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Strong Kinesio Taping and Shoulder Performance (StrongKinesio)

22. august 2026 opdateret af: Nazli Cigercioglu, Hacettepe University

Acute Effects of Strong Kinesio Taping on Shoulder Isokinetic Performance in Professional Basketball Players

This study evaluated the immediate effects of Strong Kinesio Taping on shoulder muscle performance in professional male basketball players. The study used a randomized crossover design in which each participant completed three experimental conditions: Strong Kinesio Taping, sham taping, and no taping. The testing sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.

During each session, the internal and external rotator muscle performance of the dominant shoulder was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer at angular velocities of 60°/s and 240°/s. The main outcomes were peak torque and total work of the shoulder internal and external rotator muscles. The external-to-internal rotator strength ratio was also evaluated to determine whether taping affected the balance between these muscle groups.

Studieoversigt

Status

Status

Angiver den aktuelle rekrutteringsstatus eller den udvidede adgangsstatus.
Afsluttet

Betingelser

Betingelser

Den sygdom, lidelse, syndrom, sygdom eller skade, der undersøges. På ClinicalTrials.gov kan tilstande også omfatte andre sundhedsrelaterede problemer, såsom levetid, livskvalitet og sundhedsrisici.

Intervention / Behandling

Intervention / Behandling

En proces eller handling, der er i fokus for en klinisk undersøgelse. Interventioner omfatter lægemidler, medicinsk udstyr, procedurer, vacciner og andre produkter, der enten er til undersøgelse eller allerede er tilgængelige. Interventioner kan også omfatte ikke-invasive tilgange, såsom uddannelse eller ændring af kost og motion.

Detaljeret beskrivelse

This randomized, sham-controlled, repeated-measures crossover study was designed to investigate the immediate effects of Strong Kinesio Taping on shoulder isokinetic muscle performance in professional male basketball players. Each participant completed three experimental conditions in a randomized order: Strong Kinesio Taping, sham taping, and no taping. Consecutive testing sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period to minimize possible carryover effects. Because each participant underwent all three conditions, participants served as their own controls.

Professional male basketball players who regularly participated in training and competition were assessed for eligibility. Participants were required to be free from shoulder pain or injury at the time of testing. Individuals with a history of shoulder surgery, neurological disorders, or musculoskeletal conditions affecting upper-extremity function were excluded. Before participation, all athletes received written and verbal information about the study procedures and provided written informed consent.

At each testing session, participants completed a standardized upper-extremity warm-up and familiarization contractions before the isokinetic assessment. Strong Kinesio Taping was applied to the dominant shoulder using a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique. Sham taping was applied using the same tape material but without therapeutic tension or application principles intended to influence muscle function. In the no-taping condition, participants underwent the same testing procedures without tape application.

Shoulder internal and external rotator muscle performance was assessed using an isokinetic dynamometer. Participants were tested in a seated position with the shoulder at 90 degrees of abduction, the elbow at 90 degrees of flexion, and the forearm in a neutral position. The trunk and shoulder were stabilized, and the dynamometer axis was aligned with the axis of glenohumeral rotation.

Testing was performed at angular velocities of 60 degrees per second and 240 degrees per second. Participants completed five maximal repetitions at 60 degrees per second and 15 maximal repetitions at 240 degrees per second. A standardized rest period was provided between the two testing velocities.

The primary outcome measures were peak torque and total work of the shoulder internal and external rotator muscles at each angular velocity. The external-to-internal rotator strength ratio was evaluated as a secondary outcome to determine whether the taping conditions affected the relative balance between the shoulder rotator muscle groups.

