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Evaluating Customized Antibiotic Duration (CDA) Strategy in Acute Exacerbations of COPD (CDA)

2026年7月14日 更新者:Fazal Rabbi、Capital Development Authority (CDA) Hospital Islamabad

Evaluating Customized Antibiotic Duration (CDA) Strategy in Acute Exacerbations of COPD: Protocol for Randomized Controlled Trial

Introduction Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD) are a major source of morbidity, mortality and antibiotic consumption worldwide. Although international guidance now recommends short antibiotic courses for AECOPD, prescribing in many tertiary hospitals in Pakistan is neither standardised nor guideline-concordant, and prolonged courses remain common. Reducing unnecessary antibiotic exposure is a recognised strategy to contain antimicrobial resistance (AMR), but locally generated evidence on the safety and efficacy of shorter courses is lacking.

Method and analysis This multicentre, prospective, parallel-group, open-label, randomised controlled non-inferiority trial will compare a 7-day antibiotic regimen (experimental) with the locally conventional 14-day regimen (active control) in adults hospitalised with AECOPD requiring antibiotics. Participants will be randomised 1:1 with allocation stratified by site. The primary outcome is clinical success at Day 30 after randomisation, defined as resolution or substantial improvement of baseline exacerbation symptoms without need for additional systemic antibiotics, major treatment modification, or readmission for treatment failure. Assuming 80% clinical success in both arms, a non-inferiority margin of 7-or8 percentage points, one-sided α = 0.025 and 80% power, 251 participants per arm are required; allowing for 10% attrition, the target is 558 participants (279 per arm). The primary analysis will estimate the between-group risk difference with its two-sided 95% confidence interval in both the intention-to-treat and per-protocol populations; non-inferiority will be concluded if the lower confidence limit lies above 10 percentage points in both populations. Secondary outcomes include time to symptom resolution, antibiotic-related adverse events, treatment failure, relapse, rehospitalisation, all-cause mortality and antibiotic consumption.

Ethics and dissemination The ethical approval has been obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the hospital (IRB-113-07-08-25). The outcomes and findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journal articles and will engage policymakers on various forums, including clinical settings.

Discussion The optimal duration of antibiotic therapy for AECOPD remains uncertain. Shorter treatment courses may reduce antibiotic exposure, adverse events, and the development of AMR. This trial will compare the effectiveness and safety of 7-day and 14-day antibiotic regimens in patients with AECOPD. The findings may help inform clinical guidelines and promote more appropriate antibiotic use.

調査の概要

状態

まだ募集していません

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

Customised duration of antibiotic strategy appears to be a patient-centred approach that could be effective in avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use without compromising patient outcomes. However, insufficient evidence is available on the safety and efficacy of CAD in hospitals for treating AECOPD. Therefore, the study aims to assess the implementation of the CAD strategy in hospital settings.

Comparators choice The active comparator is a 14-day antibiotic course, representing the entrenched usual-care duration in participating hospitals rather than an internationally endorsed standard. Because the question is whether reduced antibiotic exposure preserves clinical benefit without an unacceptable loss of efficacy, an active-controlled non-inferiority design is appropriate. Framing 14 days as "usual care" (not as a guideline standard) is essential for correct interpretation, given that GOLD recommends 5 days.

Intervention description Participants in the experimental arm will receive a 7-day course, and those in the control arm a 14-day course of the same class of antibiotic. To preserve pragmatism and external validity, the specific agent will be selected by the treating physician according to institutional practice, suspected aetiology, available microbiology and patient factors; only the planned duration differs between arms. The agent, dose, route, frequency and any modification will be recorded on the case report form (CRF). All non-duration components of care - including microbiological sampling, patient education and counselling - will be applied identically in both arms so that the randomised contrast is restricted to treatment duration.

The duration thresholds and supporting clinical materials were informed by a formative consensus process using the Delphi method. Three structured rounds involving approximately 30 experts (prescribers, pharmacists and academics) from participating and reference hospitals (convened in January 2026) were used to agree on the intervention components and supporting materials; items not reaching ≥80% agreement after the third round were discarded. This consensus work informed the design of the intervention, but does not itself constitute a co-intervention that differs between arms-the intervention development strategies with Delphi and expert panellists.

Clinical success is defined as resolution or substantial improvement of signs and symptoms of AECOPD present at baseline, without the need for additional systemic antibiotic therapy, assessed at Day 7 and up to 14 (±2 days) after randomization.

A detailed file is uploaded in the documents section.

