Primary Versus Delayed Wound Closure in Complicated Appendectomy (The HIEDI-Yemen Trial) (HIEDI-Yemen)
A Comparative Study of Primary Versus Delayed Wound Closure Using the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage With Irrigation (HIEDI) Technique to Minimize Surgical Site Infection (SSI) Risk in Patients Undergoing Complicated Appendectomy
The goal of this clinical trial is to compare primary wound closure (PC) versus delayed primary closure (DPC) after standardized wound decontamination using the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) technique in patients undergoing open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis in Sana'a, Yemen.
The main questions it aims to answer are:
- Does primary closure with HIEDI result in a non-inferior or lower incidence of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) at 30 days compared with delayed primary closure with HIEDI?
- Does primary closure with HIEDI reduce length of hospital stay and improve the trajectory of objective wound healing compared with delayed primary closure with HIEDI?
- What is the impact of each closure method on patient satisfaction and health-related quality of life?
Researchers will compare the two groups to determine the optimal, evidence-based standard of care for wound management in complicated appendicitis within a resource-limited setting.
Participants will:
- Undergo open appendectomy for intraoperatively confirmed complicated appendicitis (perforation or gangrene).
- Receive standardized HIEDI wound decontamination (meticulous debridement and pulsatile irrigation with minimum 500 mL povidone-iodine 1:10 solution).
- Be randomly allocated to either primary closure (all layers closed at surgery) or delayed primary closure (skin/subcutaneous tissue left open and closed 3-5 days later).
- Attend follow-up visits at days 7, 14, and 30 for wound assessment, infection surveillance, and outcome evaluation.
Panoramica dello studio
Stato
Stato
Condizioni
Condizioni
Intervento / Trattamento
Intervento / Trattamento
Descrizione dettagliata
Complicated appendicitis (perforation or gangrene) is a significant cause of postoperative morbidity worldwide. Surgical Site Infection (SSI) is the most common complication, with reported rates exceeding 30% in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In Sana'a, Yemen, local data from Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital documented a 27.5% SSI rate specifically in this patient population. The optimal wound closure strategy-primary closure (PC) versus delayed primary closure (DPC)-remains debated, with previous studies yielding conflicting results largely due to lack of standardized intraoperative wound decontamination.
The High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) technique is a standardized, aggressive decontamination protocol combining meticulous debridement of wound edges with pulsatile high-pressure irrigation using a minimum of 500 mL of povidone-iodine solution (1:10 dilution). By applying HIEDI uniformly to both study arms, this trial isolates the effect of closure timing on SSI risk.
This is a prospective, multicenter, parallel-group, 1:1 randomized controlled superiority trial with blinded outcome assessment, conducted at three tertiary care hospitals in Sana'a, Yemen. The findings will provide high-level, locally generated evidence to establish a safe, resource-conscious standard of care for Yemen and similar settings.
Tipo di studio
Tipo di studio
Iscrizione (Stimato)
Iscrizione
Fase
Fase
- Non applicabile
Contatti e Sedi
Contatto studio
Contatto studio
- Nome: Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: a770378499@gmail.com
Backup dei contatti dello studio
- Nome: Dr. Yasser Abdurabo Obadiel, Associate Professor
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: Yasser.Obadiel@su.edu.ye
Luoghi di studio
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-
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Sanaa, Yemen
- Al-Thawra Modern General Hospital
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Contatto:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: a770378499@gmail.com
-
Contatto:
- Dr. Yasser Abdurabo Obadiel, Associate Professor
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: Yasser.Obadiel@su.edu.ye
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Investigatore principale:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
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Sanaa, Yemen
- Al-Gumhori Teaching Hospital
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Contatto:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: a770378499@gmail.com
-
Contatto:
- Dr. Yasser Abdurabo Obadiel, Associate Professor
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: Yasser.Obadiel@su.edu.ye
-
Investigatore principale:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
-
Sanaa, Yemen
- Al-Kuwaint University Hospital
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Contatto:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: a770378499@gmail.com
-
Contatto:
- Dr. Yasser Abdurabo Obadiel, Associate Professor
- Numero di telefono: +967770378499
- Email: Yasser.Obadiel@su.edu.ye
-
Investigatore principale:
- Dr. Abdulla Salem Faraj, M.D.
-
-
Criteri di partecipazione
Criteri di ammissibilità
Criteri di ammissibilità
Età idonea allo studio
- Bambino
- Adulto
- Adulto più anziano
Accetta volontari sani
Descrizione
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age 12 years and older
- Intraoperative diagnosis of complicated appendicitis (perforation or gangrene)
- Undergoing open appendectomy via McBurney or Rocky-Davis incision
- Ability to provide written informed consent (patient or legal guardian for minors)
- Availability for 30-day follow-up
Exclusion Criteria:
- Generalized peritonitis requiring midline laparotomy
- Immunocompromised status (e.g., chronic corticosteroid or immunosuppressive therapy, diagnosed HIV infection)
- Poorly controlled diabetes mellitus (Hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c] greater than 8%)
- Pregnancy
- Concurrent malignancy
- American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification IV or V
- Laparoscopic appendectomy
Piano di studio
Come è strutturato lo studio?
