Improved Management and in-Hospital Mortality (MTV)

Mortality at the national paediatric ward in Guinea-Bissau is very high. During a civil war in 1998/1999 the hospital case fatality (CF) decreased by more than 40%, increasing again after the the war. This was attributed to the available free drugs from the humanitarian aid and food incentives to the personnel. Free emergency kits for treatment of severe malaria was introduced, however the CF did not decline. Therefore, the ward was split into two groups of rooms: intervention and control. All the staff of the ward was trained in the use of a standardised guideline for treatment of severe malaria and randomly assigned to one of the groups. All children hospitalised for malaria received the drug emergency kits. The only difference in the intervention group were the small financial incentives and supervision for strict adherence to the guidelines procedures.