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Effects of VR on Preanesthetic Anxiety

14 juni 2026 bijgewerkt door: Mackay Memorial Hospital

Effects of Virtual Reality Intervention on Anxiety and Uncertainty Before General Anesthesia Among Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy

In today's medical environment, laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure for treating gallbladder diseases, offering advantages such as smaller incisions and faster recovery. However, patients often experience significant preoperative anxiety and uncertainty when facing general anesthesia. This is mainly due to unfamiliarity with the anesthesia process, concerns about potential risks, and uncertainty regarding the overall experience. Excessive anxiety and uncertainty can not only affect the patient's emotional stability and cooperation but may also prolong postoperative recovery time and negatively impact the overall quality of medical care. Virtual Reality (VR) is an emerging innovative technology characterized by its immersive, interactive, and highly realistic features. It has been widely applied in fields such as education, psychotherapy, and healthcare education. By simulating the surgical environment and anesthesia process through VR technology, patients can gain visual and psychological adaptation before undergoing anesthesia. This helps enhance their understanding and sense of control over the medical procedure, thereby reducing feelings of unease and anxiety. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of a virtual reality (VR) intervention on preoperative anxiety and uncertainty in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. This experimental study recruited a total of 142 patients scheduled for surgery at a medical center, who were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group. Patients in the experimental group, in addition to receiving standard printed preoperative education materials, experienced a VR video the day before surgery. The video introduced the operating room environment and anesthesia procedures. The control group received only the printed educational materials. Research instruments included measures of anxiety (Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale [APAIS], Anxiety Visual Analogue Scale [VAS]), uncertainty (Uncertainty Visual Analogue Scale, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale), and neuro-autonomic feedback indicators. Assessments were conducted before and after the intervention to evaluate its effectiveness. This study anticipates that the virtual reality (VR) intervention will effectively reduce patients' pre-anesthesia anxiety and uncertainty, thereby enhancing their adaptation to the general anesthesia process and improving psychological stability. The findings may provide clinical anesthesia nursing staff with evidence-based support for incorporating emerging technologies into pre-anesthesia education. Furthermore, the results can serve as a reference for developing diversified patient education models in the future.

Studie Overzicht

Toestand

Nog niet aan het werven

Conditie

Interventie / Behandeling

Studietype

Ingrijpend

Inschrijving (Geschat)

200

Fase

  • Niet toepasbaar

Contacten en locaties

In dit gedeelte vindt u de contactgegevens van degenen die het onderzoek uitvoeren en informatie over waar dit onderzoek wordt uitgevoerd.

Studiecontact

  • Naam: Shu Fen Shen, Ph.D
  • Telefoonnummer: 1312 +886-2-2636-0300
  • E-mail: shufen@mmu.edu.tw

Studie Locaties

  • Taiwan
      • New Taipei City, Taiwan
        • MacKay Memorial Hospital, Tamsui Branch
        • Contact:

Deelname Criteria

Onderzoekers zoeken naar mensen die aan een bepaalde beschrijving voldoen, de zogenaamde geschiktheidscriteria. Enkele voorbeelden van deze criteria zijn iemands algemene gezondheidstoestand of eerdere behandelingen.

Geschiktheidscriteria

Leeftijden die in aanmerking komen voor studie

  • Volwassen
  • Oudere volwassene

Accepteert gezonde vrijwilligers

Nee

Beschrijving

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Aged 18 years or older.
  • Able to communicate in Mandarin Chinese or Taiwanese and complete questionnaires.
  • ASA Physical Status I-II.
  • Hospitalized one day before surgery.
  • No previous experience with general anesthesia.
  • Scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Psychiatric disorders.
  • Emergency surgery.
  • Visual or hearing impairment.

Studie plan

Dit gedeelte bevat details van het studieplan, inclusief hoe de studie is opgezet en wat de studie meet.

Hoe is de studie opgezet?

Ontwerpdetails

  • Primair doel: Preventie
  • Toewijzing: Gerandomiseerd
  • Interventioneel model: Parallelle opdracht
  • Masker: Enkel

Wapens en interventies

Deelnemersgroep / Arm
Interventie / Behandeling
Experimenteel: Virtual Reality Education Group
Participants receive a virtual reality-based preoperative educational intervention before general anesthesia.
Gedragsmatig: Virtual Reality Intervention
Participants receive a single session of virtual reality-based preoperative education before undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. The virtual reality program presents information about the surgical procedure, operating room environment, anesthesia induction and recovery process through immersive audiovisual content. The intervention is designed to improve patient understanding and reduce preoperative anxiety and uncertainty.
Geen tussenkomst: Standard Preoperative Education Group
Participants receive standard printed preoperative education materials before general anesthesia.

Wat meet het onderzoek?

Primaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Preoperative Anxiety-Amsterdam Preoperative Anxiety and Information Scale (APAIS)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
APAIS will be used to measure preoperative anxiety. Total anxiety scores range from 4 to 20, where higher scores indicate a higher level of preoperative anxiety.
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Preoperative Anxiety Assessed by the Anxiety Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after intervention and before anesthesia induction
VAS is a self-reported scale consisting of a horizontal line. Scores range from 0 (no anxiety) to 10 (extreme anxiety), where higher scores indicate a higher level of anxiety.
Immediately after intervention and before anesthesia induction

Secundaire uitkomstmaten

Uitkomstmaat
Maatregel Beschrijving
Tijdsspanne
Preoperative Uncertainty Assessed by the Uncertainty Visual Analogue Scale (VAS)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
The Uncertainty Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) is a self-reported tool used to measure the intensity of preoperative uncertainty. Scores range from 0 (no uncertainty) to 100 (extreme uncertainty), where higher scores indicate a higher level of preoperative uncertainty.
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Preoperative Uncertainty Assessed by the Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale (IUS-12)
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
IUS-12 will be used to assess the participant's emotional, cognitive, and behavioral reactions to ambiguous situations. The IUS-12 consists of 12 items with a total score ranging from 12 to 60), where higher scores indicate a lower tolerance for uncertainty (a worse outcome).
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Neurofeedback Indicator: Low-Frequency Electroencephalogram (EEG) Activation Level Assessed by the ProComp Infiniti System
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
The ProComp Infiniti System (Thought Technology Ltd., distributed by Bio-Medical Instruments) will be used to measure the activation level of low-frequency electroencephalogram (EEG) waves. An increase in the measured value indicates a higher level of activation of low-frequency brainwaves, which represents an increase in the participant's stress and anxiety levels (a worse outcome).
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Autonomic Neurofeedback Indicator: Heart Rate Variability (HRV) Assessed by the ProComp Infiniti System
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
The ProComp Infiniti System will be used to measure heart rate variability (HRV) indicators. Higher HRV values generally represent better autonomic nervous system flexibility and superior stress regulation (a better outcome). Conversely, lower HRV values are associated with higher levels of stress and anxiety.
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Acceptance of Virtual Reality Technology Assessed by the Chinese Version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) Scale
Tijdsspanne: Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
The Chinese version of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) scale will be used to evaluate the participants' acceptance of virtual reality technology. The total score ranges from 11 to 33, with higher scores indicating a higher level of patient acceptance toward virtual reality technology. This assessment includes dimensions such as behavioral intention to use, perceived usefulness (believing it is helpful), and perceived ease of use (finding operations simple and convenient).
Baseline (before intervention) and Immediately after intervention
Participant Satisfaction Assessed by the Patient Satisfaction Scale
Tijdsspanne: Immediately after intervention
Patient Satisfaction Scale will be used to assess the participants' level of satisfaction with the intervention. The total score ranges from 10 to 50, where a higher score indicates a higher level of satisfaction with the program
Immediately after intervention

Medewerkers en onderzoekers

Hier vindt u mensen en organisaties die betrokken zijn bij dit onderzoek.

Sponsor

Mackay Memorial Hospital

Medewerkers

Mackay Medical College

Studie record data

Deze datums volgen de voortgang van het onderzoeksdossier en de samenvatting van de ingediende resultaten bij ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieverslagen en gerapporteerde resultaten worden beoordeeld door de National Library of Medicine (NLM) om er zeker van te zijn dat ze voldoen aan specifieke kwaliteitscontrolenormen voordat ze op de openbare website worden geplaatst.

Bestudeer belangrijke data

Studie start (Geschat)

9 juni 2026

Primaire voltooiing (Geschat)

31 december 2027

Studie voltooiing (Geschat)

31 december 2028

Studieregistratiedata

Eerst ingediend

9 juni 2026

Eerst ingediend dat voldeed aan de QC-criteria

14 juni 2026

Eerst geplaatst (Werkelijk)

18 juni 2026

Updates van studierecords

Laatste update geplaatst (Werkelijk)

18 juni 2026

Laatste update ingediend die voldeed aan QC-criteria

14 juni 2026

Laatst geverifieerd

1 juni 2026

Meer informatie

Termen gerelateerd aan deze studie

Andere studie-ID-nummers

  • 25MMHIS300e

Plan Individuele Deelnemersgegevens (IPD)

Bent u van plan om gegevens van individuele deelnemers (IPD) te delen?

NEE

Beschrijving IPD-plan

Individual participant data will not be made available because the informed consent obtained from participants did not include permission for public data sharing.

Informatie over medicijnen en apparaten, studiedocumenten

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd geneesmiddel

Nee

Bestudeert een door de Amerikaanse FDA gereguleerd apparaatproduct

Nee

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