Cardiometabolic Effects of Low-Fat and Full-Fat Dairy
Cardiometabolic Effects of Low-Fat and Full-Fat Dairy in Healthy and Cardiometabolically At-Risk Adults
Studieoversigt
Status
Status
Betingelser
Betingelser
Intervention / Behandling
Intervention / Behandling
Detaljeret beskrivelse
The overarching goal of this clinical trial is to characterize and compare the effect of full-fat dairy to low-fat dairy on low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk factors in healthy adults and those at risk for CMD. This goal will be achieved with the following objectives:
- Characterize the effect of full-fat dairy compared to low-fat dairy on LDL-C and other CMD risk factors in healthy adults and adults at risk for CMD after 6 weeks.
- Compare the effect of full-fat dairy to low-fat dairy in healthy adults vs. adults at risk for CMD after 6 weeks.
This clinical trial will test two hypotheses: 1) intake of 3 cup-equivalents/day of full-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese) has equivalent effects on LDL-C and other CMD risk factors to 3 cup-equivalents/day of low-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese) in adults with normal BMI and optimal/near optimal LDL-C, and in adults with overweight/obesity and elevated LDL-C after 6 weeks; 2) the effect of full-fat dairy on LDL-C and other CMD risk factors, compared to low-fat dairy, is equivalent in adults with normal BMI and optimal/near optimal LDL-C compared to adults with overweight/obesity and elevated LDL-C after 6 weeks. This trial is expected to demonstrate equivalent effects of full-fat and low-fat dairy on LDL-C and other CMD risk factors in both healthy and at-risk adults.
This is a randomized clinical trial with 2 groups of adults. Group 1 will include adults with normal BMI (18.5 -24.9 kg/m2) and optimal/near optimal LDL-C (≤ 129 mg/dL). Group 2 will include adults with overweight/obesity (25-39.9 kg/m2) and elevated LDL-C (130-190 mg/dL). Within each group, subjects will undergo two 6-week dietary conditions in random sequence order, separated by a 4-week washout: 1) 3 cup-equivalents/day of full-fat dairy; 2) 3 cup-equivalents/day of low-fat dairy. Outcomes will be assessed at the start and end of each period.
Undersøgelsestype
Undersøgelsestype
Tilmelding (Anslået)
Tilmelding
Fase
Fase
- Ikke anvendelig
Kontakter og lokationer
Studiekontakt
Studiekontakt
- Navn: Kristina Petersen, PhD
- Telefonnummer: 814-865-7206
- E-mail: kup63@psu.edu
Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup
- Navn: Stacey Meily
- Telefonnummer: 814-863-8622
- E-mail: sas117@psu.edu
Deltagelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Berettigelseskriterier
Aldre berettiget til at studere
- Voksen
- Ældre voksen
Tager imod sunde frivillige
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- BMI 18.5 to 39.9 kg/m2
- LDL-C ≤190 mg/dL assessed by the Modified Sampson-NIH Equation
- Currently consume milk, yogurt, and/or cheese daily
- Willing to eat 3 servings of dairy (milk, yogurt, cheese) for two 6-week periods during the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- Hemoglobin <13.2 g/dL for men or < 11.7 g/dL for women at screening
- Fasting triglycerides >350 mg/dL at screening
- ≥10% change in body weight within the 6 months prior to enrollment
- Blood pressure >140/90 mmHg at screening
- Fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL
- Type 1 or type 2 diabetes
- Takes any (prescription or over-the-counter) anti-hypertensive, lipid-lowering, glucose-lowering or anti-inflammatory drugs, or drugs that alter body weight
- Intake of supplements that affect the outcomes of interest (i.e., lipids, blood pressure, glucose, body weight, inflammation and microbiome) and are unwilling to cease during the study period.
