Effects of Beef-Forward Ready-to-Eat Meals on Recovery Following Simulated Fire Suppression Activities (FIRE-BEEF)
Effects of Beef-forward Ready-to-eat Meals Before and After Simulated Fire Suppressive Activities on Markers of Cardiometabolic Health, Catabolism, and Recovery: A Pilot Feasibility Study
This clinical trial aims to determine whether consuming beef-based protein before and after physically demanding simulated firefighting activities improves recovery, physical performance, and cognitive performance in healthy adult firefighters. The study will also compare beef-based protein meals with plant-based protein meals.
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
Does consuming beef-based protein reduce changes in markers of muscle damage, physiological stress, and muscle soreness following a simulated fire ground test?
Does consuming beef-based protein help maintain or improve physical and cognitive performance during recovery compared with plant-based protein?
Researchers will compare two ready-to-eat meal conditions: beef-based protein, and plant-based protein. Each participant will complete all two conditions in a randomized crossover design, with 14 to 21 days between conditions.
調査の概要
状態
状態
条件
条件
介入・治療
介入・治療
詳細な説明
Firefighting is a physically and cognitively demanding occupation characterized by repeated exposure to strenuous activity, heat stress, heavy personal protective equipment, and time-sensitive occupational tasks. These demands can produce substantial physiological stress and fatigue that may influence recovery and readiness for subsequent occupational activities. Despite the importance of maintaining readiness between demanding events, relatively little is known about how short-term dietary strategies, particularly protein source and intake, influence recovery in career firefighters.
This study will examine the effects of short-term consumption of ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) differing in protein source and quantity on physiological recovery and occupational performance following strenuous simulated firefighting activity. The study uses a randomized, double-blind, repeated-measures crossover design in healthy adult career firefighters. Participants will complete two experimental conditions separated by a 14- to 21-day washout period. The dietary conditions consist of beef-based protein RTEM and plant-based protein RTEM. The beef- and plant-based conditions are designed to provide comparable energy and macronutrient intake while allowing investigation of potential differences associated with protein source.
During each experimental condition, participants will complete a simulated fire ground test (FGT) consisting of nine occupationally relevant firefighting tasks while wearing personal protective equipment and a self-contained breathing apparatus. The FGT includes hose deployment and pulling, charged hose deployment, equipment carrying, a low-room search, forcible entry, ladder carrying, stair climbing and hose hoisting, ceiling breach activities, and a victim-dummy drag. Measures of FGT completion time, heart rate, air consumption, and work efficiency will be collected to characterize occupational performance and physiological demand.
Recovery will be evaluated before the simulated firefighting activity and during the subsequent recovery period. Assessments will characterize blood-based markers of catabolism, immune stress, muscle damage, and clinical safety, as well as muscle soreness, mood, cognitive function, vertical jump performance, and subsequent occupational performance.
The primary hypothesis is that the beef-based RTEM condition will attenuate catabolic responses, immune stress, muscle damage, soreness, and perceptions of fatigue following the FGT while supporting the maintenance or recovery of cognitive and physical performance. The inclusion of plant-based protein condition will help determine whether recovery responses differ according to dietary protein source and protein quantity.
The findings are intended to provide preliminary evidence regarding practical, food-based nutritional strategies that may support recovery and occupational readiness among firefighters following strenuous firefighting activity.
研究の種類
研究の種類
入学 (推定)
入学
段階
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
研究連絡先
研究連絡先
- 名前:Drew E Gonzalez, PhD
- 電話番号:2107888616
- メール:drewgonzalez418@shsu.edu
研究場所
-
-
Texas
-
Fort Worth、Texas、アメリカ、76115
- 募集
- Bob Bolen Public Safety Complex Administration
-
コンタクト:
- Drew E Gonzalez, PhD
- 電話番号:2107888616
- メール:drewgonzalez418@shsu.edu
-
副調査官:
- Andrew Wolfe, EdD
-
副調査官:
- Nick Barringer, PhD
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副調査官:
- Brian Newman, PhD
-
コンタクト:
- Brian Newman, PhD
- 電話番号:360-393-5702
- メール:Brian.Newman@fortworthtexas.gov
-
副調査官:
- David Church, PhD
-
副調査官:
- Austin Garybeal, PhD
-
Huntsville、Texas、アメリカ、77340
- 募集
- Sam Houston State University
-
コンタクト:
- Drew E Gonzalez, PhD
- 電話番号:2107888616
- メール:drewgonzalez418@shsu.edu
-
-
参加基準
適格基準
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
- 大人
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- 18 to 60 years of age
- Current trained male or female firefighter with the Fort Worth Fire Department
- Able to comply with all study procedures and the study timeline
- Willing to consume only the study-provided ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) during designated study periods
- Willing to refrain from alcohol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), aspirin, and over-the-counter pain medications for 48 hours before testing sessions
- Available to complete the study visits and required testing procedures
Exclusion Criteria:
- Younger than 18 years or older than 60 years
- Not a current firefighter with the Fort Worth Fire Department
- Pregnant, breastfeeding, or planning to become pregnant during the study
- Orthopedic or musculoskeletal limitations that prevent safe completion of the vertical jump or simulated fire ground test
- Use of weight-loss dietary supplements or medications within the previous 2 weeks
- Unwilling to refrain from alcohol, NSAIDs, aspirin, or over-the-counter pain medications for 48 hours before testing sessions
- Unwilling or unable to consume only the study-provided RTEM during designated study periods
- Heavy smoking, defined as more than 1 pack of cigarettes per day during the previous 3 months
- Allergy to any of the protein sources or study foods
研究計画
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:処理
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:クロスオーバー割り当て
- マスキング:ダブル
アーム数
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療介入・治療 |
|---|---|
|
アクティブコンパレータ:Plant-Based Protein Ready-to-Eat Meals
Participants will consume plant-based protein ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) during this comparator condition.
