Denne siden ble automatisk oversatt og nøyaktigheten av oversettelsen er ikke garantert. Vennligst referer til engelsk versjon for en kildetekst.

Cluster Training With Blood Flow Restriction in Competitive 200-m Freestyle Swimmers (BFR-CLUSTER-SW)

24. august 2026 oppdatert av: Saif Rasheed Ghanim

Cluster Training With Blood Flow Restriction and 200-m Freestyle Performance, FGF-2, and VEGF-A Responses in Competitive Swimmers: A Matched Controlled Study

This study evaluated whether adding blood flow restriction (BFR) to cluster-based training could improve swimming performance and selected physiological responses in competitive swimmers. Twenty competitive swimmers were assigned using a matched, non-randomized design to either an experimental group performing cluster training combined with BFR or a control group performing the same cluster training without BFR. The intervention lasted 8 weeks, with five training sessions per week. The primary outcome was 200-m freestyle performance time. Secondary outcomes included serum concentrations of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A), standing long jump performance, mean 50-m split time during a 150-m swimming test, and repetitions completed during a cadence-controlled Burpee test. The study was designed to determine whether BFR provided additional performance and physiological benefits beyond cluster training alone.

Studieoversikt

Status

Fullført

Forhold

Intervensjon / Behandling

Detaljert beskrivelse

Blood flow restriction (BFR) training is a training method in which pneumatic cuffs are applied proximally to the limbs to partially restrict vascular flow during exercise. Cluster training divides traditional exercise sets into smaller clusters of repetitions separated by short intra-set recovery periods. Combining these two approaches may increase the physiological stimulus of training while allowing repeated high-quality exercise efforts.

This controlled, non-randomized matched-intervention study included 20 competitive 200-m freestyle swimmers. Participants were matched according to baseline 200-m freestyle performance, sex, and standing long jump distance and were assigned to one of two groups. The experimental group completed cluster training combined with BFR, whereas the control group completed cluster training without BFR.

The training intervention lasted 8 weeks and consisted of five 90-minute training sessions per week. Sessions included a standardized warm-up, a main training component, and a cool-down. Overall cardiovascular training intensity was prescribed relative to individual maximal heart rate, and cluster-based resistance exercises incorporated short intra-set recovery intervals.

BFR was applied only in the experimental group during selected dry-land cluster exercises using pneumatic cuffs positioned proximally on the upper arms and thighs. The cuffs remained inflated during exercise execution and short intra-set recovery periods and were deflated during the main inter-set recovery periods.

The primary outcome was change in 200-m freestyle performance time from baseline to the end of the 8-week intervention. Secondary outcomes included serum FGF-2 and VEGF-A concentrations, standing long jump distance, mean 50-m split time during a maximal 150-m swimming test, and performance in a cadence-controlled Burpee test. Blood samples were collected under standardized resting conditions to assess serum FGF-2 and VEGF-A concentrations.

The main objective was to determine whether the addition of BFR to cluster training was associated with greater improvements in swimming performance, selected physical-performance outcomes, and serum angiogenesis-related biomarkers compared with cluster training alone.

Studietype

Intervensjonell

Registrering (Faktiske)

20

Fase

  • Ikke aktuelt

Kontakter og plasseringer

Denne delen inneholder kontaktinformasjon for de som utfører studien, og informasjon om hvor denne studien blir utført.

Studiesteder

    • Muhafazat Salah ad Din
      • Samarra, Muhafazat Salah ad Din, Irak, 34010
        • Samarra Olympic Swimming Pool

Deltakelseskriterier

Forskere ser etter personer som passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kalt kvalifikasjonskriterier. Noen eksempler på disse kriteriene er en persons generelle helsetilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Kvalifikasjonskriterier

Alder som er kvalifisert for studier

  • Barn
  • Voksen

Tar imot friske frivillige

Ja

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

Competitive 200-m freestyle swimmers aged 17-20 years. At least 2 years of structured swimming training experience. Free from musculoskeletal injury for at least 6 months before enrollment. No previous regular experience with blood flow restriction training. Willing and able to complete the 8-week training intervention and all study assessments.

