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Mental Fatigue, Attentional Focus, and Countermovement Jump Performance

19 sierpnia 2026 zaktualizowane przez: Oğuzhan Bozkurt, Inonu University

The Effects of Acute Mental Fatigue and Attentional Focus Instructions on Countermovement Jump Performance

This study examines whether short-term mental fatigue and different jump instructions affect how high people can jump. Thirty-two physically active university students will complete two testing sessions in random order: one after a 30-minute mentally tiring computer task and one after a 30-minute relaxing video. In both sessions, participants will perform vertical jumps while receiving one of three types of instructions: no special instruction, focusing on their own body movements, or focusing on pushing the ground away. The study will compare jump height across these conditions to better understand how mental tiredness and coaching cues affect jumping performance, which may help coaches and athletes design better training and competition preparation.

Przegląd badań

Status

Jeszcze nie rekrutacja

Warunki

Interwencja / Leczenie

Szczegółowy opis

This study uses a sex-stratified, randomized, counterbalanced crossover design with repeated measures to examine the effects of acute mental fatigue and attentional-focus instructions on countermovement jump (CMJ) performance. Thirty-two physically active undergraduate students (16 women, 16 men), aged 18-30 years, will be enrolled from the Faculty of Sport Sciences at İnönü University, Malatya, Türkiye.

Each participant will complete two experimental protocols, separated by at least 72 hours: a control protocol (approximately 30 minutes of passive viewing of a narration-free nature video) and a mental-fatigue protocol (a 30-minute computerized color-word Stroop interference task). Protocol order will be randomized and stratified by sex. In both protocols, participants will perform CMJs under three attentional-focus conditions, presented in a randomized order that is held constant within each participant across sessions: no prescribed focus, internal focus (attention directed to the participant's own body movements), and external focus (attention directed to the effect of movement on the environment). CMJ height will be recorded in centimeters using a validated video-based jump-analysis application (My Jump Lab) on a tablet camera recording at 240 frames per second, with the higher of two valid trials retained as the primary outcome for each protocol-by-focus condition.

Subjective mental fatigue will be assessed immediately before and after each protocol using a 0-10 visual analogue scale to confirm the effectiveness of the fatigue manipulation. Stroop task performance (total trials, accuracy) and adherence to the assigned attentional-focus instructions will be recorded as secondary measures.

The primary analysis will use a 2 (protocol: control, mental fatigue) x 3 (focus: no prescribed, internal, external) x 2 (sex: women, men) mixed-model ANOVA on CMJ height, with protocol and focus as within-participant factors and sex as a between-participant factor. Reporting will follow CONSORT 2025 and the CONSORT extension for randomized crossover trials.

Typ studiów

Interwencyjne

Zapisy (Szacowany)

32

Faza

  • Nie dotyczy

Kontakty i lokalizacje

Ta sekcja zawiera dane kontaktowe osób prowadzących badanie oraz informacje o tym, gdzie badanie jest przeprowadzane.

Lokalizacje studiów

      • Malatya, Turcja (Türkiye), 44280
        • İnönü University, Faculty of Sport Sciences
        • Kontakt:
        • Główny śledczy:
          • Oguzhan BOZKURT, PhD

Kryteria uczestnictwa

Badacze szukają osób, które pasują do określonego opisu, zwanego kryteriami kwalifikacyjnymi. Niektóre przykłady tych kryteriów to ogólny stan zdrowia danej osoby lub wcześniejsze leczenie.

Kryteria kwalifikacji

Wiek uprawniający do nauki

  • Dorosły

Akceptuje zdrowych ochotników

Tak

Opis

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18-30 years
  • Third- or fourth-year undergraduate student in the Faculty of Sport Sciences, İnönü University
  • Engaged in structured physical activity on at least 2 days per week
  • Normal or corrected-to-normal vision and normal color vision
  • Able to safely perform maximal vertical jumps

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Major lower-extremity surgery or injury
  • Musculoskeletal injury during the preceding 6 months that could affect jumping
  • Diagnosed neurological, psychiatric, or cardiovascular disorder
  • Regular use of medication that could influence alertness, fatigue, cardiovascular responses, or neuromuscular performance
  • Any health condition compromising safety or measurement validity

Plan studiów

Ta sekcja zawiera szczegółowe informacje na temat planu badania, w tym sposób zaprojektowania badania i jego pomiary.

Jak projektuje się badanie?

Szczegóły projektu

  • Główny cel: Podstawowa nauka
  • Przydział: Randomizowane
  • Model interwencyjny: Zadanie krzyżowe
  • Maskowanie: Brak (otwarta etykieta)

Broń i interwencje

Grupa uczestników / Arm
Interwencja / Leczenie
Eksperymentalny: Control-First Sequence
Participants complete the control protocol (30-min passive nature-video viewing) in the first session and the mental-fatigue protocol (30-min Stroop task) in the second session, separated by at least 72 hours. In both sessions, participants perform countermovement jumps under three attentional-focus conditions (no prescribed focus, internal focus, external focus) in a randomized, participant-fixed order.
Approximately 30 minutes of passive viewing of a narration-free nature video under standardized lighting, seating, and sound conditions, serving as the non-fatiguing control condition matched in duration to the mental-fatigue protocol.
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt with no directional attentional instruction: "When you are ready, jump as high as possible."
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt directing attention to the participant's own body movements: "When you are ready, focus on extending your knees and hips as quickly and explosively as possible while jumping as high as possible."
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt directing attention to the effect of movement on the environment: "When you are ready, focus on pushing the ground away from you as quickly and explosively as possible while jumping as high as possible."
Eksperymentalny: Mental-Fatigue-First Sequence
Participants complete the mental-fatigue protocol (30-min Stroop task) in the first session and the control protocol (30-min passive nature-video viewing) in the second session, separated by at least 72 hours. In both sessions, participants perform countermovement jumps under three attentional-focus conditions (no prescribed focus, internal focus, external focus) in a randomized, participant-fixed order.
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt with no directional attentional instruction: "When you are ready, jump as high as possible."
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt directing attention to the participant's own body movements: "When you are ready, focus on extending your knees and hips as quickly and explosively as possible while jumping as high as possible."
A verbal cue delivered before each jump attempt directing attention to the effect of movement on the environment: "When you are ready, focus on pushing the ground away from you as quickly and explosively as possible while jumping as high as possible."
A 30-minute computerized color-word Stroop interference task delivered as one uninterrupted block on a custom program, in which participants identify the font color of color-word stimuli while ignoring word meaning, inducing acute mental fatigue prior to countermovement jump testing.
Inne nazwy:
  • Color-Word Stroop Task

Co mierzy badanie?

Podstawowe miary wyniku

Miara wyniku
Opis środka
Ramy czasowe
Countermovement Jump Height
Ramy czasowe: Assessed once per attentional-focus condition (higher of two valid trials) approximately 30 seconds after completion of each 30-minute protocol (control or mental fatigue), across two sessions separated by at least 72 hours.
Vertical jump height, measured in centimeters, recorded using a validated video-based jump-analysis application (My Jump Lab) at 240 frames per second. The higher of two valid trials in each protocol-by-attentional-focus condition (control vs. mental fatigue x no prescribed focus, internal focus, external focus) will be retained as the outcome value for that condition.
Assessed once per attentional-focus condition (higher of two valid trials) approximately 30 seconds after completion of each 30-minute protocol (control or mental fatigue), across two sessions separated by at least 72 hours.

Miary wyników drugorzędnych

Miara wyniku
Opis środka
Ramy czasowe
Subjective Mental Fatigue Rating
Ramy czasowe: Immediately before and immediately after each 30-minute protocol (control and mental fatigue), across two experimental sessions separated by at least 72 hours.
Self-reported mental fatigue rated on a 0-10 visual analogue scale, in response to "How mentally fatigued do you feel right now?" (0 = not mentally fatigued at all, 10 = the highest possible level of mental fatigue).
Immediately before and immediately after each 30-minute protocol (control and mental fatigue), across two experimental sessions separated by at least 72 hours.
Stroop Task Performance
Ramy czasowe: Continuously recorded throughout the 30-minute mental-fatigue protocol, administered in one of the two experimental sessions per participant (protocol order randomized).
Total trials completed, number of correct and incorrect responses, and accuracy (%), recorded automatically by the Stroop task software during the mental-fatigue protocol.
Continuously recorded throughout the 30-minute mental-fatigue protocol, administered in one of the two experimental sessions per participant (protocol order randomized).
Focus-Instruction Adherence
Ramy czasowe: Assessed once per attentional-focus condition, immediately after completion of each 30-minute protocol (control or mental fatigue), across two experimental sessions separated by at least 72 hours.
Self-reported adherence to the assigned attentional-focus instructions, rated on a 0-10 visual analogue scale.
Assessed once per attentional-focus condition, immediately after completion of each 30-minute protocol (control or mental fatigue), across two experimental sessions separated by at least 72 hours.

Współpracownicy i badacze

Tutaj znajdziesz osoby i organizacje zaangażowane w to badanie.

Sponsor

Daty zapisu na studia

Daty te śledzą postęp w przesyłaniu rekordów badań i podsumowań wyników do ClinicalTrials.gov. Zapisy badań i zgłoszone wyniki są przeglądane przez National Library of Medicine (NLM), aby upewnić się, że spełniają określone standardy kontroli jakości, zanim zostaną opublikowane na publicznej stronie internetowej.

Główne daty studiów

Rozpoczęcie studiów (Szacowany)

1 września 2026

Zakończenie podstawowe (Szacowany)

1 października 2026

Ukończenie studiów (Szacowany)

1 listopada 2026

Daty rejestracji na studia

Pierwszy przesłany

17 sierpnia 2026

Pierwszy przesłany, który spełnia kryteria kontroli jakości

19 sierpnia 2026

Pierwszy wysłany (Rzeczywisty)

21 sierpnia 2026

Aktualizacje rekordów badań

Ostatnia wysłana aktualizacja (Rzeczywisty)

21 sierpnia 2026

Ostatnia przesłana aktualizacja, która spełniała kryteria kontroli jakości

19 sierpnia 2026

Ostatnia weryfikacja

1 sierpnia 2026

Więcej informacji

Terminy związane z tym badaniem

Inne numery identyfikacyjne badania

  • INU-2026-10953
  • 2026/10953 (Inny identyfikator: Inonu University Scientific Research Ethics Committee for Health Sciences)

Plan dla danych uczestnika indywidualnego (IPD)

Planujesz udostępniać dane poszczególnych uczestników (IPD)?

NIE

Informacje o lekach i urządzeniach, dokumenty badawcze

Bada produkt leczniczy regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

Bada produkt urządzenia regulowany przez amerykańską FDA

Nie

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