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A Piaget-Based Nutrition Education Intervention in Preschool Children (PNEP)

13 luglio 2026 aggiornato da: Perihan Solmaz, Uşak University

The Effect of Piaget-Based Nutrition Education on Food Consumption, Nutrition, and Eating Behaviors in Preschool Children: A Mixed Methods Study

This study examined whether a nutrition education program based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development could improve preschool children's eating habits and food choices. Children attending preschools connected to the Provincial Directorate of National Education, along with their mothers, took part in the study. Some children received six sessions of nutrition education designed according to how young children think and learn (Piaget's theory), while other children did not receive this education and served as a comparison group. Before and after the program, researchers measured children's food consumption, nutrition-related behaviors, and eating behaviors using questionnaires completed by mothers. After the program ended, researchers also talked with a smaller group of mothers in more detail to better understand their experiences and observations. The results showed that children who received the nutrition education improved their food consumption and nutrition-related behaviors. However, the program did not appear to change children's general eating behaviors, such as picky eating or appetite. Mothers' descriptions of their children's experiences helped explain these findings in more depth. These results suggest that nutrition education based on how young children think and learn can help improve what children eat, but changing broader eating behaviors may require additional strategies that also address psychological, cultural, and social factors.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

238

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

  • Turchia (Türkiye)
      • Uşak, Turchia (Türkiye), 64200
        • Preschools affiliated with the Provincial Directorate of National Education, Uşak

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

  • Bambino

Accetta volontari sani

Sì

Descrizione

The sample of the study consists of preschool children and their mothers.

Inclusion criteria for the sample:

  • Mothers of children aged 3-6 attending kindergartens affiliated with the Provincial Directorate of National Education
  • Mothers whose children do not have any health problems affecting their nutritional status
  • Mothers aged 18 and above
  • Mothers who are at least literate.

The exclusion criteria for the study are as follows:

  • Children with hearing and speech problems,
  • Children who do not understand or speak Turkish,
  • Children with any illness or learning difficulties,
  • Those who participate for a maximum of 2 weeks during the six-week nutrition training.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Prevenzione
  • Assegnazione: Non randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: Piaget-Based Nutrition Education
Children and mothers in this group received six sessions of nutrition education based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development.
Comportamentale: Piaget-Based Nutrition Education Program
A nutrition education program consisting of six weekly sessions, each lasting 30 minutes, delivered to preschool children by the researcher. The program was developed based on Piaget's theory of cognitive development and designed to match the cognitive developmental stage of preschool-aged children (approximately 3-6 years). Sessions aimed to improve children's food consumption, nutrition knowledge, and eating behaviors through age-appropriate, interactive educational activities.
Nessun intervento: No Intervention
Children and mothers in this group did not receive the nutrition education program.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in Food Consumption
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention
In the Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire, there are foods that include 7 food groups (dairy group, meat group, vegetable group, fruit group, grain group, oil/margarine group, and sweet group) aimed at determining the child's food consumption status (Güneş et al., 2016). Food consumption frequency is recorded in nine different categories (>6/day, 4-5/day, 2-3/day, 1/day, 5-6/week, 2-4/week, 1/week, 1-3/month, 1-none/month). The Food Consumption Frequency Questionnaire specific to Turkish children was developed by Güneş and colleagues in 2016. The form includes not only food items but also commonly used ingredients in Turkish cuisine. During the development phase of the form, a food atlas containing the most frequently consumed foods, beverages, and some Turkish dishes was used.
Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention
Change in Nutrition Behavior Scale (NBS) Score
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention
In determining eating behaviors, the Nutrition Behavior Scale developed by Edmundson et al. (1996) and adapted for Turkish children by Öztürk and Erdoğan (2010) was used. The scale consists of fourteen different items, each containing two different food items-low-fat, high-fat, salty, and unsalted-depicted in pictures and presented as choices, to determine children's food consumption. Students are asked to indicate which of the two comparable food items in each question item they eat more. The scale items receive a value of -1 for unhealthy food and +1 for healthy food. The total score ranges from -14 to +14. A high total score on the scale indicates a healthy eating habit. The reliability of the scale has been reported as r=0.76 (Öztürk, 2010).
Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention
Change in Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) Subscale Scores
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention
Developed by Wardle et al. in 2001, the CEBQ (Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire) is a Likert-type questionnaire answered by parents, consisting of 8 subscales, that evaluates children's eating behavior across 35 items on a 5-point scale (1=never, 5=always). In the original study where the scale was developed, an eight-dimensional factor structure emerged during the development of the questionnaire, and it was shown that the total variance explained by these eight subscales ranged between 50% and 80%. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients of the eight sub-dimensions ranged between 0.74 and 0.91. The validity and reliability of the scale in Turkey were conducted by Yılmaz and colleagues (2011). This 35-item questionnaire consists of 8 subscales that evaluate the behaviors of enjoying food, food craving, drinking passion, satiety craving, emotional overeating, emotional undereating, slow eating, and food neophobia. The Cronbach's alpha coefficients obtained from ÇYDA's study were 0.69
Baseline and immediately after completion of the six-week intervention

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Uşak University

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

30 settembre 2022

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

20 febbraio 2023

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

30 giugno 2023

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

7 luglio 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

7 luglio 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

13 luglio 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

15 luglio 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

13 luglio 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 luglio 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Termini MeSH pertinenti aggiuntivi

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • PAU-BESEG-2026-01

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .

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