Comparison of Laboratory-Fabricated and 3D-Printed Rapid Maxillary Expansion Appliances
Comparison of the Skeletal and Dentoalveolar Effects and Patient Comfort of Conventional and 3D-Printed Maxillary Expansion Appliances in Mixed Dentition Patients
The goal of this clinical trial is to determine whether two types of rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances produce different outcomes in children. RME is a treatment utilized to expand a narrow upper jaw. This study will include children aged 8 to 10 years who need upper jaw expansion during the mixed dentition period (when they have both temporary and permanent teeth).
The main questions this study aims to answer are:
- Do 3D-printed expansion appliances produce different skeletal and dental changes compared to conventionally fabricated appliances?
- Do children feel more comfortable with one type of appliance?
- Is there a difference in pain levels or oral hygiene between the two groups?
Researchers aimed to compare a conventionally fabricated expansion appliance manufactured in a dental laboratory with a 3D-printed expansion appliance produced digitally to determine whether the method of production affects treatment outcomes and patient comfort.
Participants:
- Being treated with one of the two expansion appliances (assigned randomly)
- Follow a standard activation protocol at home with parental guidance
- Attend regular clinic visits during expansion and retention phases
- Have dental photographs, X-rays, and digital scans taken before and after treatment
- Complete an oral health-related quality of life questionnaire
- Rate their pain using a pain scale
- Have their oral hygiene measured
Studieoversikt
Status
Status
Forhold
Forhold
Intervensjon / Behandling
Intervensjon / Behandling
Detaljert beskrivelse
Treatment effectiveness, amount of expansion, and patient comfort will be evaluated between the two groups. Additionally, the impact of digital appliance production on treatment outcomes and patient satisfaction will be investigated.
This prospective, parallel-group, randomized clinical trial aims to compare the skeletal, dentoalveolar, and patient-reported effects of conventionally fabricated and three-dimensional (3D) printed rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliances in children with transverse maxillary deficiency during the mixed dentition period.
Participants aged 8-10 years who meet the predefined inclusion criteria and require rapid maxillary expansion as part of their orthodontic treatment will be enrolled.
The results are expected to contribute evidence-based guidance for orthodontists when selecting appliance fabrication methods, balancing biological effectiveness with patient comfort and quality-of-life considerations.
Findings from this study may also support future digital workflow integration strategies in pediatric orthodontic treatment planning.
Studietype
Studietype
Registrering (Faktiske)
Registrering
Fase
Fase
- Ikke aktuelt
Kontakter og plasseringer
Studiesteder
-
-
Ankara
-
Ankara, Ankara, Tyrkia (Türkiye), 06490
- Baskent University Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics
-
-
Deltakelseskriterier
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Kvalifikasjonskriterier
Alder som er kvalifisert for studier
Tar imot friske frivillige
Kjønn som er kvalifisert for studier
Beskrivelse
Inclusion Criteria:
- Children aged between 7 and 11 years
- In the mixed dentition period
- Fully erupted permanent first molars
- Presence of primary canines and primary second molars suitable for use as anchorage units for at least 6 months
- Angle Class I or Class II molar relationship
- Presence of posterior crossbite and/or moderate maxillary transverse deficiency or moderate crowding
- Prepubertal growth stage corresponding to Cervical Vertebral Maturation Stage 1 (CVM1) or Stage 2 (CVM2)
- Receiving orthodontic treatment at the Başkent University Department of Orthodontics
- Parents or legal guardians willing to provide written informed consent
Exclusion Criteria:
- Previous orthodontic treatment
- Periodontal disease
- Enamel hypocalcification or significant calcium deficiency
- Root resorption
- Signs or symptoms of temporomandibular joint dysfunction
- Angle Class III molar relationship
- Craniofacial syndromes
- Cleft lip and/or palate
- Known allergy to acrylic materials or metal alloys
- Inability to maintain adequate oral hygiene during treatment
- Lack of cooperation during treatment
- Repeated appliance breakage or dislodgement (three or more times)
Studieplan
Hvordan er studiet utformet?
Designdetaljer
- Primært formål: Behandling
- Tildeling: Randomisert
- Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
- Masking: Enkelt
Antall våpen
Våpen og intervensjoner
Deltakergruppe / ArmDeltakergruppe / Arm |
Intervensjon / BehandlingIntervensjon / Behandling |
|---|---|
|
Eksperimentell: Laboratory-fabricated rapid maxillary expansion appliance
Participants are treated with a laboratory-fabricated rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance produced on a dental cast obtained from conventional impressions. The arms of the palatal expansion screw are adapted and soldered to orthodontic molar bands on the cast model. Following adaptation, acrylic resin is added in the palatal region to increase the force distribution area. The appliance is cemented to the teeth using glass ionomer cement. Activation and retention protocols are standardized across both groups. |
A rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance fabricated on a dental cast obtained from conventional impressions. The expansion screw arms are adapted and soldered to orthodontic molar bands on the cast.
