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Unipolar Voltage-Guided Substrate Modification Plus Pulsed Field Ablation Pulmonary Vein Isolation Versus Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation (UNI-PFA)

Unipolar Voltage-Guided Individualized Substrate Modification Combined With Pulsed Field Ablation-Based Pulmonary Vein Isolation Versus Pulmonary Vein Isolation Alone in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation: A Multicenter, Randomized, Open-Label, Superiority Trial

UNI-PFA is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, superiority trial evaluating whether adding unipolar voltage-guided individualized substrate modification to pulsed field ablation (PFA)-based pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) improves outcomes in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation and a left atrial low-voltage area (LVA) burden of at least 10% of the post-PVI left atrial surface area. Participants are randomized 1:1 to PFA-PVI plus individualized substrate modification (homogenization, box isolation, linear ablation, or a combination) or PFA-PVI alone. The primary endpoint is treatment success at 12 months, defined as freedom from documented atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia, or atrial flutter lasting more than 30 seconds after a 90-day blanking period while off class I/III antiarrhythmic drugs. Follow-up includes 14-day continuous ECG patch monitoring at 3, 6, and 12 months, symptom-triggered single-lead ECG, and quality-of-life assessments.

Studieoversigt

Status

Ikke rekrutterer endnu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Background: Pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) is the cornerstone of catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation, but outcomes in persistent atrial fibrillation remain suboptimal, with approximately 50% freedom from recurrence in unselected patients. Left atrial low-voltage areas (LVAs) are an electrical surrogate for atrial fibrosis and predict recurrence after PVI. Unipolar voltage mapping may detect intramural or epicardial fibrosis that bipolar mapping misses. Pulsed field ablation (PFA) provides preferential myocardial ablation with a favorable safety profile. Whether adding unipolar voltage-guided individualized substrate modification to PFA-PVI improves outcomes in patients with a substantial LVA burden is unknown.

Design: UNI-PFA is a multicenter, randomized, open-label, superiority trial. Approximately 294 participants with persistent or long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation and a unipolar LVA burden of at least 10% of the post-PVI left atrial surface area (excluding the pulmonary vein antra, left atrial appendage, and fossa ovalis) will be randomized 1:1. Randomization is stratified by sex and LVA proportion category (10-20%, 20-30%, and >30%). The experimental arm receives PFA-PVI plus individualized substrate modification selected according to LVA location (homogenization, box isolation, linear ablation, or a combination); the active comparator arm receives PFA-PVI alone. All participants receive 14-day continuous ECG patch monitoring at 3, 6, and 12 months, symptom-triggered single-lead ECG, and unscheduled ECG/Holter/telemetry when clinically indicated.

Endpoints: The primary endpoint is treatment success at 12 months, defined as freedom from documented atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia, or atrial flutter lasting more than 30 seconds after a 90-day blanking period while off class I/III antiarrhythmic drugs, allowing up to one repeat ablation within 6 months of the index procedure. Patients who remain on class I/III antiarrhythmic drugs at 12 months are counted as treatment failures. Twelve prespecified secondary endpoints include arrhythmia-free survival, quality of life (AFEQT), arrhythmia burden, repeat ablation, procedure duration, and fluoroscopy time. Sixteen prespecified safety endpoints are adjudicated by an independent, blinded clinical events committee.

Eligibility: Adults aged 18 years or older with symptomatic persistent or long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation, suitable for catheter ablation, who have tried at least one class I/III antiarrhythmic drug or are unwilling to do so, and who meet the intraoperative unipolar LVA criterion. Key exclusions include left atrial diameter >55 mm, recent acute coronary syndrome or coronary artery bypass grafting, severe valvular disease, prior atrial fibrillation ablation or left atrial surgery, NYHA class IV heart failure, contraindication to oral anticoagulation, dialysis-dependent renal failure, and pregnancy.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Anslået)

294

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiekontakt

  • Navn: Ligang Ding, MD, PhD
  • Telefonnummer: +8601088233162
  • E-mail: dlgang@163.com

Studiesteder

    • Beijing Municipality
      • Beijing, Beijing Municipality, Kina, 100037
        • Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences
        • Kontakt:
          • Ligang Ding, MD, PhD
          • Telefonnummer: +8601088233162
          • E-mail: dlgang@163.com
        • Ledende efterforsker:
          • Ligang Ding, MD, PhD

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

18 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. ECG-documented persistent or long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation (ESC definition).
  2. Symptoms (palpitations, dyspnea, fatigue, etc.) attributable to atrial fibrillation.
  3. Suitable for catheter ablation.
  4. At least one class I/III antiarrhythmic drug has been tried, or the patient is unwilling to try.
  5. Age 18 years or older.
  6. Intraoperative left atrial voltage mapping demonstrating a unipolar low-voltage area (cutoff 2.5 mV) of at least 10% of the post-PVI left atrial surface area (excluding the pulmonary vein antra, left atrial appendage, and fossa ovalis).

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Left atrial diameter >55 mm on echocardiography.
  2. Acute coronary syndrome or coronary artery bypass grafting within 12 weeks.
  3. Severe aortic or mitral valve disease (ESC definition).
  4. Congenital heart disease.
  5. Prior surgical or percutaneous atrial fibrillation ablation, or atrioventricular node ablation.
  6. Prior left atrial surgery.
  7. Comorbidity with expected survival <1 year.
  8. NYHA class IV heart failure symptoms.
  9. Contraindication to oral anticoagulation.
  10. Dialysis-dependent renal failure.
  11. Atrial fibrillation due to reversible causes.
  12. Pregnancy or women of childbearing potential not using contraception.
  13. History of poor treatment adherence.
  14. Unable or unwilling to provide informed consent.

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Enkelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: PFA-PVI Plus Individualized Substrate Modification

Pulsed field ablation (PFA)-based pulmonary vein isolation plus unipolar voltage-guided individualized substrate modification. Substrate modification is selected according to low-voltage area location and may include homogenization, box isolation, linear ablation, or a combination.

Pulsed field ablation catheter and generator used to perform pulmonary vein isolation in both study arms.

Pulsed field ablation-based pulmonary vein antral isolation with confirmation of entrance and exit block in all pulmonary veins; performed in both arms.

Unipolar voltage-guided individualized substrate modification selected according to low-voltage area location, including homogenization, box isolation, linear ablation, or a combination. Performed in the experimental arm only.

Aktiv komparator: PFA-PVI Alone

Pulsed field ablation (PFA)-based pulmonary vein isolation alone, without substrate or prophylactic ablation.

Pulsed field ablation catheter and generator used to perform pulmonary vein isolation in both study arms.

Pulsed field ablation-based pulmonary vein antral isolation with confirmation of entrance and exit block in all pulmonary veins; performed in both arms.

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Treatment Success at 12 Months After the Index Ablation Procedure
Tidsramme: 12 months after the index ablation procedure

Freedom from documented atrial fibrillation, atrial tachycardia, or atrial flutter lasting more than 30 seconds after a 90-day blanking period while off class I/III antiarrhythmic drugs, allowing up to one repeat ablation within 6 months of the index procedure (1-2 procedures total). Patients who remain on class I/III antiarrhythmic drugs at 12 months are counted as treatment failures; missing primary outcome data are counted as treatment failures.

12 months after the index ablation procedure

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tidsramme
Time to First Recurrence After a Single Procedure Off Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Tidsramme: 12 months after the index procedure
12 months after the index procedure
Change in AFEQT Quality-of-Life Score From Baseline to 12 Months
Tidsramme: Baseline and 12 months
Baseline and 12 months
Incidence of Prespecified Procedure-Related Complications
Tidsramme: 90 days after ablation; all-cause mortality at 12 months
90 days after ablation; all-cause mortality at 12 months
Freedom From Atrial Arrhythmia at 12 Months After a Single Procedure Off Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Tidsramme: 12 months
12 months
Freedom From Atrial Arrhythmia at 12 Months After a Single Procedure With or Without Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Tidsramme: 12 months
12 months
Freedom From Atrial Arrhythmia at 12 Months After 1-2 Procedures With or Without Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Tidsramme: 12 months
12 months
Freedom From Atrial Fibrillation at 12 Months After 1-2 Procedures Off Antiarrhythmic Drugs
Tidsramme: 12 months
12 months
Atrial Arrhythmia Burden at 3, 6, and 12 Months
Tidsramme: 14-day period before each follow-up visit
14-day period before each follow-up visit
Time to First Recurrence After Any Number of Procedures
Tidsramme: 12 months
12 months
Number of Repeat Ablations Within 12 Months
Tidsramme: 12 months after the index procedure
12 months after the index procedure
Procedure Duration
Tidsramme: Index procedure
Index procedure
Total Fluoroscopy Time
Tidsramme: Index procedure
Index procedure

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Samarbejdspartnere

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Ligang Ding, MD, PhD, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Fuwai Hospital

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Anslået)

1. november 2026

Primær færdiggørelse (Anslået)

1. december 2028

Studieafslutning (Anslået)

1. december 2029

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

3. november 2026

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

3. november 2026

Først opslået (Faktiske)

9. november 2026

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

9. november 2026

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

3. november 2026

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2026

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • UNI-PFA-2026-001

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

IPD-planbeskrivelse

Individual participant data will not be shared. Aggregate study results will be published and presented. The informed consent and institutional data-governance approvals do not permit public deposition of individual participant data.

Lægemiddel- og udstyrsoplysninger, undersøgelsesdokumenter

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