Undersøgelsestype

Undersøgelsestype

Beskriver karakteren af ​​en klinisk undersøgelse. Undersøgelsestyper omfatter interventionelle undersøgelser (også kaldet kliniske forsøg), observationsundersøgelser (herunder patientregistre) og udvidet adgang.
Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

Tilmelding

Antallet af deltagere i en klinisk undersøgelse. Den "forventede" tilmelding er det mål for antallet af deltagere, som forskerne skal bruge til undersøgelsen.
26

Fase

Fase

Stadiet af et klinisk forsøg, der studerer et lægemiddel eller et biologisk produkt, baseret på definitioner udviklet af U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Fasen tager udgangspunkt i undersøgelsens formål, antallet af deltagere og andre karakteristika. Der er fem faser: Tidlig fase 1 (tidligere opført som fase 0), fase 1, fase 2, fase 3 og fase 4. Ikke relevant bruges til at beskrive forsøg uden FDA-definerede faser, herunder forsøg med enheder eller adfærdsmæssige indgreb.
  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Tyrkiet (Türkiye)
    • Kagithane
      • Istanbul, Kagithane, Tyrkiet (Türkiye), 34408
        • Atlas University

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Berettigelseskriterier

De nøglekrav, som personer, der ønsker at deltage i et klinisk studie, skal opfylde eller de egenskaber, de skal have. Kvalifikationskriterier består af både inklusionskriterier (som er nødvendige for at en person kan deltage i undersøgelsen) og eksklusionskriterier (som forhindrer en person i at deltage). Typer af berettigelseskriterier omfatter, om en undersøgelse accepterer raske frivillige, har alders- eller aldersgruppekrav eller er begrænset af køn.

Aldre berettiget til at studere

  • Voksen

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • active participation in professional basketball competition,
  • regular training participation
  • absence of shoulder pain or injury at the time of testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • a history of shoulder surgery,
  • neurological disorders,
  • any musculoskeletal condition affecting upper-extremity function

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Andet
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Crossover opgave
  • Maskning: Ingen (Åben etiket)

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm

Deltagergruppe / Arm

En gruppe eller undergruppe af deltagere i et klinisk forsøg, der modtager en specifik intervention/behandling eller ingen intervention i henhold til forsøgets protokol.
Intervention / Behandling

Intervention / Behandling

En proces eller handling, der er i fokus for en klinisk undersøgelse. Interventioner omfatter lægemidler, medicinsk udstyr, procedurer, vacciner og andre produkter, der enten er til undersøgelse eller allerede er tilgængelige. Interventioner kan også omfatte ikke-invasive tilgange, såsom uddannelse eller ændring af kost og motion.
Eksperimentel: Strong KT-Sham-No Taping Sequence
Participants received Strong Kinesio Taping during the first testing session, sham taping during the second testing session, and no taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.
Eksperimentel: Strong KT-No Taping-Sham Sequence
Participants received Strong Kinesio Taping during the first testing session, no taping during the second testing session, and sham taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.
Eksperimentel: Sham-Strong KT-No Taping Sequence
Participants received sham taping during the first testing session, Strong Kinesio Taping during the second testing session, and no taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.
Eksperimentel: Sham-No Taping-Strong KT Sequence
Participants received sham taping during the first testing session, no taping during the second testing session, and Strong Kinesio Taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.
Eksperimentel: No Taping-Strong KT-Sham Sequence
Participants received no taping during the first testing session, Strong Kinesio Taping during the second testing session, and sham taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.
Eksperimentel: No Taping-Sham-Strong KT Sequence
Participants received no taping during the first testing session, sham taping during the second testing session, and Strong Kinesio Taping during the third testing session. Consecutive sessions were separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Andet: Strong Kinesio Taping
A 5-cm-wide Strong Kinesio Tape was applied to the dominant shoulder by a certified Kinesio Taping practitioner. The application included a supraspinatus muscle inhibition technique with approximately 10%-15% tape tension from insertion to origin and a glenohumeral mechanical correction technique with approximately 50%-75% tape tension from the anterior to the posterior aspect of the glenohumeral joint. Shoulder isokinetic performance was assessed following the tape application.
Andet: Sham Taping
The same tape material was applied to the dominant shoulder without therapeutic tension and without application principles intended to facilitate muscle activation or provide mechanical correction. Participants subsequently underwent the same standardized isokinetic testing protocol.
Andet: No Taping
No tape was applied to the dominant shoulder. Participants completed the same standardized warm-up, familiarization, and isokinetic testing procedures used during the taping conditions.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Primære resultatmål

