Glycemic and Hormone Responses After the Intake of Four Types of Bread.
Glycemic and Hormone Responses and Satiety After the Intake of Four Types of Bread.
Panoramica dello studio
Stato
Stato
Condizioni
Condizioni
Intervento / Trattamento
Intervento / Trattamento
Descrizione dettagliata
The postprandial blood glucose concentration appears to play a critical role in the development of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases; it is largely influenced by the carbohydrate load of a meal. Thus, advocating carbohydrate (CHO) foods that promote favorable glycemic and insulinemic responses, with maintenance of satiety high over a longer period, may be a beneficial approach against many chronic diseases.
Bread is a basic food in Italian feeding. The industrial production of bread is gradually replacing the craft production by small bakeries. It is possible to buy daily bread obtained by completing baking carried out directly at the point of sale from pre-cooked and frozen dough. The use of "improver" as enzyme preparations such as alpha-amylase, improves the quality of bread. A study has found that trestatin, an amylase inhibitor incorporated into bread, produced lower glycemic and insulinemic responses; another has reported that bread made from the ancient wheat Einkorn (Triticum monococcum) elicited a reduced production of glucose-dependent insulinotrophic polypeptide (GIP).
The objectives of the present study are to determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses (area-under the curve, AUCs), the satiety rate and the AUCs of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides and ghrelin after the ingestion of four types of breads, each containing 50g of available CHO:
- 97 g handcrafted bread made with wheat organic flour;
- 97 g handcrafted bread with wheat flour of large-scale retail distribution;
- 94 g handcrafted bread with organic einkorn flour
86 g commercial precooked-frozen white bread.
16 healthy volunteers participated to this randomized cross-over trial. Each participant consumed the specific portion of a type of bread in the morning, after 8-12 h fasting. The other 3 types of bread are consumed by participants in the order determined by the randomization procedure, after a week each other.
At enrollment, all participants meet the inclusion criteria (see below). Nutrition and exercise advices are given for the day before each bread test. Participants should consume the bread portion in 15 minutes.
Blood samples are drawn every 30-min from fasting until 120-min after bread consumption. The following variables are evaluated at each time point: glucose, insulin, FFA, triglycerides, acylated ghrelin. The satiety rate is estimated every 30-min by the Satiety Labeled Intensity Magnitude scales.
Tipo di studio
Tipo di studio
Iscrizione (Effettivo)
Iscrizione
Fase
Fase
- Non applicabile
Criteri di partecipazione
Criteri di ammissibilità
Criteri di ammissibilità
Età idonea allo studio
Accetta volontari sani
Sessi ammissibili allo studio
Descrizione
Inclusion Criteria:
- body mass index (BMI) between 18 and 25 kg/m2
- healthy
- Accept to participate in the study
Exclusion Criteria:
- smokers
- subjects suffering from any diseases
- drug therapy
- dietary supplementation
- patients unable to give informed consent to participate in the study
Piano di studio
Come è strutturato lo studio?
Dettagli di progettazione
- Scopo principale: Prevenzione
- Assegnazione: Randomizzato
- Modello interventistico: Assegnazione incrociata
- Mascheramento: Separare
Numero di armi
Armi e interventi
Gruppo di partecipanti / ArmGruppo di partecipanti / Arm |
Intervento / TrattamentoIntervento / Trattamento |
|---|---|
|
Comparatore attivo: commercial bread, wheat flour
Intake of the specific kind of bread
|
To determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses (area-under the curve, AUCs), the satiety rate and the AUCs of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides and ghrelin after the ingestion of four types of breads, each containing 50g of available carbohydrates
|
|
Sperimentale: wheat, organic flour
Intake of the specific kind of bread
|
To determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses (area-under the curve, AUCs), the satiety rate and the AUCs of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides and ghrelin after the ingestion of four types of breads, each containing 50g of available carbohydrates
|
|
Sperimentale: wheat, supermarket flour
Intake of the specific kind of bread
|
To determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses (area-under the curve, AUCs), the satiety rate and the AUCs of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides and ghrelin after the ingestion of four types of breads, each containing 50g of available carbohydrates
|
|
Sperimentale: einkorn, organic flour
intake of the specific kind of bread
|
To determine the glycemic and insulinemic responses (area-under the curve, AUCs), the satiety rate and the AUCs of free fatty acids (FFA), triglycerides and ghrelin after the ingestion of four types of breads, each containing 50g of available carbohydrates
|
Cosa sta misurando lo studio?
Misure di risultato primarie
Misure di risultato primarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Glucose-under-the curve (AUC) after ingestion of 4 types of bread
Lasso di tempo: 0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Glycemic AUC is defined as the blood glucose increment over 2 hours in response to the consumption of the amount of bread providing 50 g of available carbohydrates
|
0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Misure di risultato secondarie
Misure di risultato secondarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Insulin-under-the curve (AUC) after ingestion of 4 types of bread
Lasso di tempo: 0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Insulinemic AUC is defined as the blood insulin increment over 2 hours in response to the consumption of the amount of bread providing 50 g of available carbohydrates
|
0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Altre misure di risultato
Altre misure di risultato
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
|
Free fatty acid (FFA) AUC after the ingestion of 4 types of bread
Lasso di tempo: 0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
FFA AUC is defined as the variation in FFA concentrations in response to the consumption of the amount of bread providing 50 g of available carbohydrates
|
0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
|
Ghrelin responses after the ingestion of 4 types of bread
Lasso di tempo: 0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Ghrelin AUC is defined as the variation in ghrelin concentrations in response to the consumption of the amount of bread providing 50 g of available carbohydrates
|
0 to 120 minutes after the ingestion of each bread
|
Collaboratori e investigatori
Sponsor
Sponsor
Investigatori
Investigatori
- Investigatore principale: Simona Bo, MD, University of Turin, Italy
Studiare le date dei record
Studia le date principali
Inizio studio
Inizio studio
Completamento primario (Effettivo)
Completamento primario
Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)
Completamento dello studio
Date di iscrizione allo studio
Primo inviato
Primo inviato
Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità
Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità
Primo Inserito (Stima)
Primo Inserito
Aggiornamenti dei record di studio
Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Stima)
Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato
Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC
Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC
Ultimo verificato
Ultimo verificato
Maggiori informazioni
Termini relativi a questo studio
Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi
Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
- Bo11/14
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