Dettagli di progettazione
- Scopo principale: Trattamento
- Assegnazione: Randomizzato
- Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
- Mascheramento: Separare
Numero di armi
Armi e interventi
Gruppo di partecipanti / ArmGruppo di partecipanti / Arm |
Intervento / TrattamentoIntervento / Trattamento |
|---|---|
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Sperimentale: Primary Closure with HIEDI
Participants undergo open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis followed by the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) protocol.
All wound layers including skin are closed at the time of initial surgery using the Primary Closure (PC) technique.
Target enrollment: 100 participants.
|
Following open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis, the surgical wound undergoes the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) protocol: meticulous debridement of wound edges and pulsatile high-pressure irrigation with a minimum of 500 mL of povidone-iodine solution (1:10 dilution).
All layers of the surgical wound, including the skin, are closed at the time of the initial surgery using standard techniques.
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Comparatore attivo: Delayed Primary Closure with HIEDI
Participants undergo open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis followed by the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) protocol.
Deep fascial layers are closed; subcutaneous tissue and skin are left open, packed with saline-soaked gauze, and closed at the bedside 3-5 days postoperatively if no infection signs are present using the Delayed Primary Closure (DPC) technique.
Target enrollment: 100 participants.
|
Following open appendectomy for complicated appendicitis, the surgical wound undergoes the High-Efficiency Incision and Drainage with Irrigation (HIEDI) protocol: meticulous debridement of wound edges and pulsatile high-pressure irrigation with a minimum of 500 mL of povidone-iodine solution (1:10 dilution).
The deep fascial layers are closed; the subcutaneous tissue and skin are left open, packed with saline-soaked gauze, and covered.
The wound is closed at the bedside 3-5 days postoperatively if no signs of infection are present.
|
Cosa sta misurando lo studio?
Misure di risultato primarie
Misure di risultato primarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
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Incidence of Surgical Site Infection (SSI) at 30 Days
Lasso di tempo: Up to 30 days postoperatively
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Surgical Site Infection (SSI) diagnosed according to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) criteria, classified as superficial incisional, deep incisional, or organ/space infection.
Assessed by trained outcome assessors blinded to treatment allocation.
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Up to 30 days postoperatively
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Misure di risultato secondarie
Misure di risultato secondarie
Misura del risultato |
Misura Descrizione |
Lasso di tempo |
|---|---|---|
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Objective Wound Healing Trajectory (ASEPSIS Score)
Lasso di tempo: Day 7, Day 14, and Day 30 postoperatively
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Objective assessment of wound healing and surgical site infection using the standardized ASEPSIS scoring system (evaluating criteria including erythema, serous discharge, purulent exudate, and separation of tissues).
Lower scores represent superior healing.
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Day 7, Day 14, and Day 30 postoperatively
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Length of Hospital Stay (days)
Lasso di tempo: From admission to discharge, assessed up to 30 days
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Total number of days from hospital admission to discharge.
Shorter stays indicate more efficient recovery.
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From admission to discharge, assessed up to 30 days
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Incidence of Other Postoperative Complications
Lasso di tempo: Up to 30 days postoperatively
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Incidence of wound dehiscence, intra-abdominal abscess, hematoma, seroma, and need for reintervention.
Binary (yes/no) for each complication.
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Up to 30 days postoperatively
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Patient Satisfaction Score (0-100 scale)
Lasso di tempo: Day 7, Day 14, Day 30
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Overall satisfaction with surgical care and recovery measured on a 0-100 scale using a study-specific validated questionnaire.
Higher scores indicate greater satisfaction.
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Day 7, Day 14, Day 30
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Health-Related Quality of Life (EQ-5D-5L score)
Lasso di tempo: Day 7, Day 14, Day 30
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Health-related quality of life assessed using the EuroQol 5-Dimension 5-Level (EQ-5D-5L) questionnaire.
Higher scores indicate better quality of life.
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Day 7, Day 14, Day 30
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Collaboratori e investigatori
Sponsor
Sponsor
Investigatori
Investigatori
- Direttore dello studio: Dr. Yasser Abdurabo Obadiel, Associate Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University
Studiare le date dei record
Studia le date principali
Inizio studio (Stimato)
Inizio studio
Completamento primario (Stimato)
Completamento primario
Completamento dello studio (Stimato)
Completamento dello studio
Date di iscrizione allo studio
Primo inviato
Primo inviato
Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità
Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità
Primo Inserito (Effettivo)
Primo Inserito
Aggiornamenti dei record di studio
Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)
Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato
Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC
Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC
Ultimo verificato
Ultimo verificato
Maggiori informazioni
Termini relativi a questo studio
Parole chiave
Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi
- Processi patologici
- Malattie intestinali
- Infezioni
- Malattie dell'apparato digerente
- Malattie gastrointestinali
- Gastroenterite
- Infezione della ferita
- Malattie cecali
- Infezioni intraddominali
- Condizioni patologiche, segni e sintomi
- Infezione della ferita chirurgica
- Complicanze postoperatorie
- Appendicite
Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio
- HIEDI-APP-2026-SANA
Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)
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Descrizione del piano IPD
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