Andre navn:
|
|
Eksperimentell: 3D-printed rapid maxillary expansion appliance
Participants are treated with a rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance fabricated using digital intraoral scans. Dental models are generated from intraoral scan data, and the appliance framework, including the arms and tooth-supporting components, is manufactured as a single-piece structure using three-dimensional (3D) metal printing technology with sintered cobalt-chromium alloy. After fabrication, acrylic resin is added to the palatal region to increase the force distribution area. The appliance is cemented to the teeth using glass ionomer cement. Activation and retention protocols are standardized across both groups. |
A rapid maxillary expansion (RME) appliance fabricated using digital intraoral scan data. Dental models are generated from intraoral scans, and the appliance framework is manufactured as a single-piece structure using three-dimensional (3D) metal printing with sintered cobalt-chromium alloy.
Andre navn:
|
Hva måler studien?
Primære resultatmål
Primære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in maxillary transverse skeletal width and intermolar width from T0 to T2
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
The primary outcome is the difference in transverse skeletal maxillary width and maxillary intermolar width between baseline (T0) and the end of the 3-month retention period (T2). Skeletal measurements will be obtained from standardized posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs, and dental measurements will be obtained from digital model analysis. |
-Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Sekundære resultatmål
Sekundære resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
Change in palatal volume from T0 to T2
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Palatal volume (mm³) measured on digital maxillary models obtained by intraoral scanning; T2 values adjusted for baseline (T0). |
-Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
|
Change in angulation and rotation of the maxillary primary second molars from T0 to T2
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Angulation and rotation (degrees) of the maxillary primary second molars (anchorage teeth) measured on digital models; T2 values adjusted for baseline (T0). |
-Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
|
Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale score
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -After appliance cementation (within 2 weeks) -1 week after the cementation -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Pain perception will be assessed using the Wong-Baker FACES Pain Rating Scale at predefined time points during treatment. Scores will be recorded and compared between groups. |
-Preoperative (T0) -After appliance cementation (within 2 weeks) -1 week after the cementation -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
|
Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ 8-10)
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Oral health-related quality of life will be assessed using the validated Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ 8-10). Total and domain scores (oral symptoms, functional limitations, emotional well-being, social well-being) will be recorded and compared between groups. |
-Preoperative (T0) -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
|
Modified Silness-Löe Plaque Index score
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -After appliance cementation (within 2 weeks) -1 week after the cementation -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Oral hygiene status will be evaluated using the Modified Silness-Löe Plaque Index at predefined time points during treatment to monitor plaque accumulation and compare oral hygiene changes between groups. |
-Preoperative (T0) -After appliance cementation (within 2 weeks) -1 week after the cementation -End of active expansion (approximately 6-8 weeks after cementation) (T1) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Andre resultatmål
Andre resultatmål
Resultatmål |
Tiltaksbeskrivelse |
Tidsramme |
|---|---|---|
|
3D digital model superimposition-based surface deviation
Tidsramme: -Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Digital models obtained at T0 and T2 will be superimposed using the medial two-thirds of the third palatal rugae and the posterior palatal vault as stable reference areas. |
-Preoperative (T0) -End of the 3 months retention period after T1, prior to appliance removal (T2)
|
Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere
Sponsor
Sponsor
Etterforskere
Etterforskere
- Studiestol: Habibe Sinem Ince Bingol, DDS, Orthodontist, Hacettepe Unversity, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics
- Hovedetterforsker: Sinem Tekdemir, DDS, Baskent University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Orthodontics
Studierekorddatoer
Studer hoveddatoer
Studiestart (Faktiske)
Studiestart
Primær fullføring (Faktiske)
Primær fullføring
Studiet fullført (Antatt)
Studiet fullført
Datoer for studieregistrering
Først innsendt
Først innsendt
Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Først lagt ut (Faktiske)
Først lagt ut
Oppdateringer av studieposter
Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)
Sist oppdatering lagt ut
Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene
Sist bekreftet
Sist bekreftet
Mer informasjon
Begreper knyttet til denne studien
Nøkkelord
Andre studie-ID-numre
Andre studie-ID-numre
- D-KA24/41
- 2025-066 (Annen identifikator: Turkish Medicines and Medical Devices Agency Clinical Trial Authorization Number)
- 25/31 (Annen identifikator: Baskent University Institutional Ethics Committee Approval Number)
Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)
Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?
IPD-planbeskrivelse
Individual participant data (IPD) will not be shared due to institutional policies, ethical committee regulations, and patient confidentiality considerations.
Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt
Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt
Denne informasjonen ble hentet direkte fra nettstedet clinicaltrials.gov uten noen endringer. Hvis du har noen forespørsler om å endre, fjerne eller oppdatere studiedetaljene dine, vennligst kontakt register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en endring er implementert på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også bli oppdatert automatisk på nettstedet vårt. .