Exclusion Criteria:

History of cardiovascular, metabolic, thrombotic, or other vascular conditions that could contraindicate blood flow restriction exercise.

Current use of medications known to affect vascular tone or blood coagulation. Musculoskeletal injury or medical condition preventing participation in maximal swimming or dry-land training.

Attendance below 85% of the scheduled intervention sessions.

Studieplan

Denne delen gir detaljer om studieplanen, inkludert hvordan studien er utformet og hva studien måler.

Hvordan er studiet utformet?

Designdetaljer

  • Primært formål: Annen
  • Tildeling: Ikke-randomisert
  • Intervensjonsmodell: Parallell tildeling
  • Masking: Ingen (Open Label)

Våpen og intervensjoner

Deltakergruppe / Arm
Intervensjon / Behandling
Eksperimentell: Cluster Training With Blood Flow Restriction
Participants in this arm completed an 8-week cluster-training program combined with blood flow restriction (BFR). Training was performed five sessions per week. Pneumatic cuffs were applied proximally to the upper arms and thighs during selected dry-land cluster exercises and intra-set recovery periods, and were deflated during the main inter-set recovery periods.
An 8-week cluster-training program performed five sessions per week, with blood flow restriction applied during selected dry-land cluster exercises using pneumatic cuffs positioned proximally on the upper arms and thighs.
Aktiv komparator: Cluster Training Alone
Participants in this arm completed the same 8-week cluster-training program and overall training schedule as the experimental group, but without blood flow restriction. Training was performed five sessions per week.
An 8-week cluster-training program performed five sessions per week without blood flow restriction.

Hva måler studien?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Tiltaksbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Change in 200-m Freestyle Performance Time
Tidsramme: Baseline and post-intervention at 8 weeks
Performance was assessed during a maximal 200-m freestyle swim in a standard 50-m pool using an electronic timing system with a precision of 0.01 s. Lower values indicate faster performance. The primary outcome was the change in performance time from baseline to the end of the 8-week intervention.
Baseline and post-intervention at 8 weeks

Samarbeidspartnere og etterforskere

Det er her du vil finne personer og organisasjoner som er involvert i denne studien.

Sponsor

Studierekorddatoer

Disse datoene sporer fremdriften for innsending av studieposter og sammendragsresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter og rapporterte resultater gjennomgås av National Library of Medicine (NLM) for å sikre at de oppfyller spesifikke kvalitetskontrollstandarder før de legges ut på det offentlige nettstedet.

Studer hoveddatoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

15. januar 2026

Primær fullføring (Faktiske)

19. mars 2026

Studiet fullført (Faktiske)

15. juni 2026

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først innsendt

21. august 2026

Først innsendt som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

21. august 2026

Først lagt ut (Faktiske)

25. august 2026

Oppdateringer av studieposter

Sist oppdatering lagt ut (Faktiske)

26. august 2026

Siste oppdatering sendt inn som oppfylte QC-kriteriene

24. august 2026

Sist bekreftet

1. august 2026

Mer informasjon

Begreper knyttet til denne studien

Andre studie-ID-numre

  • SRG-BFR-SWIM-2026-01

Plan for individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)

Planlegger du å dele individuelle deltakerdata (IPD)?

NEI

Legemiddel- og utstyrsinformasjon, studiedokumenter

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert medikamentprodukt

Nei

Studerer et amerikansk FDA-regulert enhetsprodukt

Nei

Denne informasjonen ble hentet direkte fra nettstedet clinicaltrials.gov uten noen endringer. Hvis du har noen forespørsler om å endre, fjerne eller oppdatere studiedetaljene dine, vennligst kontakt register@clinicaltrials.gov. Så snart en endring er implementert på clinicaltrials.gov, vil denne også bli oppdatert automatisk på nettstedet vårt. .