Cognitive-Based Balance Rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease: Virtual Reality vs. Dual Task
Effects of Cognitive-Based Balance Rehabilitation on Balance, Gait and Cognitive Functions in Parkinson's Disease Patients: Comparison of Virtual Reality and Dual Task
Panoramica dello studio
Stato
Stato
Condizioni
Condizioni
Intervento / Trattamento
Intervento / Trattamento
Tipo di studio
Tipo di studio
Iscrizione (Stimato)
Iscrizione
Fase
Fase
- Non applicabile
Criteri di partecipazione
Criteri di ammissibilità
Criteri di ammissibilità
Età idonea allo studio
- Adulto
- Adulto più anziano
Accetta volontari sani
Descrizione
Inclusion Criteria:
- Diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease by a neurologist.
- Hoehn & Yahr Stage I-III.
- Aged between 40-80 years.
- Literate and capable of performing basic mathematical calculations.
- Montreal Cognitive Assessment≥21
- Stable pharmacological treatment.
- Physician's approval for exercise participation.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Currently participating in another exercise or drug trial.
- Presence of any additional neurological disorders.
- Significant musculoskeletal disorders, arthritis, or cardiovascular disease.
- Uncontrolled epilepsy or severe orthostatic hypotension.
- Engaged in regular moderate-intensity exercise more than once a week in the last 6 months.
Piano di studio
Come è strutturato lo studio?
Dettagli di progettazione
- Scopo principale: Trattamento
- Assegnazione: Randomizzato
- Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
- Mascheramento: Separare
Numero di armi
Armi e interventi
Gruppo di partecipanti / ArmGruppo di partecipanti / Arm |
Intervento / TrattamentoIntervento / Trattamento |
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Comparatore attivo: Dual Task Group
Participants in this group will undergo a supervised, structured therapeutic exercise program specifically designed for balance and postural control, which will be integrated with concurrent, increasingly complex cognitive tasks (such as counting backward, calculation, or memory retrieval).
The intervention will consist of 45-minute sessions held twice a week for 8 consecutive weeks, totaling 16 sessions.
All exercises will be conducted by a physiotherapist during the patients' pharmacological 'on' phase.
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A supervised physical therapy program consisting of motor balance and postural control exercises executed simultaneously with secondary cognitive tasks.
The physical component includes progressive static and dynamic balance training, functional gait training, and coordination exercises.
The concurrent cognitive tasks involve backward counting, mental arithmetic, and working memory retrieval.
The intervention is delivered in 45-minute sessions, twice a week for 8 weeks (16 sessions total) by a certified physiotherapist.
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Comparatore attivo: Virtual Reality Group
Participants in this group will engage in an immersive Virtual Reality (VR) balance rehabilitation program utilizing the Oculus Quest 3® headset.
They will play the clinically validated FIT-XR application, which is tailored to target upper and lower extremity coordinate functions and dynamic balance.
The exercise intensity, session duration (45 minutes), and frequency (twice a week for 8 weeks, totaling 16 sessions) will be identical to the Dual Task Group.
Sessions will be supervised by a physiotherapist during the patients' pharmacological 'on' phase, with full safety protocols implemented to prevent fall risks.
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An immersive virtual reality rehabilitation program utilizing the Oculus Quest 3® VR headset.
Participants engage in motion-based exercises within the clinically validated FIT-XR software application, specifically targeting multi-directional reaching, stepping, upper and lower limb coordination, and dynamic weight shifting.
The exercise intensity, session duration (45 minutes), and frequency (twice weekly for 8 weeks, 16 sessions total) are tightly matched to the Dual Task Group.
All sessions are fully supervised by a physiotherapist with standard safety measures.
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Cosa sta misurando lo studio?
Misure di risultato primarie
Misure di risultato primarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
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Mini-Balance Evaluations Systems Test
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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A 14-item clinical rating scale specifically focused on dynamic gait and postural control across four domains: anticipatory postural adjustments, reactive postural responses, sensory orientation, and dynamic gait.
Each item is scored on a scale from 0 (unable to perform) to 2 (normal performance).
The total score ranges from 0 to 28, where higher scores indicate better dynamic balance and superior postural performance.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Misure di risultato secondarie
Misure di risultato secondarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
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Montreal Cognitive Assessment
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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A 30-point screening instrument designed to detect mild cognitive impairment and dementia by evaluating short-term memory, visuospatial abilities, executive function, language, attention, concentration, working memory, and orientation.
The total score ranges from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating better global cognitive function.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Biodex Balance System
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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Postural stability (anterior-posterior stability index, mediolateral stability index, general stability index), fall risk index, and limits of stability will be assessed using the Biodex Balance System.
Higher scores on stability indices indicate poorer postural stability, while higher scores on limits of stability indicate better postural control.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale - Part III (Motor Examination)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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A comprehensive clinical rating scale used to evaluate the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease.
Part III involves the objective motor examination.
Each item is scored from 0 (unaffected) to 4 (most severely affected), yielding a total score ranging from 0 to 108.
Higher scores indicate greater disease severity and more pronounced motor impairment.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire-39
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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A 39-item self-administered, disease-specific health status instrument evaluating quality of life across 8 dimensions.
Each item is scored on a scale from 0 (never) to 4 (always).
Individual dimension scores and the global index are standardized to range from 0 to 100.
Higher scores indicate worse quality of life (more frequent difficulties), while lower scores reflect better health status.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Freezing of Gait Questionnaire
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and Week 8
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A 6-item self-report questionnaire designed to evaluate the severity of freezing of gait and its impact on walking performance.
It includes 4 items on freezing severity and 2 items on general walking difficulty, with each item scored from 0 to 4. The total score ranges from 0 to 24, where higher scores indicate more severe freezing of gait and a greater negative impact on gait performance.
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Baseline and Week 8
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Global Rating of Change Scale
Lasso di tempo: Post-intervention (Week 8)
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A 5-point Likert scale used to measure participants' subjective perception of overall health change and treatment satisfaction over the course of the study.
Total scores range from -2 to +2, where -2 represents "much worse", 0 represents "the same", and +2 represents "much better".
Higher scores indicate greater perceived improvement and higher treatment satisfaction.
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Post-intervention (Week 8)
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Virtual Reality Sickness Questionnaire
Lasso di tempo: Post-intervention (Week 8)
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A 9-item self-report questionnaire assessing general oculomotor discomfort and disorientation following the virtual reality intervention.
Items are scored using a 4-point Likert scale from 0 (none) to 3 (severe).
The total score ranges from 0 to 27, where higher scores indicate worse and more severe cyber-sickness symptoms.
This measure is evaluated only for the Virtual Reality Group.
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Post-intervention (Week 8)
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Maggiori informazioni
Termini relativi a questo studio
Parole chiave
Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi
- Sinucleinopatie
- Malattie del cervello
- Malattie del sistema nervoso centrale
- Malattie del sistema nervoso
- Disordini mentali
- Disturbi neurocognitivi
- Disturbi cognitivi
- Malattie Neurodegenerative
- Disturbi del movimento
- Malattie parkinsoniane
- Malattie dei gangli basali
- Condizioni patologiche, segni e sintomi
- Segni e sintomi
- Disfunzione cognitiva
- Morbo di Parkinson
- Limitazione della mobilità
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Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
- E-35700536-108.99-176309
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