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Optimizing Care for Cryptococcal Antigenemia: Evaluation of Short Course Fluconazole and ART Timing Among CrAg+ Persons With Low Titers

2. září 2026 aktualizováno: University of Minnesota

This randomized clinical trial will evaluate the optimal duration of fluconazole therapy and timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation among HIV-infected persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia and low cryptococcal antigen titers in Uganda.

Participants with low-titer cryptococcal antigenemia will be followed to assess whether a shorter 10-week course of fluconazole is non-inferior to the standard 24-week fluconazole regimen for 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival. Among participants eligible for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization, the study will also compare immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation with delayed initiation after 14 days to evaluate 10-week hospitalization-free survival.

Participants will be followed for up to 24 weeks, with study visits and contacts to assess survival, cryptococcal meningitis, hospitalizations, adverse events, and fluconazole adherence.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Zatím nenabíráme

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Detailní popis

Cryptococcal antigenemia can be detected in the blood before the development of symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis and is associated with increased risk of meningitis and death among persons with advanced HIV disease. Current guidelines recommend cryptococcal antigen screening and preemptive fluconazole therapy for persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia, but the optimal duration of fluconazole therapy and the optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation remain uncertain.

This randomized clinical trial will enroll HIV-infected persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia and low cryptococcal antigen titers in Uganda. The study is designed to answer two main questions. First, it will evaluate whether a shorter 10-week course of fluconazole is non-inferior to the standard 24-week fluconazole regimen for 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival. Second, among participants eligible for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization, it will evaluate whether immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation is non-inferior to delayed initiation after 14 days for 10-week hospitalization-free survival.

At enrollment, eligible participants who meet criteria for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization will be randomized to immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation or delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation after 14 days. All participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily beginning at enrollment and continuing for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10. At week 10, participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis will be randomized to stop fluconazole or to continue fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.

Participants will be followed at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, and 24. Study assessments will include interval history, vital status, assessment for signs and symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis, medication review and adherence assessment, physical examination or symptom-directed examination as appropriate, and adverse event monitoring. Participants who miss visits or cannot attend scheduled clinic visits may be contacted by phone or through home visits to assess vital status and meningitis events.

The primary fluconazole-duration endpoint is 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care. The primary antiretroviral therapy timing endpoint is 10-week hospitalization-free survival with retention in care. Secondary endpoints include survival, incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events, hospitalization, death, and fluconazole adherence.

Typ studie

Intervenční

Zápis (Odhadovaný)

505

Fáze

  • Fáze 3

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní kontakt

  • Jméno: Radha Rajasingham, MD
  • Telefonní číslo: 612-625-4680
  • E-mail: radha@umn.edu

Studijní místa

      • Kampala, Uganda
        • Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University
        • Kontakt:
          • Radha Rajasingham, MD
          • Telefonní číslo: 612-625-4680
          • E-mail: radha@umn.edu
        • Vrchní vyšetřovatel:
          • Radha Rajasingham, MD

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dospělý
  • Starší dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ne

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • HIV-1 infection
  • Age greater than 18 years
  • Ability and willingness to give informed consent
  • Plasma or serum cryptococcal antigen positive with titer less than 1:160

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cannot or unlikely to attend regular clinic visits
  • History of cryptococcal infection
  • Symptomatic meningitis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcal antigen positivity
  • More than 10 weeks of fluconazole therapy
  • Pregnancy confirmed by urinary or serum pregnancy test
  • Current breastfeeding

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

  • Primární účel: Léčba
  • Přidělení: Randomizované
  • Intervenční model: Sekvenční přiřazení
  • Maskování: Žádné (otevřený štítek)

Zbraně a zásahy

Skupina účastníků / Arm
Intervence / Léčba
Experimentální: Immediate ART + 10-Week Fluconazole Arm Type:
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will initiate antiretroviral therapy immediately at enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated immediately at enrollment for participants randomized to immediate ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Experimentální: Immediate ART + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will initiate antiretroviral therapy immediately at enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated immediately at enrollment for participants randomized to immediate ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.
Experimentální: Delayed ART + 10-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will delay antiretroviral therapy initiation until 14 days after enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated 14 days after enrollment for participants randomized to delayed ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Aktivní komparátor: Delayed ART + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will delay antiretroviral therapy initiation until 14 days after enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated 14 days after enrollment for participants randomized to delayed ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Experimentální: ART-Experienced + 10-Week Fluconazole
Participants who are already receiving ART or are not eligible for ART timing randomization will continue ART per standard clinical care. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Aktivní komparátor: ART-Experienced + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants who are already receiving ART or are not eligible for ART timing randomization will continue ART per standard clinical care. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care
Časové okno: 24 weeks
Cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care at 24 weeks will be compared between participants randomized to 10 weeks of fluconazole and participants randomized to 24 weeks of fluconazole. Participants who develop cryptococcal meningitis, die, or are not retained in care will be considered treatment failures.
24 weeks
10-week hospitalization-free survival with retention in care
Časové okno: 10 weeks
Hospitalization-free survival with retention in care at 10 weeks will be compared between participants randomized to immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation and participants randomized to delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation. Hospitalization-free survival will include assessment of events such as meningitis, serious opportunistic infections, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome events, hospitalization, death, and retention in care.
10 weeks

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Incidence of grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events
Časové okno: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events will be assessed among enrolled participants.
Up to 24 weeks
24-week known survival
Časové okno: 24 weeks
Known survival at 24 weeks will be assessed. Death and loss to follow-up will be considered therapeutic failures.
24 weeks
Incidence of cryptococcal meningitis
Časové okno: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of cryptococcal meningitis will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of hospitalization
Časové okno: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of hospitalization, irrespective of cause, will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of death
Časové okno: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of death, irrespective of cause, will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Fluconazole adherence
Časové okno: Up to 24 weeks
Fluconazole adherence will be assessed using self-reported compliance, pharmacy records, and tablet counts when available.
Up to 24 weeks

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

Vyšetřovatelé

  • Vrchní vyšetřovatel: Radha Rajasingham, MD, University of Minnesota

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Odhadovaný)

5. ledna 2027

Primární dokončení (Odhadovaný)

30. srpna 2031

Dokončení studie (Odhadovaný)

30. srpna 2031

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

30. července 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

30. července 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

4. srpna 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

3. září 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

2. září 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. září 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • STUDY00024821

Informace o lécích a zařízeních, studijní dokumenty

Studuje lékový produkt regulovaný americkým FDA

Ne

Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

produkt vyrobený a vyvážený z USA

Ne

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