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Efficacy of A Non-Invasive Botulinum Toxin Microneedle Pad for the Treatment of Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon (Botox SSc-RP)

13. august 2026 opdateret af: Chingching Foocharoen, Khon Kaen University

Efficacy of A Non-Invasive Botulinum Toxin Microneedle Pad for the Treatment of Secondary Raynaud's Phenomenon and Digital Ulcers in Systemic Sclerosis: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial

Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP), a vasospastic disorder causing digital ischemia and potential tissue necrosis, is effectively treated with Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTX-A) in refractory cases. However, standard administration requires painful, invasive injections that risk infection and localized muscle weakness. To address these limitations, this randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study evaluates a microneedle delivery system designed to reach the dermis while avoiding systemic circulation. By penetrating 70-80% of their height, these microneedles aim to improve hand function and symptom scores for adult systemic sclerosis patients through a more comfortable, portable, and less invasive method that increases delivery surface area while minimizing pain.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Background

Botulinum toxin-A (BTX-A) has demonstrated effectiveness in treating Raynaud's phenomenon in systemic sclerosis (RP-SSc) by improving hand function and condition scores. The current standard of care requires BTX-A to be administered via multiple, painful invasive injections, which carry recognized risks including local infection at injection sites and transient localized intrinsic hand muscle weakness due to toxin diffusion. Microneedles are developed to reduce injection pain and provide a less invasive method than conventional injections. This study evaluates the efficacy and adverse reactions of a BTX-A microneedle pad compared with 2% topical isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) cream for the treatment of RP-SSc. The microneedles are specifically designed to penetrate the epidermis and reach the dermis layer. This design facilitates localized drug delivery while ensuring the needle tips do not reach blood vessels, preventing the drug from entering systemic circulation. The microneedle array is engineered with an evaluated penetration depth of around 70-80% of its height. The targeted insertion sites for the microneedles are located on the lateral and slightly dorsal aspects of the proximal finger base.

Study Design and Treatment Arms

The trial is a randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study.

Group A (Botox) receives a one-time BTX-A microneedle pad (10 units per pad) applied once on the affected hand plus topical placebo cream applied three times daily.

Group B (Nitrate) receives a placebo microneedle pad (normal saline) applied once plus 2% topical ISDN cream applied three times daily.

Drug Preparation and Administration

The investigational BTX-A product is supplied as a sterile, vacuum-dried powder in a single-use vial containing 100 Units, which is reconstituted with 0.9% sterile, preservative-free sodium chloride to achieve a concentration of 10 units/mL. The medication is divided and administered to both lateral sides of the digits, with 5 units (0.5 mL) administered per side.

The 2% ISDN topical emulsion is compounded by mixing the crushed equivalent of 400 sublingual tablets (5 mg per tablet) with 85 g of a semisolid hydrophilic base. The ISDN preparation is divided into 10 g units and assigned a 6-month expiration date when stored at temperatures between 2 and 8°C.

Study Procedures and Follow-up Schedule

Baseline evaluations include medical history, serological tests, demographic data, vital signs, physical examinations, clinical characteristics of SSc, concomitant medications, and comorbidities. Routine laboratory assessments include complete blood count, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, c-reactive protein, renal function, liver function, urinalysis, creatine kinase, thyroid function test, chest radiography, pulmonary function test, and echocardiography.

Follow-up evaluations occur at Week 1, Week 4, and Week 12 post-treatment to monitor vital signs, physical examinations, clinical characteristics of SSc, routine laboratory assessments, concomitant medications, drug compliance, and complications such as intrinsic hand muscle weakness.

Withdrawal, Rescue Therapy, and Termination CriteriaParticipants will be withdrawn from the study if they develop active systemic infection, localized infection at microneedle pad sites, serious adverse events relating to BTX-A (such as weakened hand grip or paresthesia), severe local allergic reactions, intolerable pain from microneedle application, inability to tolerate wearing the patch until full absorption, worsening Raynaud's phenomenon, new digital ulcers, gangrene, severe headache, need for hospitalization, undergo hand surgery during the study, or self-withdraw. Participants withdrawn due to severe Raynaud's phenomenon or increased digital ulcer size will receive rescue therapy with a systemic vasodilator. Participants requiring rescue medication will continue to be followed for the full 12-week study period, and their data will be included in the Intention-to-Treat (ITT) analysis in compliance with ICH-GCP E6 (R3).

The study will be terminated if the prevalence of serious adverse events (weakened hand grip, paresthesia) in the BTX-A microneedle pad group exceeds 20% (7 cases), or if 15% of enrolled participants (6 cases) experience intolerable pain from the pad, bleeding, or local infection.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

72

Fase

  • Fase 3

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Chingching Foocharoen, MD
  • Telefonnummer: 66906784212
  • E-mail: fching@kku.ac.th

Undersøgelse Kontakt Backup

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen
  • Ældre voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. SSc patients aged between 18 and 70 years
  2. Diagnosed according to ACR/EULAR 2013 classification criteria20
  3. Having RP with/without DU on fingers or toes
  4. Understand and able to read and write Thai language
  5. Stable steroid, immunosuppressant, and vasodilator including CCB, PDE5i for at least 4 weeks before enrollment

