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Modified Versus Clear Twin Block for Skeletal Class II Malocclusion (MTB-CTB)

12 luglio 2026 aggiornato da: Feras baba, University of Aleppo

Evaluation of the Efficacy of Functional Therapy Using Modified Twin Block Versus Clear Twin Block in Class II Skeletal Patients: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a modified Twin Block appliance compared to a conventional clear Twin Block appliance in the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion caused by mandibular retrusion in growing patients.

This is a two-arm randomized controlled clinical trial including patients aged 10-13 years diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion. Participants will be randomly allocated into two equal groups.

Skeletal, dental, and soft tissue changes will be assessed using lateral cephalometric analysis and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Additionally, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) health, pain perception, and functional tolerance will be evaluated using standardized clinical indices and patient-reported outcome measures.

The study aims to compare the modified appliance with the conventional design in terms of skeletal improvement, TMJ safety, and patient acceptance.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Attivo, non reclutante

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

Skeletal and dentofacial anomalies, particularly Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion, represent one of the most prevalent orthodontic problems during growth. Functional appliances, especially the Twin Block appliance, are widely used to enhance mandibular development and correct jaw discrepancies. However, variations in treatment protocols, particularly regarding advancement mechanics and appliance modifications, may influence both skeletal outcomes and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) response.

This study aims to investigate the effects of a modified Twin Block appliance, incorporating progressive mandibular advancement and additional design modifications such as lower lip pads intended to influence muscular activity, compared to a conventional clear Twin Block appliance.

A two-arm randomized controlled trial will be conducted on growing patients aged 10-13 years diagnosed with skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion. Participants will be randomly allocated into two equal groups using a computer-generated randomization sequence with allocation concealment.

Skeletal and dental changes will be evaluated using lateral cephalometric radiographs and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT), with particular attention to condylar morphology, joint space dimensions, and craniofacial skeletal relationships. TMJ health will be assessed using the Helkimo Index. Patient comfort, pain perception, and functional adaptation will be evaluated using validated questionnaires administered at multiple time points throughout the treatment period.

Radiographic and clinical assessments will be performed at baseline (T0) and after 7 months of functional appliance therapy (T1). Repeated patient-reported outcome measures will be collected at predefined intervals during treatment.

The objective of this study is to determine whether the modified Twin Block appliance provides superior skeletal and functional outcomes while maintaining temporomandibular joint safety and improving patient tolerance compared to the conventional appliance.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Stimato)

40

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Backup dei contatti dello studio

Luoghi di studio

    • Aleppo Governorate
      • Aleppo, Aleppo Governorate, Siria
        • Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aleppo

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino

Accetta volontari sani

No

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Systemically healthy patients.
  • Patients willing to accept removable functional appliance therapy.
  • Skeletal Class II malocclusion (Angle Class II Division 1).
  • Skeletal Class II due to mandibular retrusion (ANB ≥ 5°, 6 mm ≤ OJ ≤ 13 mm , SNB ≤ 78°, with normal maxillary position).
  • Growth stage corresponding to MP3 stage or pre-pubertal peak according to hand-wrist radiograph (Björk and Helm, 1967).
  • No severe dental crowding in the dental arches and no significant maxillary dental protrusion.
  • Absence of congenital anomalies, trauma, burns, or surgical scars affecting the temporomandibular joint or craniofacial structures.
  • Absence of systemic or rheumatologic diseases affecting the temporomandibular joint.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Presence of clinical signs or symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders.
  • Functional mandibular deviation.
  • Previous orthodontic treatment.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Separare