I et klinisk studies protokol er det planlagte resultatmål, der er det vigtigste for at evaluere effekten af ​​en intervention/behandling. De fleste kliniske undersøgelser har ét primært resultatmål, men nogle har mere end ét.
Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
External Rotator Peak Torque at 60°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Peak torque of the dominant shoulder external rotator muscles was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Peak torque was recorded in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher values indicate greater maximal external rotator muscle strength.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Internal Rotator Peak Torque at 60°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Peak torque of the dominant shoulder internal rotator muscles was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Peak torque was recorded in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher values indicate greater maximal internal rotator muscle strength.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
External Rotator Total Work at 60°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Total work performed by the dominant shoulder external rotator muscles across five maximal repetitions was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Total work was recorded in joules (J). Higher values indicate greater cumulative external rotator work.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Internal Rotator Total Work at 60°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Total work performed by the dominant shoulder internal rotator muscles across five maximal repetitions was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 60°/s. Total work was recorded in joules (J). Higher values indicate greater cumulative internal rotator work.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
External Rotator Peak Torque at 240°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Peak torque of the dominant shoulder external rotator muscles was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 240°/s. Peak torque was recorded in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher values indicate greater maximal external rotator muscle performance at high angular velocity.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Internal Rotator Peak Torque at 240°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Peak torque of the dominant shoulder internal rotator muscles was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 240°/s. Peak torque was recorded in Newton-meters (Nm). Higher values indicate greater maximal internal rotator muscle performance at high angular velocity.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
External Rotator Total Work at 240°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Total work performed by the dominant shoulder external rotator muscles across 15 maximal repetitions was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 240°/s. Total work was recorded in joules (J). Higher values indicate greater cumulative external rotator work.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Internal Rotator Total Work at 240°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
Total work performed by the dominant shoulder internal rotator muscles across 15 maximal repetitions was measured using an isokinetic dynamometer at an angular velocity of 240°/s. Total work was recorded in joules (J). Higher values indicate greater cumulative internal rotator work.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.

Sekundære resultatmål

Sekundære resultatmål

I en klinisk undersøgelses protokol er et planlagt resultatmål, der ikke er lige så vigtigt som det primære resultatmål for at evaluere effekten af ​​en intervention, men som stadig er af interesse. De fleste kliniske undersøgelser har mere end ét sekundært resultatmål.
Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
External-to-Internal Rotator Peak Torque Ratio at 60°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
The conventional external-to-internal rotator strength ratio of the dominant shoulder was calculated by dividing external rotator peak torque by internal rotator peak torque and multiplying the result by 100. The ratio was expressed as a percentage (%). It represents the relative strength balance between the shoulder external and internal rotator muscles; higher values do not necessarily indicate a better outcome.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
External-to-Internal Rotator Peak Torque Ratio at 240°/s
Tidsramme: Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.
The conventional external-to-internal rotator strength ratio of the dominant shoulder was calculated by dividing external rotator peak torque by internal rotator peak torque and multiplying the result by 100. The ratio was expressed as a percentage (%). It represents the relative strength balance between the shoulder external and internal rotator muscles; higher values do not necessarily indicate a better outcome.
Immediately following each experimental condition during each of the three testing sessions, with sessions separated by a 72-hour washout period.