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. History of allergy or hypersensitivity to Botulinum toxin or ISDN
  2. Overlap with other connective tissue diseases
  3. Documented having peripheral arterial disease or vasculitis that affected vascular supply of fingers or toes
  4. Current use of 2% ISDN cream for treatment of RP
  5. Current use vasoconstrictor or medication that has vasoconstrictor effect such as ergotamine sulfate, beta-blocker
  6. Pregnancy and lactating patients
  7. Bedridden and confined to no self-care
  8. Evidence of active malignant disease
  9. Active infection or sepsis
  10. Localized infection of hand
  11. Impaired of intrinsic muscle hand function
  12. Active smoker
  13. Prior upper extremity vascular surgery, including surgical sympathectomy within 1 month before enrollment

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Tredobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Intervention group
Group A: Botulinum toxin A with placebo cream
Botulinum toxin A plus cream placebo
Placebo komparator: Control group
Group B: Placebo botulinum A with isosorbide dinitrate cream
Normal saline via microneedles plus isosorbide dinitrate cream

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change from baseline in distal digit temperature at 4 Weeks
Tidsramme: Baseline and 4 weeks after treatment
The change in distal digit temperature is evaluated using an infrared thermometer from baseline to 4 weeks after treatment.
Baseline and 4 weeks after treatment

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change from baseline in Raynaud's Phenomenon pain severity score on the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Tidsramme: Baseline to 1 week, baseline to 4 weeks, and baseline to 12 weeks after treatment
The change in pain severity related to Raynaud's phenomenon is assessed using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). The VAS ranges from a minimum value of 0 to a maximum value of 100, where 0 represents no pain and 100 represents the worst imaginable pain. Higher scores indicate a worse outcome (greater pain intensity).
Baseline to 1 week, baseline to 4 weeks, and baseline to 12 weeks after treatment
Number of participants experiencing local adverse events at the application site
Tidsramme: 1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment
The safety and tolerability of the intervention are evaluated by recording the number of participants who develop localized adverse events (including erythema, bleeding, dermatitis, local infection, or intolerable pain) at the microneedle pad application site.
1 week, 4 weeks, and 12 weeks after treatment
Change from baseline in Raynaud's Condition Score (RCS)
Tidsramme: Baseline to 1 week, baseline to 4 weeks, and baseline to 12 weeks after treatment
The daily clinical severity and frequency of Raynaud's phenomenon attacks are evaluated using the Raynaud's Condition Score (RCS). The RCS is a self-assessment scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 represents no difficulty or severity and 10 represents extreme difficulty or severity. Higher numerical values indicate greater symptom severity and functional impairment.
Baseline to 1 week, baseline to 4 weeks, and baseline to 12 weeks after treatment
The progression of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) to digital ulcer (DU)
Tidsramme: 1, 4, and 12 weeks
The progression of RP to DU using numbers of DU at 1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
1, 4, and 12 weeks
The progression of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) to digital ulcer (DU)
Tidsramme: 1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
The progression of RP to DU using size in mm of DU at 1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
The clinical benefit and safety of microneedle pad
Tidsramme: 1, 4, and 12 weeks
The clinical benefit and safety of microneedle pad by healthy assessment using Scleroderma Health Assessment Questionnaire (SHAQ) at 1, 4, and 12 weeks after treatment. The scores range from 0 to 3 for each symptom, with higher numerical values reflecting a higher degree of symptom intensity.
1, 4, and 12 weeks
The progression of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP) to digital ulcers (DUs)
Tidsramme: 1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
The net ulcer burden of digital ulcers using Digital Ulcer Clinical Assessment Score (DUCAS) from 0-68 at 1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment. The higher Digital Ulcer Clinical Assessment Score values reflects a higher degree of symptom intensity
1, 4 , and 12 weeks after treatment
The clinical benefit and safety of microneedle pad
Tidsramme: 1, 4, and 12 weeks after treatment

The clinical benefit and quality of life are evaluated using the EuroQol 5-Dimension 3-Level (EQ-5D-3L) questionnaire, which consists of two parts. The first part comprises five specific dimensions: mobility, self-care, usual activities, pain/discomfort, and anxiety/depression. Each dimension has 3 levels: 1 (no problems), 2 (some problems), and 3 (extreme problems). Selecting a level for each dimension generates a 5-digit health state profile (e.g., 11223). This profile ranges from a minimum value of 11111 to a maximum value of 33333, where higher numerical profiles indicate a worse outcome.

The second part features a standard 20-cm vertical Visual Analogue Scale where patients self-rate their overall health. The Visual Analogue Scale ranges from a minimum value of 0 ("the worst health you can imagine") to a maximum value of 100 ("the best health you can imagine"), where higher scores indicate a better outcome.

1, 4, and 12 weeks after treatment

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

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Sponsor

Samarbejdspartnere

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

1. august 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

31. juli 2028

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

31. december 2028

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

3. maj 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

6. august 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

12. august 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

17. august 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

13. august 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. august 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • Botox for scleroderma-Raynaud
  • Khon Kaen University (Anden identifikator: Khon Kaen University)

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