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Modified Twin Block Group
Patients in this group will be treated using a modified Twin Block appliance incorporating progressive mandibular advancement and lower lip pads designed to influence muscular activity and enhance skeletal effects.
A modified Twin Block functional appliance incorporating progressive mandibular advancement and lower lip pads designed to modify muscular activity and enhance mandibular growth. The appliance is used for the treatment of skeletal Class II malocclusion due to mandibular retrusion in growing patients.
Altri nomi:
  • Progressive Twin Block
Comparatore attivo: Conventional Clear Twin Block Group
Patients in this group will be treated using a conventional clear Twin Block functional appliance for correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion.
A conventional clear Twin Block functional appliance used for correction of skeletal Class II malocclusion in growing patients. The appliance acts by posturing the mandible forward to stimulate functional and skeletal adaptation.
Altri nomi:
  • Clear Twin Block

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in mandibular skeletal position measured by SNB angle on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of sagittal mandibular skeletal position using the SNB angle (degrees) measured on standardized lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in effective mandibular length measured by Co-Gn distance on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of mandibular length using the Condylion-Gnathion (Co-Gn) linear measurement in millimeters obtained from lateral cephalometric analysis.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in condylar dimensions assessed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of temporomandibular condylar morphology using CBCT, including condylar length, condylar width, and condylar height measured in millimeters.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in temporomandibular joint spaces assessed using CBCT
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of condylar position within the glenoid fossa using CBCT measurements of anterior joint space (AJS), superior joint space (SJS), posterior joint space (PJS), and medial joint space (MJS), measured in millimeters.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms assessed using the Helkimo Anamnestic Index (Ai)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)

Assessment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction symptoms using the Helkimo Anamnestic Index questionnaire. The index classifies patients into:

  • Ai0: no symptoms
  • Ai1: mild symptoms
  • Ai2: severe symptoms Higher scores indicate greater temporomandibular dysfunction severity.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Patient-reported pain intensity assessed using a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS)
Lasso di tempo: 1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion
Assessment of pain intensity reported by patients using a numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10, where 0 indicates no pain and 10 indicates maximum pain.
1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion
Patient-reported discomfort and functional limitation assessed using a validated questionnaire
Lasso di tempo: 1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion
Assessment of appliance-related discomfort and functional or social impairment using a validated questionnaire adapted from Sergl and Zentner (1998), modified by Idris et al. (2012). The questionnaire evaluates pressure sensation, tooth sensitivity, speech impairment, swallowing difficulty, mouth restriction sensation, and social confidence using a numeric rating scale from 0 to 10. Higher scores indicate greater discomfort and poorer appliance acceptance.
1 week, 2 weeks, 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months after appliance insertion
Change in lower incisor inclination measured by IMPA on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of lower incisor inclination using the Incisor Mandibular Plane Angle (IMPA) measured in degrees on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in upper incisor inclination measured by U1-SN angle on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of upper incisor inclination using the upper incisor to SN plane angle (U1-SN) measured in degrees on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in overjet measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of overjet as the horizontal distance between upper and lower incisors measured in millimeters on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in overbite measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of overbite as the vertical overlap between upper and lower incisors measured in millimeters on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Change in sagittal molar relationship measured on lateral cephalometric radiographs
Lasso di tempo: Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)
Assessment of sagittal molar relationship using linear measurements in millimeters between upper and lower first molars on lateral cephalometric radiographs.
Baseline (T0) and after 7 months of treatment (T1)

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Investigatori

  • Direttore dello studio: Abdulmalek Majanni, PhD, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Aleppo

Pubblicazioni e link utili

La persona responsabile dell'inserimento delle informazioni sullo studio fornisce volontariamente queste pubblicazioni. Questi possono riguardare qualsiasi cosa relativa allo studio.

Pubblicazioni generali

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

17 maggio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

1 dicembre 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

1 dicembre 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

12 maggio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

20 maggio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

27 maggio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

14 luglio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

12 luglio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 luglio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • MClearTB
  • UADS-3478-26052024/SRC-1994 (Altro identificatore: University of Aleppo Local Ethics Committee)

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data will not be shared due to patient privacy and confidentiality considerations. The study involves pediatric orthodontic patients, and data will be reported in aggregate form only.

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .