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Expert-Validated ChatGPT Support for Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation (ABG-AI RCT)

24. září 2026 aktualizováno: Semih Musa Coşkun, Izmir Katip Celebi University

Expert-Validated Generative AI Support for Arterial Blood Gas Interpretation in Early-Career Non-Specialist Physicians: A Randomized Controlled Study

This randomized controlled study evaluated whether expert-validated ChatGPT support improved arterial blood gas (ABG) interpretation performance among early-career non-specialist physicians. Participants completed a baseline assessment consisting of 11 standardized clinical scenarios covering five domains of ABG interpretation. Eligible participants who entered the reassessment phase were randomly assigned to either an AI-supported group or a control group.

One week after baseline assessment, participants completed a posttest using the same clinical scenarios. The AI-supported group received expert-validated ChatGPT responses before answering each case, whereas the control group completed the assessment without AI support.

The primary outcome was posttest total ABG interpretation accuracy across 55 scored items, compared between groups after adjustment for baseline accuracy. Secondary outcomes included changes in total accuracy, domain-specific accuracy, case-level performance, and item-level accuracy.

Přehled studie

Postavení

Dokončeno

Podmínky

Intervence / Léčba

Typ studie

Intervenční

Zápis (Aktuální)

161

Fáze

  • Nelze použít

Kontakty a umístění

Tato část poskytuje kontaktní údaje pro ty, kteří studii provádějí, a informace o tom, kde se tato studie provádí.

Studijní místa

    • Gaziantep
      • Gaziantep, Gaziantep, Turecko (Türkiye)
        • Gaziantep City Hospital

Kritéria účasti

Výzkumníci hledají lidi, kteří odpovídají určitému popisu, kterému se říká kritéria způsobilosti. Některé příklady těchto kritérií jsou celkový zdravotní stav osoby nebo předchozí léčba.

Kritéria způsobilosti

Věk způsobilý ke studiu

  • Dítě
  • Dospělý
  • Starší dospělý

Přijímá zdravé dobrovolníky

Ano

Pohlaví způsobilá ke studiu

Všechno

Popis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Fewer than five years of postgraduate clinical experience
  • Actively involved in patient care
  • Had not completed specialty training

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Residents
  • Specialists
  • Physicians not actively assessing patients
  • Incomplete, duplicate, or unmatchable pretest-posttest records

Studijní plán

Tato část poskytuje podrobnosti o studijním plánu, včetně toho, jak je studie navržena a co studie měří.

Jak je studie koncipována?

Detaily designu

  • Primární účel: Jiný
  • Přidělení: Randomizované
  • Intervenční model: Paralelní přiřazení
  • Maskování: Žádné (otevřený štítek)

Zbraně a zásahy

Skupina účastníků / Arm
Intervence / Léčba
Žádný zásah: Control group

Participants completed the 11 ABG cases without receiving any AI response, explanation, or recommendation

Experimentální: AI-Supported Group

Before each of the 11 ABG cases, participants viewed the expert-validated ChatGPT response before providing their own answers.

Before each of the 11 arterial blood gas (ABG) cases, participants viewed a standardized ChatGPT response that had been independently validated against the expert reference key by three physician experts. The response addressed five scored domains and included a brief rationale. Participants then provided their own answers to each case.

Co je měření studie?

Primární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Posttest Total ABG Interpretation Accuracy
Časové okno: One week after baseline assessment

Total accuracy across 55 scored items, comprising five scored domains for each of 11 ABG cases. Each item was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0), and total accuracy was calculated as the number of correct responses divided by 55 × 100. The primary analysis compared posttest total accuracy between the AI-supported and control groups, adjusted for baseline total accuracy.

One week after baseline assessment

Sekundární výstupní opatření

Měření výsledku
Popis opatření
Časové okno
Change in Total ABG Interpretation Accuracy From Pretest to Posttest
Časové okno: From baseline to one week after baseline assessment

Change in total ABG interpretation accuracy from baseline (pretest) to the one-week posttest was assessed within each study group. Total accuracy was calculated across 55 scored items as the number of correct responses divided by 55 × 100.

From baseline to one week after baseline assessment
Between-Group Difference in Change in Total ABG Interpretation Accuracy
Časové okno: From baseline to one week after baseline assessment

The change in total ABG interpretation accuracy from baseline to posttest was compared between the AI-supported and control groups. Change scores were calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy.

From baseline to one week after baseline assessment
Change From Baseline in Primary Acid-Base Disorder Identification Accuracy on an 11-Item Assessment
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Accuracy in identifying the primary acid-base disorder was calculated as the number of correct responses across 11 arterial blood gas cases divided by 11 and multiplied by 100. Each response was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0). The outcome was the change in accuracy from baseline to posttest, calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy and expressed in percentage points. Possible change scores ranged from -100 to +100 percentage points, with positive values indicating improved accuracy.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Acute Asthma Exacerbation Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the acute asthma exacerbation case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Item-Level ABG Interpretation Accuracy
Časové okno: One week after baseline assessment

Item-level performance was evaluated across the 55 scored items, comprising five scored domains for each of the 11 ABG cases. The probability of a correct response for individual items was compared between the AI-supported and control groups.

One week after baseline assessment
Change From Baseline in Acid-Base Compensation Assessment Accuracy on an 11-Item Assessment
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Accuracy in assessing acid-base compensation was calculated as the number of correct responses across 11 arterial blood gas cases divided by 11 and multiplied by 100. Each response was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0). The outcome was the change in accuracy from baseline to posttest, calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy and expressed in percentage points. Possible change scores ranged from -100 to +100 percentage points, with positive values indicating improved accuracy.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Change From Baseline in Electrolyte and Anion Gap Assessment Accuracy on an 11-Item Assessment
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Accuracy in assessing electrolyte and anion gap findings was calculated as the number of correct responses across 11 arterial blood gas cases divided by 11 and multiplied by 100. Each response was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0). The outcome was the change in accuracy from baseline to posttest, calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy and expressed in percentage points. Possible change scores ranged from -100 to +100 percentage points, with positive values indicating improved accuracy.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Change From Baseline in Clinical Diagnosis Identification Accuracy on an 11-Item Assessment
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Accuracy in identifying the most likely clinical diagnosis was calculated as the number of correct responses across 11 arterial blood gas cases divided by 11 and multiplied by 100. Each response was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0). The outcome was the change in accuracy from baseline to posttest, calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy and expressed in percentage points. Possible change scores ranged from -100 to +100 percentage points, with positive values indicating improved accuracy.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Change From Baseline in Clinical Management Decision Accuracy on an 11-Item Assessment
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Accuracy in selecting appropriate clinical management was calculated as the number of correct responses across 11 arterial blood gas cases divided by 11 and multiplied by 100. Each response was scored as correct (1) or incorrect (0). The outcome was the change in accuracy from baseline to posttest, calculated as posttest accuracy minus baseline accuracy and expressed in percentage points. Possible change scores ranged from -100 to +100 percentage points, with positive values indicating improved accuracy.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Acute COPD Exacerbation Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the acute COPD exacerbation case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Methanol Intoxication Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the methanol intoxication case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Diabetic Ketoacidosis Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the diabetic ketoacidosis case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Carbon Monoxide Intoxication Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the carbon monoxide intoxication case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Acute Kidney Injury on Chronic Kidney Disease With Hyperkalemia Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the acute kidney injury on chronic kidney disease with hyperkalemia case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Pulmonary Embolism Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the pulmonary embolism case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Panic Attack With Hyperventilation Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the panic attack with hyperventilation case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Diuretic-Associated Metabolic Alkalosis Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the diuretic-associated metabolic alkalosis case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Hypoglycemia Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the hypoglycemia case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment
Number of Participants by Change Category in Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding With Hypovolemic Shock Case Interpretation Score
Časové okno: Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

For the upper gastrointestinal bleeding with hypovolemic shock case, each participant received one point for each correct response across five predefined assessment domains, yielding a case-specific score ranging from 0 to 5. The posttest score was compared with the baseline score for the same case. Participants were classified into three mutually exclusive categories: improvement (posttest score greater than baseline score), no change (posttest score equal to baseline score), or deterioration (posttest score lower than baseline score). The number of participants in each category was recorded separately for the AI-supported and control groups.

Baseline and one week after baseline assessment

Spolupracovníci a vyšetřovatelé

Zde najdete lidi a organizace zapojené do této studie.

Sponzor

Vyšetřovatelé

  • Vrchní vyšetřovatel: Coşkun, MD, Gaziantep City Hospital

Termíny studijních záznamů

Tato data sledují průběh záznamů studie a předkládání souhrnných výsledků na ClinicalTrials.gov. Záznamy ze studií a hlášené výsledky jsou před zveřejněním na veřejné webové stránce přezkoumány Národní lékařskou knihovnou (NLM), aby se ujistily, že splňují specifické standardy kontroly kvality.

Hlavní termíny studia

Začátek studia (Aktuální)

20. května 2026

Primární dokončení (Aktuální)

5. června 2026

Dokončení studie (Aktuální)

5. června 2026

Termíny zápisu do studia

První předloženo

18. září 2026

První předloženo, které splnilo kritéria kontroly kvality

24. září 2026

První zveřejněno (Aktuální)

30. září 2026

Aktualizace studijních záznamů

Poslední zveřejněná aktualizace (Aktuální)

30. září 2026

Odeslaná poslední aktualizace, která splnila kritéria kontroly kvality

24. září 2026

Naposledy ověřeno

1. září 2026

Více informací

Termíny související s touto studií

Další identifikační čísla studie

  • 0449

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Studuje produkt zařízení regulovaný americkým úřadem FDA

Ne

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