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Assessment of Ovarian Reserve in the Treatment of Ovarian Endometrioma With Cystectomy or Argon Plasma Coagulation: A Aandomized Clinical Trial

Endometriosis is a benign, chronic, and often recurrent gynecological disease affecting approximately 10% of women of reproductive age. Among the different manifestations of the disease, ovarian endometrioma represents one of the most common forms, occurring in up to 50% of affected patients. Endometriomas may cause progressive damage to ovarian tissue through both mechanical effects and direct toxic effects related to the inflammatory and oxidative content of the cyst, ultimately leading to a reduction in ovarian reserve.

When medical treatment is insufficient or not indicated, surgery represents a therapeutic option. The aim of surgery is to remove the cyst while minimizing the risk of recurrence and preserving as much healthy ovarian tissue as possible. Currently, the most widely used surgical technique is laparoscopic cystectomy performed by stripping the cyst capsule. However, this procedure may result in the inadvertent removal of healthy ovarian tissue and a consequent reduction in ovarian reserve.

In recent years, ablative surgical techniques have been developed with the aim of reducing damage to the ovarian parenchyma. Among these, Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) is a technique that uses a high-energy argon plasma jet to vaporize and coagulate superficial tissues. From a histological perspective, APC induces limited-depth tissue necrosis, generally confined to the cyst capsule, potentially reducing the risk of damage to the underlying ovarian tissue. In addition, this technology may offer practical and economic advantages.

Several studies suggest that ablative techniques may have a lower impact on ovarian reserve compared with cystectomy, as assessed by antral follicle count and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, a reliable biomarker of ovarian reserve. However, the available evidence mainly derives from observational studies or studies using ablative technologies different from the one investigated in the present study. Furthermore, the systematic use of ablative techniques remains controversial in clinical practice, partly because of the potential risk of recurrence associated with residual endometriotic tissue.

To date, no randomized clinical trials have directly compared the impact of APC versus cystectomy on ovarian reserve in patients with ovarian endometrioma. Moreover, data are lacking regarding recurrence risk, post-treatment ovarian ultrasound characteristics following APC ablation, and the histological effects of this technique on endometriotic cysts.

In light of these considerations, the present randomized clinical trial aims to compare the effect of cystectomy and Argon Plasma Coagulation ablation on the preservation of ovarian reserve in patients undergoing surgical treatment for ovarian endometrioma, while also evaluating ultrasound outcomes and recurrence risk during follow-up.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

146

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

Studiesteder

    • Bologna
      • Bologna, Bologna, Italien, 40138
        • IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna
        • Kontakt:

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Symptomatic patients (pain and/or infertility) affected by ovarian endometriomas (unilateral or bilateral).
  • Age between 18 and 40 years.
  • Ultrasound diagnosis of one or more mono- or bilateral endometriotic cysts, with a maximum overall diameter (per ovary) ≤ 80 mm and at least one cyst diameter ≥ 20 mm.
  • Use of hormonal therapy for at least 1 month prior to surgery.
  • Willingness to undergo follow-up at 40-60 days and 12 months, according to clinical practice.
  • Willingness to receive postoperative hormonal therapy, according to clinical practice, to minimize the risk of recurrence.
  • Written informed consent obtained.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of unilateral ovariectomy/adnexectomy or hysterectomy.
  • Ultrasound evidence of other non-endometriotic ovarian cysts requiring surgical removal.
  • Atypical endometrioma or ultrasound suspicion of malignancy.
  • Previous surgery on one or both ovaries within 12 months prior to surgery.
  • Known or suspected active oncological disease.
  • Inability to undergo transvaginal ultrasound examination (patients with intact hymen).

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Argon Plasma Coagulation (APC) ablation
Cyst opening and drainage, ablation of the inner surface of the cyst capsule using APC, and multiple biopsies of the cyst capsule.
Cyst opening and drainage, ablation of the inner surface of the cyst capsule using APC, and multiple biopsies of the cyst capsule.
Ingen indgriben: Cystectomy
Removal of the cyst capsule using the stripping technique, followed by ultra-selective hemostasis with bipolar energy and suturing of the ovarian parenchyma for hemostatic and reconstructive purposes (when indicated).

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Late effects of APC or cystectomy on the AFC of the treated ovary
Tidsramme: 12 months after surgery (T2).
Change in antral follicle count (ΔAFC) of the treated ovary between baseline (T0) and 12 months (T2).
12 months after surgery (T2).

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Early effects of APC or cystectomy on the AFC of the treated ovary
Tidsramme: 40-60 days after surgery (T1).
Change in antral follicle count (ΔAFC) of the treated ovary between baseline (T0) and 40-60 days after surgery (T1).
40-60 days after surgery (T1).
Late effects of APC or cystectomy on serum AMH levels
Tidsramme: 12 months after surgery (T2).
Change in serum AMH levels (ΔAMH) between baseline (T0) and 12 months (T2).
12 months after surgery (T2).
Early effects of APC or cystectomy on serum AMH levels
Tidsramme: 40-60 days after surgery (T1).
Change in serum AMH levels (ΔAMH) between baseline (T0) and 40-60 days after surgery (T1).
40-60 days after surgery (T1).
Temporal pattern of AFC variation
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 40-60 days after surgery (T1), 12 months after surgery (T2)
Antral follicle count (AFC) values of the ovary treated with APC and cystectomy
Baseline (T0), 40-60 days after surgery (T1), 12 months after surgery (T2)
Temporal pattern of AMH variation
Tidsramme: Baseline (T0), 40-60 days after surgery (T1), 12 months after surgery (T2)
Serum AMH levels in patients undergoing APC and cystectomy
Baseline (T0), 40-60 days after surgery (T1), 12 months after surgery (T2)
Ultrasound appearance of the ovary treated with APC
Tidsramme: 40-60 days after surgery (T1)
Presence/absence of an ovarian cyst; cyst volume; cyst echogenicity (isoechoic, hyperechoic, hypoechoic, ground-glass appearance).
40-60 days after surgery (T1)
Ultrasound recurrence rate of endometrioma
Tidsramme: 12 months after surgery (T2)
Presence/absence of an ovarian cyst with ground-glass content ≥ 10 mm
12 months after surgery (T2)
Histological appearance of the capsule of endometriomas treated with APC
Tidsramme: 40-60 days after surgery (T1), (during histological analysis of surgical specimens)
Maximum depth of necrosis; persistence of endometriotic foci
40-60 days after surgery (T1), (during histological analysis of surgical specimens)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

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Sponsor

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

8. juni 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

8. juni 2028

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

8. december 2029

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

19. juni 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

19. juni 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

24. juni 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

24. juni 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

19. juni 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. juni 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • ARG-OMA

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