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Personalized 3D Visualization for Oral Hygiene and Motivation in Adults With Gingivitis

14 settembre 2026 aggiornato da: Zeynep AKGÜL, Abant Izzet Baysal University

This study evaluated whether personalized three-dimensional images of possible future changes in the gums could improve oral hygiene and motivation in adults with gingivitis. Gingivitis is inflammation of the gums associated with dental plaque.

Eighty-four adults aged 18-60 years were randomly assigned to three groups of 28 participants. The groups received conventional oral hygiene education, general three-dimensional educational animations, or personalized three-dimensional visualization using models created from their own intraoral scans. All participants received the same nonsurgical periodontal treatment and instruction in toothbrushing and cleaning between the teeth.

The personalized images illustrated possible gum recession and tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected. They were educational scenarios, not individual predictions of future disease. Personalized visualization was accompanied by a clinician-guided motivational discussion.

Dental plaque, gum inflammation, gum bleeding, and motivation toward dental treatment were assessed before treatment and six weeks later. The study compared these outcomes among the three educational approaches.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

88

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

    • Central
      • Bolu, Central, Turchia (Türkiye), 14100
        • Faculty of Dentistry, Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal University, Department of Periodontics

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Adulto

Accetta volontari sani

Sì

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18-60 years. Systemically healthy. Diagnosis of gingivitis according to the 2017 World Workshop classification. At least 20 natural teeth, excluding third molars. At least 12 years of formal education. Turkish as the native language. Probing depths ≤3 mm. Bleeding on probing at more than 10% of sites. Visible plaque at more than 50% of sites. Provision of written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Dentists or dental students. Previous periodontal treatment or structured oral hygiene education. Use of antibiotics or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs within the preceding 3 months.

Generalized gingival recession or dentin hypersensitivity. Full-arch fixed or removable prostheses. Acute odontogenic infections. Overhanging or defective restorations, or root caries that could affect oral hygiene practices.

Active orthodontic treatment. Communicable diseases such as hepatitis or HIV infection. Cognitive, systemic, or physical conditions that could interfere with understanding the educational content or performing oral hygiene practices.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Trattamento
  • Assegnazione: Randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Doppio

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Comparatore attivo: Conventional Method (CM)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and conventional face-to-face oral hygiene education supported by practical demonstrations using a dental model and a written information leaflet. Education covered periodontal disease, dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices, including the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
Face-to-face education delivered by a clinician using a dental model and a written information leaflet. The content covered the causes of periodontal diseases, the role of dental plaque, and daily oral hygiene practices. Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
Comparatore attivo: Three-Dimensional Animation (3DA)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software. The educational content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care. General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control. Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
Clinician-guided oral hygiene education using DentalMaster three-dimensional educational software. The content covered the causes and clinical signs of periodontal diseases, periodontal treatment, and daily oral care. General three-dimensional animations illustrated potential gingival recession, periodontal tissue loss, and tooth loss associated with inadequate plaque control. Participants received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
Comparatore attivo: Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP)
Participants received nonsurgical periodontal treatment and clinician-guided education on periodontal disease and daily oral care. Personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system illustrated potential gingival recession and visible tissue changes if periodontal care and plaque control were neglected. Images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions. Visualization was accompanied by a motivational discussion addressing personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene. Participants were instructed in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.
Participants viewed general educational animations about periodontal disease, treatment, and daily oral care, followed by personalized three-dimensional dentogingival models generated from their own intraoral scans using the Periodontal Disease Prediction (PDP) system. The models illustrated potential gingival recession and visible periodontal tissue changes if periodontal care and daily plaque control were neglected. These images were presented as conditional educational scenarios, not individualized prognostic predictions. A clinician-guided motivational discussion addressed personal goals and barriers to oral hygiene. Participants also received instruction in the modified Bass toothbrushing technique and appropriate interdental cleaning.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in Full-Mouth Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index From Baseline to Week 6
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
Dental plaque was assessed using the Rustogi Modified Navy Plaque Index (RMNPI) after application of a plaque-disclosing agent. The facial and lingual/palatal surfaces of each eligible tooth were divided into nine areas, scored as 0 for absence of plaque or 1 for presence of plaque. The full-mouth score was calculated as the proportion of assessed areas with plaque, ranging from 0 to 1, with higher scores indicating more plaque. Third molars and teeth with crowns or cervical restorations were excluded. Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
Baseline and 6 weeks

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in Full-Mouth Gingival Index From Baseline to Week 6
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
Gingival inflammation was assessed using the Löe and Silness Gingival Index at four sites around each tooth. Scores range from 0 to 3, with higher scores indicating more severe gingival inflammation. A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant. Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Change in Full-Mouth Papillary Bleeding Index From Baseline to Week 6
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
Interdental gingival bleeding was assessed using the Papillary Bleeding Index (PBI). Interdental papillae were scored from 0 to 4 according to the severity of bleeding elicited after probing, with higher scores indicating more severe bleeding. A full-mouth mean score was calculated for each participant. Change was calculated as the week 6 score minus the baseline score; negative values indicate improvement.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Intrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
Intrinsic motivation was assessed using the seven-item intrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS). Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater intrinsic motivation. Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
Baseline and 6 weeks
Extrinsic Motivation Assessed by the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and 6 weeks
Extrinsic motivation was assessed using the eight-item extrinsic motivation subscale of the Dental Treatment Motivation Scale (DTMS). Each item was rated on a five-point Likert scale from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). The mean item score was calculated, ranging from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater extrinsic motivation. Scores were assessed at baseline and week 6 and compared among the three study groups.
Baseline and 6 weeks

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

15 agosto 2021

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

15 novembre 2021

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

15 dicembre 2021

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

14 settembre 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

14 settembre 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

17 settembre 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

17 settembre 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

14 settembre 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 settembre 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • BAİBU-Perio-ZA-05

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .