Intranasal Esketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination in Patients With Postherpetic Neuralgia
Efficacy of Intranasal Esketamine-dexmedetomidine Combination in Patients With Postherpetic Neuralgia: a Randomized, Double-blind, Active Drug-controlled Trial
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome suffered by patients with herpes zoster and often adversely affect patients' normal lives, leading to declines in sleep and quality of life. Ketamine/esketamine has been used for treatment of chronic pain but may produce adverse psychiatric reactions at slightly higher doses, including dissociative symptoms, hallucinations, and nightmares; the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine helps mitigate its psychiatric side effects. A previous study in orthopedic surgery patients also showed that dexmedetomidine combined with esketamine can significantly improve perioperative analgesia and sleep quality. The investigators hypothesize that intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine combined with esketamine in patients with postherpetic neuralgia can improve analgesic efficacy.
Studie Overzicht
Toestand
Toestand
Conditie
Conditie
Interventie / Behandeling
Interventie / Behandeling
Gedetailleerde beschrijving
Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a chronic neuropathic pain syndrome suffered by patients with herpes zoster. The typical feature of PHN is deep burning pain in the affected unilateral dermatome, often accompanied by stabbing pain and itching, persisting for more than 3 months after the initial onset of herpes zoster. The incidence of PHN among patients with herpes zoster is approximately 10-20%. The chronic pain symptoms of PHN often adversely affect patients' normal lives, leading to declines in sleep and quality of life. Approximately 50% of PHN patients have sleep disturbances. These ultimately affect cognitive function and mental health.
Ketamine is a non-competitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist and has long been used as a dissociative anesthetic. At subanesthetic doses, ketamine exhibits analgesic and antihyperalgesic effects. Guidelines recommend low-dose ketamine infusion for the treatment of chronic pain. Esketamine is the more potent right-handed enantiomer of ketamine, with stronger affinity for the NMDA receptor; its potency is approximately twice that of ketamine, and the incidence of adverse psychiatric reactions is lower in clinical use. Intranasal esketamine has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of adults with treatment-resistant depression and represents a more non-invasive route of administration.
Dexmedetomidine is a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist with sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects. Dexmedetomidine acts on the locus coeruleus, inhibiting the release of norepinephrine from neurons in the locus coeruleus and the activity of the medullary-spinal descending neural pathways, thereby producing sedative and analgesic effects. In perioperative management, dexmedetomidine is widely used for postoperative adjuvant analgesia; it can also improve patients' sleep, producing a state resembling non-rapid eye movement sleep. Intranasal dexmedetomidine can be safely used in adults and children and is currently widely used for pediatric procedural sedation and preoperative medication.
Ketamine/esketamine can produce adverse psychiatric reactions at slightly higher doses, including dissociative symptoms, hallucinations, and nightmares; the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine helps mitigate its psychiatric side effects. A previous study in orthopedic surgery patients also showed that dexmedetomidine combined with esketamine can significantly improve perioperative analgesia and sleep quality. The investigators hypothesize that intranasal administration of dexmedetomidine combined with esketamine in patients with postherpetic neuralgia can improve analgesic efficacy.
Studietype
Studietype
Inschrijving (Geschat)
Inschrijving
Fase
Fase
- Fase 4
Contacten en locaties
Studiecontact
Studiecontact
- Naam: Zeng-Mao Lin
- Telefoonnummer: +86 010-83572784
- E-mail: linzengmao@163.com
Studie Locaties
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Beijing Municipality
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Beijing, Beijing Municipality, China, 100034
- Peking University First Hospital
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Contact:
- Dong-Xin Wang
- Telefoonnummer: +86 010-83572784
- E-mail: wangdongxin@hotmail.com
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Deelname Criteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Geschiktheidscriteria
Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers
Geslachten die in aanmerking komen voor studie
Beschrijving
Inclusion Criteria:
- Age ≥ 50 years.
- Diagnosis of postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) requiring pharmacological analgesia, with a pain score ≥ 4 on the numerical rating scale (NRS).
- Provision of written informed consent.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Unsuitability for intranasal administration due to nasal disorders (e.g., rhinitis, nasal polyps, or nasal obstruction from any cause).
- Inability to communicate owing to severe dementia, coma, or a language barrier.
- History of schizophrenia, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, or myasthenia gravis.
- Previous diagnosis of sleep apnoea, or high risk of moderate-to-severe sleep apnoea on the STOP-Bang assessment, or body mass index > 30 kg/m².
- History of hyperthyroidism or phaeochromocytoma.
- Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) < 30%; or sick sinus syndrome, severe sinus bradycardia (heart rate < 50 bpm), or second-degree or higher atrioventricular block without an implanted pacemaker; or systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg before enrolment.
- Severe hepatic impairment (Child-Pugh class C); severe renal impairment requiring dialysis; or any ongoing life-threatening condition (e.g., myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischaemic attack, or coronary stenting within the previous 3 months; active myocardial ischaemia; severe valvular disease; or end-stage renal disease not receiving dialysis).
- Hypersensitivity to dexmedetomidine and/or esketamine.
- Participation in another clinical trial, or any other condition that, in the investigator's opinion, makes the patient unsuitable for inclusion.
Studie plan
Hoe is de studie opgezet?
