"Assessing the Impact of Personalized Music Playlists on Procedural Anxiety and Crown Preparation Performance Among Young Dentists: a Randomized Controlled Trial"

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized music playlists in reducing procedural anxiety among young dentists performing crown preparations for porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns.

A randomized controlled trial with a parallel-group design was conducted at the Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Medical University, from April 12th, 2024, to October 11th, 2024. A total of 64 young dentists (20-30 years old) were randomly assigned to two groups: the experimental group (Group A), which listened to personalized music during the procedure, and the control group (Group B), which received no music. Anxiety was measured using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) before and after the procedure. Physiological parameters, including heart rate and respiratory rate, were also monitored. The preparation was evaluated based on a structured scoring rubric, assessing critical parameters. The scoring was conducted by two experienced prosthodontists who were blinded to the participant's group allocation. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 25.0.0, with a p-value of <0.05 considered statistically significant.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Procedural Anxiety; Crown
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Music intervention

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 64
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Pakistan
  • Federal
    • Islamabad, Federal, Pakistan
      • School of dentistry, SZABMU

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Both male and female
• Young dentists 20-30 years.
• Recently graduated from dental school. (graduated within the last 1-3 years.)
• No hearing impairments or known psychiatric disorders.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Dentists with previous experience in anxiety management techniques.
• Those who have already participated in similar studies.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Group B
Experimental: Group A; which listened to personalized music during the procedure	Other: Music intervention; to evaluate the effectiveness of personalized music playlists in reducing procedural anxiety among young dentists performing crown preparations for porcelain-fused-to-metal (PFM) crowns and to compare the crown preparation performance of students who listened to music with those who did not. • Experimental Group: o Participants in the experimental group were asked to use personalized music playlists during the procedure. These playlists were already available on their personal devices (e.g., smartphones) and reflected their individual music preferences. Participants selected music they found relaxing or enjoyable, ensuring the intervention was tailored to their unique tastes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Anxiety Assessment: trait and state anxiety.	The State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used to measure it	2 minutes after the procedure
Crown preparation was evaluated based on a structured scoring rubric, assessing critical parameters	The preparation was evaluated based on a structured scoring rubric, assessing critical parameters. The scoring was conducted by two experienced prosthodontists who were blinded to the participant's group allocation	2 minutes after the procedure

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Heart rate was recorded before and after the procedure.	Heart rate was recorded before and after the procedure.	immediately after the procedure
Respiratory rate was recorded before and after the procedure.	respiratory rate was recorded before and after the procedure.	immediately after the procedure

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 12, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 11, 2024
• Study Completion (Actual): October 11, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 12, 2025
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 3, 2025
• First Posted (Actual): March 25, 2025

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 27, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 24, 2025
• Last Verified: March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Anxiety Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: SOD/ERB/2025/61

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No