AI-Based Diabetic Foot Recurrence Cohort

February 28, 2026 updated by: Long Zhang, Peking University Third Hospital

Development and Validation of an AI-Based Wound Alert System With a Home-Based Management Model for a Diabetic Foot Recurrence Cohort

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) is a major adverse outcome of diabetes, which itself is one of the most significant chronic diseases. The recurrence of DFU involves multiple risk factors, including altered foot loading patterns, patient compliance, family care capacity, blood glucose monitoring, degree of ischemia, and systemic disease control. Early identification of recurrence signs and timely follow-up interventions are crucial for improving prognosis, reducing disability rates, and lowering healthcare costs. However, traditional follow-up systems lack individualized strategies-such as risk stratification, inflexible follow-up intervals, and insufficient compliance management-often resulting in suboptimal outcomes. High-risk patients prone to recurrence may not be followed up frequently enough for early detection, while low-risk patients may undergo unnecessary visits, increasing burdens on both patients and healthcare providers. This inefficiency contributes significantly to the persistently high rates of disability and mortality among recurrent DFU patients.

Establishing an individualized follow-up strategy for DFU, supported by advanced technology to address core bottlenecks such as delayed recurrence warnings and inadequate home-based management, represents an effective technical pathway to tackle these issues.

Our center proposes to develop a dedicated DFU cohort with comprehensive active follow-up and a multimodal database encompassing well-defined indicators. We aim to explore a high-risk foot grading system for preventing DFU recurrence and design targeted follow-up protocols. By leveraging AI technology, we intend to build a wound warning system capable of identifying DFU recurrence. Furthermore, we seek to establish a telemedicine and AI-assisted, patient-centered home-based self-management framework for early warning and prevention of DFU recurrence.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

200

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

  • Name: Long Zhang Executive Deputy Director, Medical Doctor
  • Phone Number: +86 010-82266699
  • Email: liyunfeng1106@163.com

Study Locations

  • China
    • Beijing Municipality
      • Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China, 100191
        • Peking University Third Hospital
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Sampling Method

Probability Sample

Study Population

Patient with Diabetic Foot Ulcer have just completely healed

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • The patient must be aged 18 years or older; have a confirmed diagnosis of type 1 or type 2 diabetes mellitus according to the World Health Organization criteria; the wound etiology attributable to diabetic foot ulcers, with complete wound healing post-treatment defined as a dry wound devoid of exudate, complete epithelialization of both the wound bed and margins, absence of surrounding erythema or edema, and sufficient tensile strength to withstand pressure without dehiscence; voluntary participation in this study with provision of written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inability of the patient to cooperate or presence of psychiatric disorders; At the investigator's discretion, the subject is deemed unsuitable for this study or unable to comply with the study requirements.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
DFU Healed
The wound etiology was diabetic foot. Post-treatment clinical assessment confirmed complete wound healing, characterized by epithelialization of the wound bed and margins, absence of exudation, no evidence of periwound erythema or edema, and the restoration of adequate tensile strength to withstand physiological stress without dehiscence.
Diagnostic test: Researchers predefined groups based on risk stratification to formulate personalized follow-up strategies.
Management strategies encompass follow-up frequency, AI-assisted foot self-examination, AI-powered glucose monitoring, offloading device utilization, daily step count restriction, patient health education, and compliance assessment.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
One-year recurrence rate of diabetic foot
Time Frame: one year
The recurrence rate of diabetic foot ulcers (%) = (The number of diabetic foot ulcer patients with recurrence within one year / The total number of diabetic foot ulcer patients included in the observation and whose ulcers have healed) × 100%
one year

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
The number of diabetic foot recurrences within one year
Time Frame: one year
The number of diabetic foot recurrences within one year
one year
Recurrence time
Time Frame: one year
The time from wound healing to the first DFU recurrence
one year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Peking University Third Hospital

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

  • [1] Li Y, Teng D, Shi X, et al. Prevalence of diabetes recorded in mainland China using 2018 diagnostic criteria from the American Diabetes Association: national cross-sectional study. BMJ. 2020 Apr 28;369:m997. [2] Edmonds M. A renaissance in diabetic foot care: new evidence-based treatments. Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. 2018;6(11):837-838. [3] Hingorani A, LaMuraglia GM, Henke P, et al. The management of diabetic foot: a clinical practice guideline by the Society for Vascular Surgery in collaboration with the American Podiatric Medical Association and the Society for Vascular Medicine. J Vasc Surg. 2016;63(2) (suppl):3S-21S. [4] Everett E, Mathioudakis N. Update on management of diabetic foot ulcers. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2018;1411(1): 153-165. [5] JeffcoateWJ, Vileikyte L, Boyko EJ, Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM. Current challenges and opportunities in the prevention and management of diabetic foot ulcers. Diabetes Care. 2018;41(4):645-652 [6] Aldana PC, Khachemoune A. Diabetic foot ulcers: appraising standard of care and reviewing new trends in management. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2020;21(2):255-264. [7] Bus SA, Van Netten JJ, Hinchliffe RJ, Apelqvist J, Lipsky BA, Schaper NC; IWGDF Editorial Board. Standards for the development and methodology of the 2019 International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot guidelines. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(suppl 1):e3267. [8] Armstrong DG, Boulton AJM, Bus SA. Diabetic Foot Ulcers and Their Recurrence. N Engl J Med. 2017 Jun 15;376(24):2367-2375. [9] Wukich DK, Sambenedetto TL, Mota NM, Suder NC, Rosario BL. Correlation of SF-36 and SF-12 Component Scores in Patients With Diabetic Foot Disease. J Foot Ankle Surg. 2016 Jul-Aug;55(4):693-6. [10] Baltzis D, Eleftheriadou I, Veves A. Pathogenesis and treatment of impaired wound healing in diabetes mellitus: new insights. Adv Ther. 2014;31(8):817-836. [11] Jalilian M, Ahmadi Sarbarzeh P, Oubari S. Factors related to severity of diabetic foot ulcer: a systematic review. Diabetes Metab Syndr

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

March 15, 2026

Primary Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2027

Study Completion (Estimated)

December 31, 2028

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 28, 2026

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 28, 2026

First Posted (Actual)

March 5, 2026

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 5, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 28, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Long2026-DFU-Reccurren Cohort

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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