Ontwerpdetails
- Primair doel: Behandeling
- Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
- Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
- Masker: Verviervoudigen
Aantal wapens
Wapens en interventies
Deelnemersgroep / ArmDeelnemersgroep / Arm |
Interventie / BehandelingInterventie / Behandeling |
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Experimenteel: DEX-ESK group
For each administration: dexmedetomidine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 25 μg) is administered as one spray into each nostril; after 1 minute, esketamine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 1.25 mg) is administered alternately into each nostril, 4 sprays per nostril. Esketamine administration is repeated every 5 minutes until a total dose of 0.3 mg/kg is reached (using the number of sprays closest to the predetermined dose). If a dose is not tolerated, one administration may be omitted. Administer once daily for 4 consecutive days, with the same administration method as above. |
For each administration: dexmedetomidine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 25 μg) is administered as one spray into each nostril; after 1 minute, esketamine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 1.25 mg) is administered alternately into each nostril, 4 sprays per nostril. Esketamine administration is repeated every 5 minutes until a total dose of 0.3 mg/kg is reached (using the number of sprays closest to the predetermined dose). If a dose is not tolerated, one administration may be omitted. Administer once daily for 4 consecutive days, with the same administration method as above.
Andere namen:
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Actieve vergelijker: ESK group
For each administration: placebo (0.9% saline; 1 spray = 0.05 ml) is administered as one spray into each nostril; after 1 minute, esketamine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 1.25 mg) is administered alternately into each nostril, 4 sprays per nostril. Esketamine administration is repeated every 5 minutes until a total dose of 0.3 mg/kg is reached (using the number of sprays closest to the predetermined dose). If a dose is not tolerated, one administration may be omitted. Administer once daily for 4 consecutive days, with the same administration method as above. |
For each administration: placebo (0.9% saline; 1 spray = 0.05 ml) is administered as one spray into each nostril; after 1 minute, esketamine (1 spray = 0.05 ml = 1.25 mg) is administered alternately into each nostril, 4 sprays per nostril. Esketamine administration is repeated every 5 minutes until a total dose of 0.3 mg/kg is reached (using the number of sprays closest to the predetermined dose). If a dose is not tolerated, one administration may be omitted. Administer once daily for 4 consecutive days, with the same administration method as above.
Andere namen:
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Wat meet het onderzoek?
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Primaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) within 7 days after the first administration
Tijdsspanne: Within 7 days after the first administration
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Follow-up time points: before each administration (Days 1, 2, 3, and 4 of enrollment; face-to-face follow-up); on Days 1, 2, and 3 after the last administration (Days 5, 6, and 7 of enrollment; telephone follow-up at the same time of day as drug administration). Pain intensity: the patient's NRS pain score over the past 24 hours is recorded (0-10; 0 = no pain at all, 10 = the worst pain imaginable). Sum of pain intensity difference (SPID): calculated as the sum of (baseline NRS score - NRS score at each scheduled daily follow-up) within 7 days after the first administration (i.e., 3 days after the last treatment). |
Within 7 days after the first administration
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Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Secundaire uitkomstmaten
Uitkomstmaat |
Maatregel Beschrijving |
Tijdsspanne |
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Sum of pain intensity difference (SPID) during Weeks 2 to 12 after the first administration
Tijdsspanne: During Weeks 2 to 12 after the first administration
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Follow-up time points: once weekly after the last administration until Week 12 of enrollment (Days 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 49, 56, 63, 70, 77, and 84 of enrollment; telephone follow-up). Pain intensity: the patient's NRS pain score over the past 24 hours is recorded (0-10; 0 = no pain at all, 10 = the worst pain imaginable). Sum of pain intensity difference (SPID): calculated as the sum of (baseline NRS score - NRS score at each scheduled weekly follow-up) during Weeks 2 to 12 after the first administration. |
During Weeks 2 to 12 after the first administration
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Change from baseline in ZBPI chronic pain and impact scores within 3 months after treatment
Tijdsspanne: Up to 3 months after the first administration
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Follow-up time points: Days 7 and 14 after the first administration (telephone follow-up); Months 1, 2, and 3 after the first administration (Days 28, 56, and 84 of enrollment; telephone follow-up). Severity of chronic pain and its impact on patients: assessed using the Zoster Brief Pain Inventory (ZBPI, Appendix 7). Pain severity is rated from 0 to 10, with higher scores indicating greater pain severity; pain interference is rated from 0 to 10 across 7 domains, with higher scores indicating greater interference with daily functioning. Within 3 months after the first dose |
Up to 3 months after the first administration
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Medewerkers en onderzoekers
Sponsor
Sponsor
Onderzoekers
Onderzoekers
- Hoofdonderzoeker: Dong-Xin Wang, MD, PhD, Peking University First Hospital
Publicaties en nuttige links
Algemene publicaties
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Meer informatie
Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie
Trefwoorden
Aanvullende relevante MeSH-voorwaarden
- Pijn
- Neurologische manifestaties
- Ziekten van het zenuwstelsel
- Neuromusculaire aandoeningen
- Ziekten van het perifere zenuwstelsel
- Neuralgie
- Pathologische aandoeningen, tekenen en symptomen
- Tekenen en symptomen
- Neuralgie, postherpetisch
- Farmaceutische voorbereidingen
- Crystalloid -oplossingen
- Isotone oplossingen
- Oplossingen
- Esketamine
- Zoutoplossing
Andere studie-ID-nummers
Andere studie-ID-nummers
- 2026R0576
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