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Effect of Nail Biting Habit on Mandibular Bone Structure: A Retrospective Radiological Study

31 luglio 2026 aggiornato da: DİLARA NİL GÜNAÇAR, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University Training and Research Hospital

Evaluation of the Effects of Nail Biting Habit on Mandibular Bone Structure Using Fractal Analysis and Panoramic Morphometric Indices: A Retrospective Radiological Study

Nail biting (onychophagia) is a common parafunctional habit characterized by repetitive and non-functional biting behavior. Although the effects of nail biting on dental structures and occlusion have been reported, its potential effects on mandibular bone structure remain unclear. This retrospective radiological study aims to evaluate the association between nail biting habit and mandibular bone characteristics using fractal analysis and panoramic morphometric indices. Existing panoramic radiographs of individuals with and without nail biting habits will be retrospectively analyzed. Trabecular bone complexity, mandibular cortical width, panoramic mandibular index, and Klemetti index values will be compared between groups to investigate whether nail biting habit is associated with alterations in mandibular bone morphology.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Non ancora reclutamento

Condizioni

Descrizione dettagliata

Nail biting (onychophagia) is classified as a body-focused repetitive behavior and represents a common parafunctional habit, particularly among children and adolescents. Continuous repetitive mechanical forces generated during nail biting may affect the stomatognathic system; however, the possible effects of this habit on mandibular bone structure have not been sufficiently investigated.

Fractal analysis is a radiological assessment method used to evaluate trabecular bone architecture by quantifying structural complexity. Higher fractal dimension values indicate increased complexity of bone patterns. In addition, panoramic morphometric indices such as mandibular cortical width, panoramic mandibular index, and Klemetti index provide information regarding cortical bone quality and quantity.

In this retrospective case-control study, existing panoramic radiographs of individuals with and without nail biting habits will be evaluated. Radiological parameters including fractal dimension, mandibular cortical width, panoramic mandibular index, and Klemetti index will be compared between groups. This study aims to determine whether nail biting habit is associated with measurable changes in mandibular trabecular and cortical bone characteristics.

Tipo di studio

Osservativo

Iscrizione (Stimato)

100

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Contatto studio

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino

Accetta volontari sani

Sì

Metodo di campionamento

Campione non probabilistico

Popolazione di studio

The study population will consist of systemically healthy children aged 8-10 years who previously underwent routine dental examination at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University. Existing panoramic radiographs obtained during routine clinical care will be retrospectively analyzed. Participants will be categorized into two groups according to the presence or absence of nail biting habit. A minimum of 100 participants will be included, with equal distribution between the nail biting habit group and the control group and balanced sex distribution. Mandibular bone characteristics will be evaluated using fractal dimension analysis and panoramic radiographic morphometric indices, including mandibular cortical width, panoramic mandibular index, mandibular cortical index (Klemetti index), and other mandibular bone measurements. No intervention will be performed; only existing radiographic records will be assessed.

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Children aged 8-10 years who were examined at the Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University.
  • Systemically healthy participants.
  • Participants with available diagnostic-quality panoramic radiographs obtained during routine dental examinations.
  • Participants with and without a history of nail biting habit.
  • Panoramic radiographs with sufficient image quality for fractal dimension analysis and mandibular morphometric measurements.
  • Radiographs without periapical pathology in teeth adjacent to the regions of interest (ROI) used for fractal analysis.
  • Participants with at least 20 existing teeth.
  • Radiographic records with available parental radiographic information and consent documentation.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Participants with systemic diseases or conditions that may affect bone metabolism, including diabetes mellitus, osteoporosis, osteomalacia, renal diseases, hypothyroidism, or hyperparathyroidism.
  • Participants using medications that may influence bone density or bone metabolism.
  • Participants with temporomandibular joint disorders affecting the subcondylar region.
  • Participants with mandibular pathological conditions, including cysts, tumors, or other lesions affecting mandibular bone structure.
  • Participants with periapical pathology adjacent to the regions selected for fractal analysis.
  • Participants with fewer than 20 teeth.
  • Panoramic radiographs with insufficient diagnostic quality or image artifacts that prevent reliable measurements.
  • Radiographs that do not allow accurate evaluation of mandibular cortical and trabecular bone parameters.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

Coorti e interventi

Gruppo / Coorte
Nail Biting Habit Group
This cohort includes systemically healthy children aged 8-10 years with a documented nail biting habit. Existing panoramic radiographs obtained during routine dental examinations will be retrospectively analyzed. Mandibular trabecular bone structure will be evaluated using fractal dimension analysis, and cortical bone characteristics will be assessed using mandibular cortical width, panoramic mandibular index, and Klemetti index measurements. No intervention will be performed.
Control Group Without Nail Biting Habit
This cohort includes systemically healthy children aged 8-10 years without a history of nail biting habit. Existing panoramic radiographs obtained during routine dental examinations will be retrospectively analyzed using the same radiological evaluation methods. Mandibular trabecular and cortical bone characteristics will be compared with those of the nail biting habit group. No intervention will be performed.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Mandibular Trabecular Bone Structure Assessed by Fractal Dimension Analysis
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
Mandibular trabecular bone architecture will be evaluated using fractal dimension analysis on panoramic radiographs. Fractal dimension measurements will be performed using the box-counting method described by White and Rudolph. Four regions of interest (ROIs) in the mandible will be analyzed, including the condylar subcortical region, supracortical region above the mandibular angle, area above the mandibular canal distal to the mental foramen, and anterior region of the mental foramen. Measurements will be performed bilaterally, and the mean fractal dimension value will be calculated for each participant. Higher fractal dimension values indicate greater trabecular bone complexity. The fractal dimension values will be compared between individuals with and without nail biting habit.
Baseline

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Panoramic Mandibular Index (PMI)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline
The panoramic mandibular index (PMI) will be calculated on panoramic radiographs as the ratio of mandibular cortical width to the distance between the inferior border of the mandible and the inferior margin of the mental foramen. Measurements will be performed bilaterally, and the mean value will be used for analysis.
Baseline

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Stimato)

27 luglio 2026

Completamento primario (Stimato)

5 agosto 2026

Completamento dello studio (Stimato)

7 agosto 2026

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

28 luglio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

31 luglio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

3 agosto 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

3 agosto 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

31 luglio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 luglio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • 2026/315

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .