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Optimizing Care for Cryptococcal Antigenemia: Evaluation of Short Course Fluconazole and ART Timing Among CrAg+ Persons With Low Titers

2. September 2026 aktualisiert von: University of Minnesota

This randomized clinical trial will evaluate the optimal duration of fluconazole therapy and timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation among HIV-infected persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia and low cryptococcal antigen titers in Uganda.

Participants with low-titer cryptococcal antigenemia will be followed to assess whether a shorter 10-week course of fluconazole is non-inferior to the standard 24-week fluconazole regimen for 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival. Among participants eligible for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization, the study will also compare immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation with delayed initiation after 14 days to evaluate 10-week hospitalization-free survival.

Participants will be followed for up to 24 weeks, with study visits and contacts to assess survival, cryptococcal meningitis, hospitalizations, adverse events, and fluconazole adherence.

Studienübersicht

Status

Noch keine Rekrutierung

Bedingungen

Intervention / Behandlung

Detaillierte Beschreibung

Cryptococcal antigenemia can be detected in the blood before the development of symptomatic cryptococcal meningitis and is associated with increased risk of meningitis and death among persons with advanced HIV disease. Current guidelines recommend cryptococcal antigen screening and preemptive fluconazole therapy for persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia, but the optimal duration of fluconazole therapy and the optimal timing of antiretroviral therapy initiation remain uncertain.

This randomized clinical trial will enroll HIV-infected persons with asymptomatic cryptococcal antigenemia and low cryptococcal antigen titers in Uganda. The study is designed to answer two main questions. First, it will evaluate whether a shorter 10-week course of fluconazole is non-inferior to the standard 24-week fluconazole regimen for 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival. Second, among participants eligible for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization, it will evaluate whether immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation is non-inferior to delayed initiation after 14 days for 10-week hospitalization-free survival.

At enrollment, eligible participants who meet criteria for antiretroviral therapy timing randomization will be randomized to immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation or delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation after 14 days. All participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily beginning at enrollment and continuing for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10. At week 10, participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis will be randomized to stop fluconazole or to continue fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.

Participants will be followed at weeks 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 16, 20, and 24. Study assessments will include interval history, vital status, assessment for signs and symptoms of cryptococcal meningitis, medication review and adherence assessment, physical examination or symptom-directed examination as appropriate, and adverse event monitoring. Participants who miss visits or cannot attend scheduled clinic visits may be contacted by phone or through home visits to assess vital status and meningitis events.

The primary fluconazole-duration endpoint is 24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care. The primary antiretroviral therapy timing endpoint is 10-week hospitalization-free survival with retention in care. Secondary endpoints include survival, incidence of cryptococcal meningitis, grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events, hospitalization, death, and fluconazole adherence.

Studientyp

Interventionell

Einschreibung (Geschätzt)

505

Phase

  • Phase 3

Kontakte und Standorte

Dieser Abschnitt enthält die Kontaktdaten derjenigen, die die Studie durchführen, und Informationen darüber, wo diese Studie durchgeführt wird.

Studienkontakt

  • Name: Radha Rajasingham, MD
  • Telefonnummer: 612-625-4680
  • E-Mail: radha@umn.edu

Studienorte

      • Kampala, Uganda
        • Infectious Diseases Institute, Makerere University
        • Kontakt:
          • Radha Rajasingham, MD
          • Telefonnummer: 612-625-4680
          • E-Mail: radha@umn.edu
        • Hauptermittler:
          • Radha Rajasingham, MD

Teilnahmekriterien

Forscher suchen nach Personen, die einer bestimmten Beschreibung entsprechen, die als Auswahlkriterien bezeichnet werden. Einige Beispiele für diese Kriterien sind der allgemeine Gesundheitszustand einer Person oder frühere Behandlungen.

Zulassungskriterien

Studienberechtigtes Alter

  • Erwachsene
  • Älterer Erwachsener

Akzeptiert gesunde Freiwillige

Nein

Beschreibung

Inclusion Criteria:

  • HIV-1 infection
  • Age greater than 18 years
  • Ability and willingness to give informed consent
  • Plasma or serum cryptococcal antigen positive with titer less than 1:160

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Cannot or unlikely to attend regular clinic visits
  • History of cryptococcal infection
  • Symptomatic meningitis confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid cryptococcal antigen positivity
  • More than 10 weeks of fluconazole therapy
  • Pregnancy confirmed by urinary or serum pregnancy test
  • Current breastfeeding

Studienplan

Dieser Abschnitt enthält Einzelheiten zum Studienplan, einschließlich des Studiendesigns und der Messung der Studieninhalte.

Wie ist die Studie aufgebaut?

