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Examining Multilevel Factors Affecting Participation in Physical Activity Among Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes Using the Socio-Ecological Model

28. april 2026 oppdatert av: Buket AKINCI, Biruni University

The goal of this observational study is to examine the multilevel factors influencing physical activity participation in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes (T1D) within the framework of the Socio-Ecological Model (SEM). Physical activity is a multidimensional behavior shaped by individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy-level influences, and it plays a critical role in diabetes management, metabolic health, and overall well-being in youth with T1D.

The main questions it aims to answer are:

Do factors at the individual, interpersonal, institutional, community, and policy levels of the Socio-Ecological Model significantly influence physical activity participation, social participation, and diabetes management in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes? Which modifiable barriers and facilitators at these multiple levels are associated with higher or lower levels of physical activity?

Participants diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes will complete questionnaires assessing their daily living activities, exercise habits, social participation, psychosocial characteristics, and perceived social and environmental support. Objective measurements related to circadian rhythm patterns and glycemic control will also be collected. The study will analyze how multilevel socio-ecological factors are associated with physical activity behavior, social engagement, and diabetes management outcomes.

The findings are expected to provide a comprehensive biopsychosocial understanding of physical activity behaviors in adolescents with Type 1 diabetes and to inform the development of supportive, school- and community-based intervention strategies aimed at improving quality of life, self-efficacy, psychological resilience, and sustainable participation in physical activity.

Studieoversikt

Status

Rekruttering

Forhold

Studietype

Observasjonsmessig

Registrering (Antatt)

55

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiekontakt

Studiesteder

    • Zeytinburnu
      • Istanbul, Zeytinburnu, Tyrkia (Türkiye), 34015
        • Rekruttering
        • Biruni University
        • Ta kontakt med:

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Nei

Prøvetakingsmetode

Ikke-sannsynlighetsprøve

Studiepopulasjon

The study population consists of adolescents aged 9-18 years who have been diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes and are currently attending school in Istanbul.

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes at least 1 year prior to enrollment,
  • Aged between 9 and 18 years,
  • Currently attending school in Istanbul,
  • Willing to participate in the study (with voluntary consent),
  • HbA1c value ≥ 8% within the past year,
  • Reported glucose metabolism biomarkers,
  • Sufficient cognitive ability to understand and complete the questionnaires,
  • Under regular medical follow-up and using at least one glucose monitoring device.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Lack of parental consent,
  • Presence of additional neurological, motor, or cognitive disorders,
  • Inadequate mental status or diagnosis of moderate to severe intellectual disability,
  • Presence of systemic comorbid diseases,
  • Failure to report HbA1c data.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

Kohorter og intervensjoner

Gruppe / Kohort
Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

This cohort consists of adolescents aged 9-18 years diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes for at least one year and currently receiving regular medical follow-up in Istanbul. Participants meet predefined inclusion criteria, including documented HbA1c values ≥8% within the previous year and reported glycemic biomarkers. All participants use at least one glucose monitoring device and are capable of completing study questionnaires.

This is an observational, cross-sectional study. No experimental intervention is applied. Participants will complete validated questionnaires assessing physical activity, daily living activities, social participation, psychosocial factors, and socio-ecological determinants. Objective measures related to glycemic control .

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Physical activity level
Tidsramme: 7 days
Physical activity level will be objectively assessed using a wearable accelerometer worn on the dominant arm for seven consecutive days. PAL will be calculated as the ratio of total energy expenditure to basal metabolic rate and expressed as a unitless value.
7 days

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Fasting Blood Glucose
Tidsramme: Assessed at baseline
Fasting blood glucose levels will be measured over seven consecutive days using glucose meters or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems and expressed in mg/dL.
Assessed at baseline
Social Participation
Tidsramme: At baseline
Social Participation: Social participation will be measured using the CASP, a scale assessing participation at home, school, and in the community. Scores will be transformed to a 0-100 scale, with higher scores indicating greater participation.
At baseline
Diabetes Self-Efficacy
Tidsramme: At baseline
Self-efficacy will be assessed using the self-efficacy subscale of the Multidimensional Diabetes Questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater perceived self-efficacy.
At baseline
Chronotype
Tidsramme: At baseline
Chronotype will be assessed using the Childhood Chronotype Questionnaire (CCTQ), a parent-reported instrument adapted from the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire and the Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children.
At baseline
Daily Step Count
Tidsramme: 7 days
Daily step count will be measured using a wearable accelerometer worn on the dominant arm for seven consecutive days and expressed as steps per day.
7 days
Glycated Hemoglobin (HbA1c)
Tidsramme: At baseline
Glycemic control will be assessed using glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels obtained from venous blood samples and expressed as percentage (%).
At baseline
Sedentary Time
Tidsramme: 7 days
Time spent in sedentary behavior will be assessed using accelerometer data and expressed in minutes per day.
7 days

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Sponsor

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Studierekorddatoer

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Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

2. januar 2026

Primær fullføring (Antatt)

13. september 2026

Studiet fullført (Antatt)

13. september 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

13. februar 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

28. april 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

5. mai 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

5. mai 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

28. april 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. februar 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • 2024-BİAEK/15-23

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