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Sponsor

Den organisation eller person, der igangsætter undersøgelsen, og som har myndighed og kontrol over undersøgelsen.
Hacettepe University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

Studiestart

Den faktiske dato, hvor den første deltager blev tilmeldt en klinisk undersøgelse. Den "forventede" undersøgelses startdato er den dato, som forskerne tror vil være undersøgelsens startdato.
1. januar 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

Primær færdiggørelse

Den dato, hvor den sidste deltager i et klinisk studie blev undersøgt eller modtog en intervention for at indsamle endelige data for det primære resultatmål. Hvorvidt det kliniske studie sluttede i henhold til protokollen eller blev afsluttet, påvirker ikke denne dato. For kliniske undersøgelser med mere end ét primært resultatmål med forskellige afslutningsdatoer refererer dette udtryk til den dato, hvor dataindsamlingen er afsluttet for alle de primære resultatmål. Den "forventede" primære afslutningsdato er den dato, som forskerne tror vil være den primære afslutningsdato for undersøgelsen.
1. april 2026

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

Studieafslutning

Den dato, hvor den sidste deltager i et klinisk studie blev undersøgt eller modtog en intervention/behandling for at indsamle endelige data for de primære resultatmål, sekundære udfaldsmål og uønskede hændelser (det vil sige den sidste deltagers sidste besøg). Den "forventede" undersøgelses afslutningsdato er den dato, som forskerne tror vil være undersøgelsens afslutningsdato.
1. august 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

Først indsendt

Den dato, hvor undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator første gang indsendte en undersøgelsespost til ClinicalTrials.gov. Der er typisk en forsinkelse på et par dage mellem den første indsendte dato og postens tilgængelighed på ClinicalTrials.gov (den første offentliggjorte dato).
22. august 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

Den dato, hvor undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator første gang indsender en undersøgelsespost, der er i overensstemmelse med National Library of Medicine (NLM) kvalitetskontrol (QC) gennemgangskriterier. Sponsoren eller investigatoren skal muligvis revidere og indsende en undersøgelsespost en eller flere gange, før NLM's kvalitetskontrolkriterier er opfyldt. Det er sponsorens eller investigatorens ansvar at sikre, at undersøgelsesposten er i overensstemmelse med NLM QC-gennemgangskriterierne.
22. august 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

Først opslået

Datoen, hvor undersøgelsesposten først var tilgængelig på ClinicalTrials.gov efter National Library of Medicine (NLM) kvalitetskontrol (QC) gennemgang er afsluttet. Der er typisk en forsinkelse på et par dage mellem den dato, hvor undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator indsendte undersøgelsesposten, og den første offentliggjorte dato.
26. august 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

Sidste opdatering sendt

Den seneste dato, hvor ændringer i en undersøgelsespost blev gjort tilgængelig på ClinicalTrials.gov. Der kan være en forsinkelse mellem det tidspunkt, hvornår ændringerne blev indsendt til ClinicalTrials.gov af undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator (datoen for sidste opdatering afsendt) og den sidste opdatering, der blev sendt.
26. august 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

Den seneste dato, hvor undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator indsendte ændringer til en undersøgelsespost, der er i overensstemmelse med National Library of Medicine (NLM) kvalitetskontrol (QC) gennemgangskriterier. Det er sponsorens eller investigatorens ansvar at sikre, at undersøgelsesposten er i overensstemmelse med NLM QC-gennemgangskriterierne.
22. august 2026

Sidst verificeret

Sidst verificeret

Den seneste dato, hvor undersøgelsens sponsor eller investigator bekræftede oplysningerne om en klinisk undersøgelse på ClinicalTrials.gov som nøjagtige og aktuelle. Hvis en undersøgelse med rekrutteringsstatus som rekruttering; rekrutterer endnu ikke; eller aktiv, ikke rekruttering er ikke blevet bekræftet inden for de seneste 2 år, er undersøgelsens rekrutteringsstatus vist som ukendt.
1. august 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

Andre identifikatorer eller ID-numre end NCT-nummeret, der er tildelt til en klinisk undersøgelse af undersøgelsens sponsor, finansieringsgivere eller andre. Disse numre kan omfatte unikke identifikatorer fra andre forsøgsregistre og National Institutes of Health-bevillingsnumre.
  • Strong kinesio isokinetic
  • Selcuk University (Registry Identifier: Selcuk University)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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Ingen

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Ingen

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