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Alexithymia, Pain Intensity, Quality of Life, and Psychological Symptoms in Chronic Coccydynia Patients Scheduled for Ganglion Impar Block

2026年9月14日 更新者:Marmara University

The Relationship Between Alexithymia Levels and Pain Intensity, Quality of Life, and Psychological Symptoms in Patients Scheduled for Ganglion Impar Block Due to Chronic Coccydynia: A Prospective Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Chronic coccydynia is characterized by pain localized to the coccygeal region that typically worsens with sitting, leading to notable impairments in functional performance and health-related quality of life. In clinical practice, fluoroscopy-guided Ganglion Impar Block (GIB) is commonly performed as an interventional treatment in patients unresponsive to conservative medical therapies.

Alexithymia, defined as a multidimensional personality construct involving difficulty identifying and describing feelings alongside an externally oriented thinking style, has been shown to be prevalent in chronic pain conditions and associated with pain intensity, mood symptoms, and functional disability.

The primary objective of this prospective analytical cross-sectional study is to examine the relationship between alexithymia levels (evaluated via the 20-item Toronto Alexithymia Scale [TAS-20]) and pain intensity, health-related quality of life, anxiety, depression, and childhood trauma in patients with chronic coccydynia who are scheduled to undergo Ganglion Impar Block based on routine clinical indications.

調査の概要

状態

まだ募集していません

条件

介入・治療

詳細な説明

This is a single-center, prospective analytical cross-sectional observational study conducted at Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Division of Algology, in collaboration with the Department of Psychiatry.

Ganglion Impar Block (GIB) is performed strictly for routine therapeutic indication and standard clinical practice; it is not an experimental intervention designed for this trial. No additional experimental interventions or post-procedural longitudinal follow-up evaluations are administered as part of the research protocol.

Following written voluntary informed consent, all study data are collected prospectively at a single pre-procedural time point immediately prior to the injection procedure. Assessment instruments completed by participants (taking approximately 25 to 35 minutes) include:

  1. Sociodemographic and Clinical Questionnaire: Age, gender, duration and characteristics of pain, educational level, employment, analgesics, and psychiatric history.
  2. 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20): Assesses total alexithymia severity and its three subdimensions (Difficulty Identifying Feelings, Difficulty Describing Feelings, and Externally Oriented Thinking).
  3. Visual Analog Scale (VAS 0-10 cm): Evaluates subjective baseline pain intensity.
  4. Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS): Assesses symptom severity for anxiety (HADS-A) and depression (HADS-D).
  5. 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12): Evaluates health-related quality of life summary components.
  6. Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33): Assesses retrospective self-reports of childhood maltreatment and neglect.

The study aims to analyze bivariate correlations among TAS-20 scores, pain intensity, quality of life, and affective symptoms, compare clinical profiles between alexithymic and non-alexithymic cohorts, and determine independent predictors of alexithymia severity using multivariable linear regression models.

研究の種類

観察的

入学 (推定)

70

連絡先と場所

このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。

研究連絡先

研究場所

      • Istanbul、トルコ(Türkiye)、34899
        • Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital
        • コンタクト:

参加基準

研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。

適格基準

就学可能な年齢

  • 大人
  • 高齢者

健康ボランティアの受け入れ

いいえ

サンプリング方法

非確率サンプル

調査対象母集団

Adult patients presenting to Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Division of Algology outpatient clinic, who are diagnosed with chronic coccydynia and scheduled for clinically indicated Ganglion Impar Block.

説明

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 18 years or older.
  2. Clinical diagnosis of chronic coccydynia persisting for at least 3 months.
  3. Clinical indication and scheduled for Ganglion Impar Block due to persistent pain refractory to conservative treatments.
  4. Literate and possessing sufficient mental capacity to comprehend and complete self-report instruments.
  5. Provision of voluntary written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Significant cognitive impairment or communication barriers impairing informed consent capacity or questionnaire completion.
  2. Active psychotic disorder or current manic episode.
  3. Suspected acute self-harm or suicidal risk identified during clinical evaluation.
  4. Chronic coccygeal pain secondary to malignancy, acute fractures, or active infection.
  5. Severe active psychiatric disease currently under medical treatment (e.g., severe mental illness, schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder).

(Note: Depressive symptoms alone are not an exclusion criterion; they are assessed via HADS and controlled for as covariates in analytical models).

研究計画

このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。

研究はどのように設計されていますか?

デザインの詳細

コホートと介入

グループ/コホート
介入・治療
Chronic Coccydynia Patients
Adult patients aged 18 years or older diagnosed with chronic coccydynia for at least 3 months, who are scheduled to undergo fluoroscopy-guided Ganglion Impar Block due to persistent pain despite conservative treatments.
Cross-sectional pre-procedural assessment consisting of self-report questionnaires administered immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure. The battery includes the 20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Visual Analog Scale (VAS 0-10 cm), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), 12-Item Short Form Health Survey (SF-12), and Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33), alongside a structured sociodemographic data form.

この研究は何を測定していますか?

主要な結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
20-Item Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) Total Score
時間枠:Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
The TAS-20 is a self-report questionnaire used to assess the severity of alexithymia. It contains 20 items scored on a 5-point Likert scale ranging from 1 to 5. The total score ranges from 20 to 100, where higher scores indicate greater alexithymia severity. Established cut-off scores: ≤51 indicates non-alexithymia, 52 to 60 indicates possible alexithymia, and ≥61 indicates alexithymia.
Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)

二次結果の測定

結果測定
メジャーの説明
時間枠
Pain Intensity Measured by Visual Analog Scale (VAS)
時間枠:Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
Pain intensity is evaluated using a standard 10-cm horizontal Visual Analog Scale ranging from 0 (no pain) to 10 (worst imaginable pain). Higher scores reflect greater subjective pain severity.
Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) Scores
時間枠:Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
The HADS evaluates psychological distress using 14 items categorized into two 7-item subscales: Anxiety (HADS-A) and Depression (HADS-D). Each item is scored from 0 to 3, yielding subscale scores between 0 and 21. Higher scores reflect higher severity of symptoms (cut-off scores: ≥10 for anxiety, ≥7 for depression).
Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
Health-Related Quality of Life Measured by 12-Item Short Form Survey (SF-12)
時間枠:Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
A 12-item self-administered generic health questionnaire used to evaluate health-related quality of life across Physical Component Summary (PCS) and Mental Component Summary (MCS). Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores reflecting better functional status and quality of life.
Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ-33) Total Score
時間枠:Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)
The CTQ-33 is a self-report instrument assessing retrospective childhood traumatic experiences across subscales of emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, emotional and physical neglect, and overprotection/control. Total scores range from 25 to 150, where higher scores indicate higher severity of childhood trauma.
Baseline (immediately prior to the Ganglion Impar Block procedure)

協力者と研究者

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スポンサー

研究記録日

これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。

主要日程の研究

研究開始 (推定)

2026年9月1日

一次修了 (推定)

2027年3月1日

研究の完了 (推定)

2027年9月1日

試験登録日

最初に提出

2026年9月14日

QC基準を満たした最初の提出物

2026年9月14日

最初の投稿 (実際)

2026年9月18日

学習記録の更新

投稿された最後の更新 (実際)

2026年9月18日

QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました

2026年9月14日

最終確認日

2026年9月1日

詳しくは

本研究に関する用語

その他の研究ID番号

  • 09.2026.880

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