Meals will be designed to approximate the energy and macronutrient content of the pork-based condition, providing approximately 700-800 kcal, 80 g carbohydrate, 50 g protein, and 30 g fat per meal, with plant-based foods such as soy, tempeh, or tofu as the primary protein sources.
Participants will consume the study-provided meals surrounding the simulated fire ground testing and recovery period, with the same physiological, cognitive, and physical performance outcomes assessed.
|
Plant-Based Protein Ready-to-Eat Meals: Participants will consume study-provided ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) in which plant-based foods serve as the primary protein source.
Plant protein sources may include soy, tempeh, tofu, and other soy-based foods.
Meals are designed to provide approximately 700 - 800 kcal, 80 g carbohydrate, 50 g protein, and 30 g fat per meal, with total daily protein intake targeted at approximately 1.4-2.0
g/kg/day.
Plant-based meals will be provided during the approximately 3-day experimental period surrounding the simulated fire ground test and subsequent recovery assessments and will be matched as closely as feasible to the pork-based condition for energy and macronutrient content.
|
|
実験的:Beef-Based Protein Ready-to-Eat Meals
Participants will consume beef-based protein ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) during this experimental condition.
Meals will provide approximately 700.- 800 kcal, 80 g carbohydrate, 50 g protein, and 30 g fat per meal, with lean beef serving as the primary protein source.
The dietary intervention is designed to provide a total daily protein intake consistent with study targets.
Participants will consume the study-provided meals surrounding the simulated fire ground testing and recovery period, with physiological, cognitive, and physical performance outcomes assessed during recovery.
|
Beef-Based Protein Ready-to-Eat Meals: Participants will consume study-provided ready-to-eat meals (RTEM) in which lean beef serves as the primary protein source.
Meals are designed to provide approximately 700 - 800 kcal, 80 g carbohydrate, 50 g protein, and 30 g fat per meal, with total daily protein intake targeted at approximately 1.4-2.0
g/kg/day.
Beef-based meals will be provided during the approximately 3-day experimental period surrounding the simulated fire ground test and subsequent recovery assessments.
Meals are designed to match the energy and macronutrient content of the plant-based protein condition.
|
この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Testosterone and Cortisol
時間枠:Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
Serum testosterone and cortisol concentrations will be measured to characterize anabolic and catabolic hormonal responses following the simulated fire ground test.
Changes in testosterone, cortisol, and the testosterone-to-cortisol ratio will be compared across dietary conditions.
|
Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
|
Change in Serum Creatine Kinase
時間枠:Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
Serum creatine kinase (CK) concentration will be measured as a marker of muscle damage and recovery following the simulated fire ground test.
Changes in CK will be compared across the pork-based protein, plant-based protein, and carbohydrate-focused lower-protein dietary conditions.
|
Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
|
Change in Perceived Muscle Soreness
時間枠:Pre-fire ground test and 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
Participants will report perceived muscle soreness to characterize subjective recovery following the simulated fire ground test.
Muscle soreness responses will be compared across dietary conditions.
|
Pre-fire ground test and 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
|
Fire Ground Test Completion Time
時間枠:During each simulated fire ground test on Day 1 (baseline) and Day 4 (72 hour mark)
|
Total time required to complete the simulated fire ground test (FGT) will be recorded as a measure of occupational firefighting performance.
The FGT consists of standardized firefighting-related tasks performed while wearing personal protective equipment and a self-contained breathing apparatus.
|
During each simulated fire ground test on Day 1 (baseline) and Day 4 (72 hour mark)
|
二次結果の測定
二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in Complete Blood Count With Differential
時間枠:Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
A complete blood count (CBC) with differential will be assessed to characterize hematological responses and monitor clinical safety across the experimental conditions.
Measures will include standard hematological indices and leukocyte differential components reported by the clinical laboratory.
|
Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
|
Change in Comprehensive Metabolic Panel
時間枠:Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
A comprehensive metabolic panel (CMP) will be assessed to characterize metabolic responses and monitor clinical safety across the experimental conditions.