- Unwilling to refrain from starting to take any supplements, vitamins, nutritional products, or health foods that are not prescribed by a doctor for the duration of the study
- History of liver, kidney, or autoimmune disease
- Prior cardiovascular event (e.g., stroke, heart attack)
- Current pregnancy or intention of pregnancy within the next 12 months
- Lactation within the prior 6 months
- Dairy allergy/intolerance/sensitivity/dislike
- Antibiotic use within the prior four weeks
- Oral steroid use within the prior four weeks
- Use of tobacco or nicotine-containing products within the past 6 months
- History of cancer at any site within the past 10 years (eligible if ≥10 years without recurrence) or non-melanoma skin cancer within the past 5 years (eligible if ≥5 years without recurrence)
- Participation in another clinical trial within 60 days of baseline
- Currently following a restricted or weight-loss diet
- Prior bariatric surgery
- Intake of >14 alcoholic drinks/week and/or not willing to avoid alcohol consumption for 48 hours prior to test visits
- Does not speak and/or understand English
- Unwilling to refrain from donating blood and/or plasma during the study
- Weight <110 lb
- Lactose intolerance or sensitivity
- Unwilling to contact study staff before enrolling in other health-related research and avoid participating in any research that may interfere with this study
- For individuals taking thyroid medication: abnormal thyroid stimulated hormone (TSH) concentration, or change in dose of thyroid medication within the last 6 months
- Principal Investigator discretion related to the potential participant's ability to adhere to the study requirements, including being able to come to attend visits
Studieplan
Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?
Design detaljer
- Primært formål: Andet
- Tildeling: Randomiseret
- Interventionel model: Crossover opgave
- Maskning: Enkelt
Antal våben
Våben og indgreb
Deltagergruppe / ArmDeltagergruppe / Arm |
Intervention / BehandlingIntervention / Behandling |
|---|---|
|
Eksperimentel: Healthy Adults
Adults with normal BMI (18.5 -24.9 kg/m2) and optimal/near optimal LDL-C (≤ 129 mg/dL).
|
3 cup-equivalents/day of full-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese)
3 cup-equivalents/day of low-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese)
|
|
Eksperimentel: Adults at risk for cardiometabolic diseases
Adults with overweight/obesity (25-39.9
kg/m2) and elevated LDL-C (130-190 mg/dL
|
3 cup-equivalents/day of full-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese)
3 cup-equivalents/day of low-fat dairy (milk, yogurt & cheese)
|
Hvad måler undersøgelsen?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
LDL-cholesterol change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
LDL-cholesterol will be calculated via the Modified Sampson-NIH Equation.
Change in LDL-cholesterol will be calculated as the mean of the end of intervention measures (i.e., mean of day 1 and day 2 values) minus the mean of the pre-intervention measures (i.e., mean of day 1 and day 2 values).
|
6 weeks
|
Sekundære resultatmål
Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
Apolipoprotein B change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Triglycerides change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Total cholesterol change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
HDL-cholesterol change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
non-HDL cholesterol change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Glucose change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/dL.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Insulin change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in micro IU/ml.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Fructosamine change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in umol/L.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Calculated from insulin and glucose measured from a fasting blood sample.
Calculated as (insulin × glucose) / 22.5
|
6 weeks
|
|
C-reactive protein change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Assessed from fasting blood draw expressed in mg/L.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Body weight change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Measured in the fasting state using a calibrated electronic scale.
|
6 weeks
|
|
Brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Measured in the fasting state using a SphymoCor Xcel (Atcor Medical)
|
6 weeks
|
|
Central systolic and diastolic blood pressure change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Measured in the fasting state using a SphymoCor Xcel (Atcor Medical)
|
6 weeks
|
|
Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Measured in the fasting state using a SphymoCor Xcel (Atcor Medical)
|
6 weeks
|
|
Diet quality change
Tidsramme: 6 weeks
|
Healthy Eating Index-2020 assessed using 24-hour recalls
|
6 weeks
|
Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Efterforskere
Efterforskere
- Ledende efterforsker: Kristina Petersen, PhD, The Pennsylvania State University
Datoer for undersøgelser
Studer store datoer
Studiestart (Anslået)
Studiestart
Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)
Primær færdiggørelse
Studieafslutning (Anslået)
Studieafslutning
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først indsendt
Først indsendt
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier
Først opslået (Faktiske)
Først opslået
Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler
Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)
Sidste opdatering sendt
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier
Sidst verificeret
Sidst verificeret
Mere information
Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse
Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
Andre undersøgelses-id-numre
- DAIRY
Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)
Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?
IPD-delingstidsramme
IPD-deling Understøttende informationstype
- STUDY_PROTOCOL
- SAP
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