Designdetails

  • Hauptzweck: Behandlung
  • Zuteilung: Zufällig
  • Interventionsmodell: Sequenzielle Zuweisung
  • Maskierung: Keine (Offenes Etikett)

Waffen und Interventionen

Teilnehmergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandlung
Experimental: Immediate ART + 10-Week Fluconazole Arm Type:
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will initiate antiretroviral therapy immediately at enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated immediately at enrollment for participants randomized to immediate ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Experimental: Immediate ART + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will initiate antiretroviral therapy immediately at enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated immediately at enrollment for participants randomized to immediate ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.
Experimental: Delayed ART + 10-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will delay antiretroviral therapy initiation until 14 days after enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated 14 days after enrollment for participants randomized to delayed ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Aktiver Komparator: Delayed ART + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants eligible for ART timing randomization will delay antiretroviral therapy initiation until 14 days after enrollment. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.
Antiretroviral therapy will be initiated 14 days after enrollment for participants randomized to delayed ART initiation. ART drug choice will be per clinical standard of care.
Experimental: ART-Experienced + 10-Week Fluconazole
Participants who are already receiving ART or are not eligible for ART timing randomization will continue ART per standard clinical care. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will stop fluconazole after completing 10 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then stop fluconazole.
Aktiver Komparator: ART-Experienced + 24-Week Fluconazole
Participants who are already receiving ART or are not eligible for ART timing randomization will continue ART per standard clinical care. Participants who are alive and have not developed cryptococcal meningitis at week 10 will continue fluconazole through 24 weeks of preemptive fluconazole therapy.
Participants will receive fluconazole 800 mg daily for 14 days, followed by fluconazole 400 mg daily through week 10, then fluconazole 200 mg daily for an additional 14 weeks, for a total fluconazole duration of 24 weeks.

Was misst die Studie?

Primäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
24-week cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care
Zeitfenster: 24 weeks
Cryptococcal meningitis-free survival with retention in care at 24 weeks will be compared between participants randomized to 10 weeks of fluconazole and participants randomized to 24 weeks of fluconazole. Participants who develop cryptococcal meningitis, die, or are not retained in care will be considered treatment failures.
24 weeks
10-week hospitalization-free survival with retention in care
Zeitfenster: 10 weeks
Hospitalization-free survival with retention in care at 10 weeks will be compared between participants randomized to immediate antiretroviral therapy initiation and participants randomized to delayed antiretroviral therapy initiation. Hospitalization-free survival will include assessment of events such as meningitis, serious opportunistic infections, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome events, hospitalization, death, and retention in care.
10 weeks

Sekundäre Ergebnismessungen

Ergebnis Maßnahme
Maßnahmenbeschreibung
Zeitfenster
Incidence of grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events
Zeitfenster: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of grade 3 to 5 clinical adverse events or serious adverse events will be assessed among enrolled participants.
Up to 24 weeks
24-week known survival
Zeitfenster: 24 weeks
Known survival at 24 weeks will be assessed. Death and loss to follow-up will be considered therapeutic failures.
24 weeks
Incidence of cryptococcal meningitis
Zeitfenster: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of cryptococcal meningitis will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of hospitalization
Zeitfenster: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of hospitalization, irrespective of cause, will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of death
Zeitfenster: Up to 24 weeks
Incidence of death, irrespective of cause, will be assessed during study follow-up.
Up to 24 weeks
Fluconazole adherence
Zeitfenster: Up to 24 weeks
Fluconazole adherence will be assessed using self-reported compliance, pharmacy records, and tablet counts when available.
Up to 24 weeks

Mitarbeiter und Ermittler

Hier finden Sie Personen und Organisationen, die an dieser Studie beteiligt sind.

Sponsor

Ermittler

  • Hauptermittler: Radha Rajasingham, MD, University of Minnesota

Studienaufzeichnungsdaten

Diese Daten verfolgen den Fortschritt der Übermittlung von Studienaufzeichnungen und zusammenfassenden Ergebnissen an ClinicalTrials.gov. Studienaufzeichnungen und gemeldete Ergebnisse werden von der National Library of Medicine (NLM) überprüft, um sicherzustellen, dass sie bestimmten Qualitätskontrollstandards entsprechen, bevor sie auf der öffentlichen Website veröffentlicht werden.

Haupttermine studieren

Studienbeginn (Geschätzt)

5. Januar 2027

Primärer Abschluss (Geschätzt)

30. August 2031

Studienabschluss (Geschätzt)

30. August 2031

Studienanmeldedaten

Zuerst eingereicht

30. Juli 2026

Zuerst eingereicht, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt hat

30. Juli 2026

Zuerst gepostet (Tatsächlich)

4. August 2026

Studienaufzeichnungsaktualisierungen

Letztes Update gepostet (Tatsächlich)

3. September 2026

Letztes eingereichtes Update, das die QC-Kriterien erfüllt

2. September 2026

Zuletzt verifiziert

1. September 2026

Mehr Informationen

Begriffe im Zusammenhang mit dieser Studie

Andere Studien-ID-Nummern

  • STUDY00024821

Arzneimittel- und Geräteinformationen, Studienunterlagen

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Arzneimittelprodukt

Nein

Studiert ein von der US-amerikanischen FDA reguliertes Geräteprodukt

Nein

Produkt, das in den USA hergestellt und aus den USA exportiert wird

Nein

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