Standard CMP components, including markers related to renal and hepatic function, electrolytes, glucose, and protein status, will be evaluated as reported by the clinical laboratory.
|
Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours following the simulated fire ground test
|
|
Food Satisfaction
時間枠:At Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours
|
Participants will report satisfaction with the study-provided ready-to-eat meals to characterize acceptability of each dietary condition.
|
At Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours
|
|
Heart Rate During the Fire Ground Test
時間枠:During each simulated fire ground test on Day 1 (baseline) and Day 4 (72 hour mark)
|
Heart rate will be monitored during the simulated fire ground test to characterize cardiovascular demand during occupational firefighting activity.
|
During each simulated fire ground test on Day 1 (baseline) and Day 4 (72 hour mark)
|
|
Change in Vertical Jump Performance
時間枠:Pre-fire ground test on Day 1 and Day 4
|
Vertical jump performance will be assessed as an indicator of lower-body neuromuscular performance and recovery following the simulated fire ground test.
Performance will be compared across dietary conditions.
|
Pre-fire ground test on Day 1 and Day 4
|
その他の成果指標
その他の成果指標
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
|---|---|---|
|
Frequency and Severity of Adverse Symptoms
時間枠:At Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours
|
Participants will report the frequency and severity of general symptoms or side effects associated with each dietary condition, including gastrointestinal distress, dizziness, and shortness of breath.
|
At Baseline, 24, 48, and 72 hours
|
|
Change in Profile of Mood States
時間枠:Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
The Profile of Mood States (POMS) questionnaire will be used to assess changes in mood state and perceived fatigue associated with the simulated fire ground test and subsequent recovery.
|
Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
|
Change in Trail Making Test Performance
時間枠:Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
The Trail Making Test (TMT) will be used to assess cognitive performance during recovery from the simulated fire ground test.
Performance will be compared across dietary conditions.
|
Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
|
Change in Psychomotor Vigilance Test Performance
時間枠:Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
The Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) will be used to assess sustained attention and reaction-time performance during recovery from the simulated fire ground test.
Performance will be compared across dietary conditions.
|
Pre-fire ground test and through 24, 48, and 72 hours of recovery
|
協力者と研究者
協力者
協力者
捜査官
捜査官
- 主任研究者:Drew E Gonzalez, PhD、Sam Houston State University
出版物と役立つリンク
一般刊行物
- Gonzalez DE, McAllister MJ, Waldman HS, Ferrando AA, Joyce J, Barringer ND, Dawes JJ, Kieffer AJ, Harvey T, Kerksick CM, Stout JR, Ziegenfuss TN, Zapp A, Tartar JL, Heileson JL, VanDusseldorp TA, Kalman DS, Campbell BI, Antonio J, Kreider RB. International society of sports nutrition position stand: tactical athlete nutrition. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2022 Jun 23;19(1):267-315. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086017. eCollection 2022.
- Ferrando AA, Wolfe RR, Hirsch KR, Church DD, Kviatkovsky SA, Roberts MD, Stout JR, Gonzalez DE, Sowinski RJ, Kreider RB, Kerksick CM, Burd NA, Pasiakos SM, Ormsbee MJ, Arent SM, Arciero PJ, Campbell BI, VanDusseldorp TA, Jager R, Willoughby DS, Kalman DS, Antonio J. International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Effects of essential amino acid supplementation on exercise and performance. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2023 Dec;20(1):2263409. doi: 10.1080/15502783.2023.2263409. Epub 2023 Oct 6.
- Gonzalez DE, Hines KE, Sowinski RJ, Estes L, Johnson SE, Chun J, Lee H, Leon S, Gil A, Ko J, Broeckel J, Barringer ND, Rasmussen CJ, Kreider RB. Effects of Pork Protein Ingestion Prior to and Following Performing the Army Combat Fitness Test on Markers of Catabolism, Inflammation, and Recovery. Nutrients. 2025 Jun 13;17(12):1995. doi: 10.3390/nu17121995.
研究記録日
主要日程の研究
研究開始 (実際)
研究開始
一次修了 (推定)
一次修了
研究の完了 (推定)
研究の完了
試験登録日
最初に提出
最初に提出
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
最初の投稿 (実際)
最初の投稿
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (実際)
投稿された最後の更新
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
最終確認日
最終確認日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
キーワード
その他の研究ID番号
その他の研究ID番号
- IRB-2026-110
- 2735 (その他の助成金/資金番号:The National Cattlemen's Beef Association)
個々の参加者データ (IPD) の計画
個々の参加者データ (IPD) を共有する予定はありますか?
IPD プランの説明
医薬品およびデバイス情報、研究文書
米国FDA規制医薬品の研究
米国FDA規制機器製品の研究
この情報は、Web サイト clinicaltrials.gov から変更なしで直接取得したものです。研究の詳細を変更、削除、または更新するリクエストがある場合は、register@clinicaltrials.gov。 までご連絡ください。 clinicaltrials.gov に変更が加えられるとすぐに、ウェブサイトでも自動的に更新されます。