on the dominant side. During the task, participants were to keep their back and head against a vertical wall, stand with feet shoulder-width apart, and firmly on the ground. The dumbbell was held with the dominant arm, and the other arm was kept neutral by the side. It was crucial to avoid any rocking or movements that would ease maintaining the position. The test began when the bar was handed to the participant in the correct stance and concluded once the arm's angle deviated by more than five degrees from the start.
Study Overview
Study Type
Enrollment (Actual)
Phase
- Not Applicable
Contacts and Locations
Study Locations
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-
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Genova, Italy, 16122
- Universita degli Studi di Genova
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-
Participation Criteria
Eligibility Criteria
Ages Eligible for Study
- Adult
Accepts Healthy Volunteers
Description
Inclusion Criteria:
- Good general health,
- No medical conditions that could interfere with their ability to perform the test safely and effectively.
- To be considered exercised, participants had to have performed 150 minutes per week of vigorous intensity aerobic physical activity, in addition to muscle strengthening activities, for at least two days per week. Those who did not meet this standard were considered untrained.
Exclusion Criteria:
- History of surgery on the arm, shoulder or adjacent areas that could limit the ability to perform the test.
- Use of medication that affects muscle function or pain perception
Study Plan
How is the study designed?
Design Details
- Primary Purpose: Other
- Allocation: Randomized
- Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
- Masking: None (Open Label)
Arms and Interventions
Participant Group / Arm |
Intervention / Treatment |
|---|---|
|
Experimental: Task with verbal encouragement
Endurance isometric exercise performed with verbal encouragement
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The task demanded that participants maintain their arm bent at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell, which weighed 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM), in a supine grip on the dominant side of their body for the longest time they could.
|
|
Experimental: Task with music
Endurance isometric exercise performed with music
|
The task demanded that participants maintain their arm bent at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell, which weighed 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM), in a supine grip on the dominant side of their body for the longest time they could.
|
|
Active Comparator: Task 1 without motivational feedback
Task without motivational feedback
|
The task demanded that participants maintain their arm bent at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell, which weighed 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM), in a supine grip on the dominant side of their body for the longest time they could.
|
|
Active Comparator: Task 2 without motivational feedback
Task without motivational feedback
|
The task demanded that participants maintain their arm bent at a 90° angle while holding a dumbbell, which weighed 80% of their one-repetition maximum (1RM), in a supine grip on the dominant side of their body for the longest time they could.
|
What is the study measuring?
Primary Outcome Measures
Outcome Measure |
Measure Description |
Time Frame |
|---|---|---|
|
Duration of the task
Time Frame: Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
task duration expressed in seconds
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Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
|
Neuromuscular excitation of Biceps Brachii
Time Frame: Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
Amplitude of electromyography value (Root Mean Square in microvolt) measured for Biceps Brachii muscle
|
Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
|
Neuromuscular excitation of Brachioradialis
Time Frame: Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
Amplitude of electromyography value (Root Mean Square in microvolt) measured for Brachioradialis muscle
|
Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
|
Neuromuscular fatigue of Biceps Brachii
Time Frame: Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
Time-course evolution of the Median Frequency of the Power Density Spectrum (MF Hz) of the electromyography signal measured for biceps brachii muscle
|
Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
|
Neuromuscular fatigue of Brachioradialis
Time Frame: Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
Time-course evolution of the Median Frequency of the Power Density Spectrum (MF Hz) of the electromyography signal measured for Brachioradialis muscle
|
Through task completion, an average of sixty seconds
|
Collaborators and Investigators
Sponsor
Study record dates
Study Major Dates
Study Start (Actual)
Primary Completion (Actual)
Study Completion (Actual)
Study Registration Dates
First Submitted
First Submitted That Met QC Criteria
First Posted (Actual)
Study Record Updates
Last Update Posted (Actual)
Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria
Last Verified
More Information
Terms related to this study
Keywords
Other Study ID Numbers
- DINOGMI-2024
Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)
Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?
Drug and device information, study documents
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product
Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product
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