Web-Based Gamified Simulation for Teaching Ventrogluteal Injection to First-Year Nursing Students

After receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will use a web-based gamified simulation for ventrogluteal injection training. Students will receive standardized instructions on accessing and using the application. They will first complete the learning mode, which provides step-by-step hints and rationales without scoring, followed by the self-test mode without hints. Interactive tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making decisions about procedural steps. A correct response is required before proceeding to the next step. A final performance report will provide individual learning feedback.

A web-based gamified simulation designed to teach ventrogluteal injection through 33 procedural steps. Following standardized instructions on application use, students will complete the learning mode with hints and rationales and then the self-test mode without hints. Tasks include selecting equipment, moving materials onto a tray, and making procedural decisions. Students must provide a correct response before advancing. The self-test mode generates a performance report for individual learning feedback. Application scores will not be used as research outcome measures.

After receiving the common theoretical and laboratory training, students in this arm will continue ventrogluteal injection training using traditional teaching methods. They will not use the web-based gamified simulation during the study.

Traditional instruction in ventrogluteal injection, including theoretical teaching and instructor-led laboratory demonstration using injection training models. Students assigned to the control arm will continue training using traditional teaching methods following the common initial theoretical and laboratory training.

Knowledge will be assessed using the researcher-developed Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Test, which consists of 20 multiple-choice questions. Each correct answer receives 1 point, and each incorrect answer receives 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater knowledge of ventrogluteal injection. Scores will be compared between the intervention and control groups, accounting for baseline scores.

Skill performance will be assessed through an Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) using a 24-item Ventrogluteal Injection Skill Checklist. Each item is scored as 0 (incorrectly performed or not performed), 1 (partially correctly performed), or 2 (correctly performed). Total scores range from 0 to 48, with higher scores indicating better skill performance. Two independent observers blinded to group allocation will assess performance simultaneously and score independently. Scores will be compared between groups, accounting for baseline scores.

Satisfaction with learning will be assessed using the five-item Student Satisfaction subscale of the Turkish version of the Student Satisfaction and Self-Confidence in Learning Scale. Each item is rated from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). Total subscale scores range from 5 to 25, with higher scores indicating greater satisfaction with the learning experience. Baseline assessment will refer to the common initial training, while post-intervention assessment will refer to the training received in the assigned group.

Knowledge retention will be assessed by readministering the 20-item Ventrogluteal Injection Knowledge Test eight weeks after the intervention. Each correct answer receives 1 point, and each incorrect answer receives 0 points. Total scores range from 0 to 20, with higher scores indicating greater retained knowledge. Eight-week scores will be compared between groups and examined alongside baseline and one-week post-intervention scores.