研究の種類

介入

入学 (推定)

502

段階

  • 適用できない

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

  • 名前:Fazal Rabbi, MD
  • 電話番号:+923035646227
  • メール:faiz@bjmu.edu.cn

研究場所

    • Pakistan
      • Islamabad、Pakistan、パキスタン、44000
        • CDA Hospital Islamabad
        • コンタクト:

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

いいえ

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Adults aged 18 years or older
  • Physician-diagnosed COPD, confirmed by post-bronchodilator spirometry (FEV1/FVC < 0.70) where available, or by documented prior spirometry consistent with COPD
  • Current acute exacerbation of COPD requiring antibiotic therapy in the judgment of the treating physician, with at least two cardinal symptoms (increased dyspnoea, sputum volume, or sputum purulence)
  • Able and willing to provide written informed consent and to comply with study procedures and follow-up

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Documented infection requiring a defined prolonged antibiotic course (e.g. pneumonia with complications, bronchiectasis exacerbation, lung abscess, empyema)
  • Need for immediate intensive care admission or invasive mechanical ventilation at presentation
  • Severe immunosuppression (e.g. neutropenia, active malignancy on chemotherapy, organ transplantation, advanced HIV)
  • Suspected or confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis or another respiratory infection requiring a different antimicrobial approach
  • Pregnancy or breastfeeding
  • Prior enrolment in this trial or current participation in another interventional AECOPD trial.

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか?

デザインの詳細

  • 主な目的:ヘルスサービス研究
  • 割り当て:ランダム化
  • 介入モデル:並列代入
  • マスキング:ダブル

武器と介入

参加者グループ / アーム
介入・治療
実験的:7-Day Antibiotic Course (Customized Duration)
Participants in this arm will receive a 7-day course of a systemic antibiotic, selected by the treating physician according to institutional practice, suspected aetiology, and available microbiology.
Participants in this arm will receive a 7-day course of a systemic antibiotic. The specific agent will be selected by the treating physician according to institutional practice, suspected aetiology, available microbiology and patient factors. The agent, dose, route, frequency and any modification will be recorded on the case report form (CRF). Microbiological sampling, patient education and counselling will be provided as part of routine care.
他の名前:
  • CDA
アクティブコンパレータ:14-Day Antibiotic Course (Usual Care)
Participants in this arm will receive a 14-day course of a systemic antibiotic. The specific agent will be selected by the treating physician according to institutional practice, suspected aetiology, available microbiology and patient factors. The agent, dose, route, frequency and any modification will be recorded on the case report form (CRF). Microbiological sampling, patient education and counselling will be provided as part of routine care.
Participants in this arm will receive a 14-day course of a systemic antibiotic. The specific agent will be selected by the treating physician according to institutional practice, suspected aetiology, available microbiology and patient factors. The agent, dose, route, frequency and any modification will be recorded on the case report form (CRF). Microbiological sampling, patient education and counselling will be provided as part of routine care.
他の名前:
  • CDA

この研究は何を測定していますか?

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Number of Participants with Clinical Success at Day 7 and Day 14
時間枠:7 and 14 days after randomization
The primary outcome is clinical success at day 7 and 14 after randomisation, defined as resolution or substantial improvement of the exacerbation-related signs and symptoms present at baseline, without the need for additional systemic antibiotic therapy, major treatment modification, or hospital readmission attributable to treatment failure.
7 and 14 days after randomization

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
1. Number of Participants with Clinical Success, Treatment Failure, Relapse, Rehospitalization, Adverse Events, or Death
時間枠:Up to 30 days (clinical success assessed at Day 7 and Day 14)
Composite reporting of participant-level clinical events: (a) clinical success at end of allocated therapy (Day 7 and Day 14); (b) treatment failure, defined as need for additional or alternative systemic antibiotics; (c) relapse of exacerbation during follow-up; (d) rehospitalization for any cause and for AECOPD; (e) antibiotic-related adverse events and serious adverse events; (f) all-cause mortality. Each is reported as the number of participants experiencing the event; no aggregation into a single combined score is performed.
Up to 30 days (clinical success assessed at Day 7 and Day 14)
Time to Resolution of Exacerbation Symptoms
時間枠:Up to 30 days
Time, in days, from randomization to resolution of exacerbation-related signs and symptoms.
Up to 30 days
Total Antibiotic Consumption per Participant
時間枠:Up to 30 days
Total antibiotic consumption per participant, expressed in defined daily doses (DDD).
Up to 30 days

協力者と研究者

ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。

スポンサー

捜査官

  • 主任研究者:Fazal Rabbi, MD、Capital Development Authority (CDA) Hospital Islamabad

出版物と役立つリンク

研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (推定)

2026年8月1日

一次修了 (推定)

2026年12月31日

研究の完了 (推定)

2027年2月28日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年7月3日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年7月14日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年7月16日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年7月16日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年7月14日

最終確認日

2026年7月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • IRB-113-07-08-25

個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画

個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?

いいえ

医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書

米国FDA規制医薬品の研究

いいえ

米国FDA規制機器製品の研究

いいえ

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