Mental Rotation and Motor Imagery Training in Multiple Sclerosis
Mental Rotation and Motor Imagery Training for Upper-Extremity Function in Relapsing-Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial
Descripción general del estudio
Estado
Estado
Condiciones
Condiciones
Intervención / Tratamiento
Intervención / Tratamiento
Descripción detallada
Tipo de estudio
Tipo de estudio
Inscripción (Actual)
Inscripción
Fase
Fase
- No aplica
Contactos y Ubicaciones
Ubicaciones de estudio
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Bolu, Turquía (Türkiye), 14100
- Abant Izzet Baysal University Faculty of Health Science
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Criterios de participación
Criterio de elegibilidad
Criterio de elegibilidad
Edades elegibles para estudiar
- Adulto
- Adulto Mayor
Acepta Voluntarios Saludables
Descripción
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosed with definite relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis by a neurologist according to the revised McDonald criteria
- Not experiencing an acute MS relapse
- Mini Mental State Examination score ≥24
- No clinical MS relapse within the previous 3 months
- No corticosteroid treatment for an MS relapse within the previous 3 months
- Expanded Disability Status Scale score between 1.5 and 6.0
- Modified Ashworth Scale score ≤2
- Sufficient communication ability to understand visual and verbal instructions and follow the training protocol
- Able to attend at least 80% of the planned sessions
- Able to complete the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3
Exclusion Criteria:
- Any medication change within the previous 3 months
- Uncorrected severe visual or hearing impairment
- A communication disorder preventing the perception of or response to the visual and verbal stimuli used in the study
- Participation in another structured upper-extremity rehabilitation program or interventional study during the study period
- Presence of an additional neurological disorder
- Advanced sensory loss or proprioceptive impairment that could affect participation in the intervention
- Botulinum toxin injection within the previous 3 months
Plan de estudios
¿Cómo está diseñado el estudio?
Detalles de diseño
- Propósito principal: Tratamiento
- Asignación: Aleatorizado
- Modelo Intervencionista: Asignación paralela
- Enmascaramiento: Doble
Número de brazos
Armas e Intervenciones
Grupo de participantes/brazoGrupo de participantes/brazo |
Intervención / TratamientoIntervención / Tratamiento |
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Experimental: Multicomponent rotation training
Participants received 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy and 15 minutes of sequential laterality, motor imagery, and mental rotation training, three times per week for six weeks.
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Participants received 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy followed by 15 minutes of structured training, three times per week for six weeks.
The training progressed sequentially through laterality recognition, motor imagery, and mental rotation.
Laterality training involved identifying right- and left-hand images.
Motor imagery training involved imagining the hand positions and movements shown in the images without performing an observable movement.
Mental rotation training involved mentally rotating figures and selecting the correct response.
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Comparador falso: Sham training
Participants received 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy and 15 minutes of active visual-attention training using neutral objects, colors, shapes, and symbols, three times per week for six weeks.
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Participants received 30 minutes of conventional physiotherapy followed by 15 minutes of active visual-attention control training, three times per week for six weeks.
The training included images of neutral objects, colors, geometric shapes, and symbols that did not depict body parts.
Participants classified the images according to color, shape, size, position, or similarity and difference.
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¿Qué mide el estudio?
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medidas de resultado primarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
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The Purdue Spatial Visualization Test
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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The Purdue Spatial Visualization Test a widely used mental rotation tests, consists of 30 three-dimensional spatial perception questions.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medidas de resultado secundarias
Medida de resultado |
Medida Descripción |
Periodo de tiempo |
|---|---|---|
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The Symbol Digit Modalities Test
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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The Symbol Digit Modalities Test is a widely used assessment tool for measuring information-processing speed in patients with MS.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Nine-Hole Peg Test
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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In the Nine-Hole Peg Test, nine wooden pegs were placed into a wooden board containing nine holes using one hand.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Motor imagery ability was evaluated and scored using 20 items examining movements of different body parts in a sitting position, with two subscales assessing kinesthetic and visual imagery abilities.
The total score ranges from 10 to 50, with each subscale ranging from 5 to 25.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Grip Strength
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention
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Grip strength was assessed using a Jamar hand dynamometer.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention
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Abilhand
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Abilhand is a patient-reported scale used to determine the perceived level of difficulty individuals experience when using their hands during activities of daily living.
The Abilhand total raw score ranges from 0 to 46, with higher scores indicating better self-perceived manual ability in performing daily bimanual activities.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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The Action Research Arm Test (ARAT)
Periodo de tiempo: Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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The Action Research Arm Test was used to evaluate upper extremity functional capacity and consists of four subdomains: grasp, grip, pinch, and gross movement.
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Baseline and immediately after the 6-week intervention.
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Patrocinador
Investigadores
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Enes Tayyip Benli, phd, Abant Izzet Baysal University
Fechas de registro del estudio
Fechas importantes del estudio
Inicio del estudio (Actual)
Inicio del estudio
Finalización primaria (Actual)
Finalización primaria
Finalización del estudio (Actual)
Finalización del estudio
Fechas de registro del estudio
Enviado por primera vez
Enviado por primera vez
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Primero enviado que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Publicado por primera vez (Actual)
Publicado por primera vez
Actualizaciones de registros de estudio
Última actualización publicada (Actual)
Última actualización publicada
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última actualización enviada que cumplió con los criterios de control de calidad
Última verificación
Última verificación
Más información
Términos relacionados con este estudio
Términos MeSH relevantes adicionales
Otros números de identificación del estudio
Otros números de identificación del estudio
- AIBU-FTR-BENLI-010
Plan de datos de participantes individuales (IPD)
¿Planea compartir datos de participantes individuales (IPD)?
Información sobre medicamentos y dispositivos, documentos del estudio
Estudia un producto farmacéutico regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
Estudia un producto de dispositivo regulado por la FDA de EE. UU.
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