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Study Comparing Limited and Extensive Neck Surgery in Oral Cancer Patients With Neck Spread (ExtentN1)

1 de agosto de 2026 atualizado por: Maroti Wadewale, Kolhapur Cancer Centre - Cancer Centers of America

Extent of Neck Treatment in Clinically N1 Oral Cancer: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC) frequently metastasizes to cervical lymph nodes, and the extent of neck dissection remains an area of ongoing debate in patients with clinically node-positive (cN1) disease. While modified neck dissection (MND, levels I-V) is widely practiced, selective neck dissection (SND, levels I-IV) may provide equivalent oncologic outcomes with reduced surgical morbidity. However, high-quality randomized evidence comparing these approaches is lacking.

The ExteNT N1 Trial is a prospective, randomized, open-label, parallel-group clinical trial designed to compare selective neck dissection (levels I-IV) with modified neck dissection (levels I-V, preserving the spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein, and sternocleidomastoid muscle) in patients with resectable cN1 oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. Eligible participants will be randomized in a 1:1 ratio to either treatment arm.

The primary endpoint is 3-year regional recurrence-free survival (RRFS), along with postoperative quality of life measured using the Neck Dissection Impairment Index (NDII). Secondary endpoints include overall survival, disease-free survival, level-wise nodal involvement, nodal yield, shoulder function (Constant-Murley Score, SPADI, and Arm Abduction Score), postoperative complications including chyle leak, and other surgical morbidities.

This trial aims to generate level I evidence regarding the optimal extent of neck dissection for cN1 OCSCC, balancing oncologic safety with preservation of postoperative function and quality of life.

Visão geral do estudo

Status

Recrutamento

Condições

Intervenção / Tratamento

Descrição detalhada

Cervical lymph node metastasis is the most important prognostic factor in oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OCSCC). Surgical management of the neck is an integral component of treatment; however, the optimal extent of neck dissection for patients with clinically node-positive (cN1) disease remains uncertain. Although modified neck dissection (levels I-V with preservation of non-lymphatic structures) has traditionally been recommended for node-positive disease, several retrospective studies have suggested that carefully selected patients with limited nodal disease may achieve comparable regional control with a less extensive selective neck dissection. Nevertheless, these studies are subject to selection bias, and no adequately powered randomized controlled trial has directly compared these surgical approaches.

Dissection of lower cervical nodal levels may increase operative time and postoperative morbidity, including shoulder dysfunction, sensory deficits, chyle leak, and impairment in quality of life. Reducing the extent of neck dissection without compromising oncologic outcomes could improve postoperative functional recovery and patient-reported outcomes while maintaining regional disease control.

The ExteNT N1 Trial is designed to address this evidence gap by comparing selective neck dissection (levels I-IV) with modified neck dissection (levels I-V) in patients with resectable cN1 OCSCC. In addition to evaluating oncologic outcomes, the study incorporates validated functional and quality-of-life assessments to comprehensively evaluate the impact of the two surgical strategies. Participants will receive standard treatment for the primary tumor, and adjuvant therapy will be administered according to final histopathological findings and contemporary treatment guidelines.

The findings of this trial are expected to provide high-level evidence to guide the surgical management of the clinically N1 neck in OCSCC. If selective neck dissection demonstrates equivalent oncologic outcomes with lower morbidity, it may support a change in surgical practice by reducing unnecessary treatment while preserving function and quality of life.

Tipo de estudo

Intervencional

Inscrição (Estimado)

80

Estágio

  • Não aplicável

Contactos e Locais

Esta seção fornece os detalhes de contato para aqueles que conduzem o estudo e informações sobre onde este estudo está sendo realizado.

Contato de estudo

Estude backup de contato

Locais de estudo

    • Maharashtra
      • Kolhāpur, Maharashtra, Índia, 416004
        • Recrutamento
        • Kolhapur Cancer Centre
        • Contato:
        • Contato:
        • Investigador principal:
          • Maroti B Wadewale, MDS, FHNO
        • Subinvestigador:
          • Parag Watve, MS, FHNS

Critérios de participação

Os pesquisadores procuram pessoas que se encaixem em uma determinada descrição, chamada de critérios de elegibilidade. Alguns exemplos desses critérios são a condição geral de saúde de uma pessoa ou tratamentos anteriores.

Critérios de elegibilidade

Idades elegíveis para estudo

  • Adulto
  • Adulto mais velho

Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis

Não

Descrição

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity will be included
  • Clinical stage T1-T4, N1, M0
  • cN1 neck on clinical examination and imaging (CT/MRI)
  • Single node which is FNAC proven without any other significant nodes.
  • Patients with ASA grade II and I.
  • Understands the protocol and able to give informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Recurrent cases
  • Multiple significant nodes
  • Nodes clinical/radiological with ENE
  • Single metastatic node at level III/IV/V
  • Single metastatic node with other suspicious nodes
  • Patients with a history of head and neck radiation therapy treatment
  • Previous history of any malignancy

Plano de estudo

Esta seção fornece detalhes do plano de estudo, incluindo como o estudo é projetado e o que o estudo está medindo.

Como o estudo é projetado?

Detalhes do projeto

  • Finalidade Principal: Tratamento
  • Alocação: Randomizado
  • Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
  • Mascaramento: Nenhum (rótulo aberto)

Armas e Intervenções

Grupo de Participantes / Braço
Intervenção / Tratamento
Experimental: Arm 1- Selective neck dissection level I to level IV
Participants randomized to this arm will undergo surgical resection of the primary oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma along with ipsilateral selective neck dissection involving cervical lymph node levels I-IV. Contralateral neck management, reconstruction, and adjuvant therapy will be performed according to standard institutional protocols and final histopathological findings.
Selective neck dissection will include removal of cervical lymph node levels Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, III, and IV on the ipsilateral side while preserving uninvolved non-lymphatic structures. The primary oral cavity tumor will be resected according to oncologic principles with reconstruction as required. Contralateral neck management and adjuvant therapy will be provided according to institutional protocols and final histopathological findings.
Comparador Ativo: Arm 2- Modified Neck Dissection (Levels I-V)
Participants randomized to this arm will undergo surgical resection of the primary oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma along with ipsilateral modified neck dissection involving cervical lymph node levels I-V while preserving the spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein, and sternocleidomastoid muscle whenever oncologically appropriate. Contralateral neck management, reconstruction, and adjuvant therapy will be performed according to standard institutional protocols and final histopathological findings.
Modified neck dissection will include removal of cervical lymph node levels Ia, Ib, IIa, IIb, III, IV, and V on the ipsilateral side while preserving the spinal accessory nerve, internal jugular vein, and sternocleidomastoid muscle whenever oncologically appropriate. The primary oral cavity tumor will be resected according to oncologic principles with reconstruction as required. Contralateral neck management and adjuvant therapy will be provided according to institutional protocols and final histopathological findings.

O que o estudo está medindo?

Medidas de resultados primários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Regional Recurrence-Free Survival (RRFS)
Prazo: 3 years after surgery
Regional recurrence-free survival is defined as the time from the date of definitive surgery to the first documented regional recurrence in the cervical lymph nodes or death from any cause, whichever occurs first. Regional recurrence will be confirmed by clinical examination, imaging, and histopathological evaluation whenever feasible.
3 years after surgery

Medidas de resultados secundários

Medida de resultado
Descrição da medida
Prazo
Overall Survival (OS)
Prazo: Up to 3 years after surgery
Overall survival is defined as the time from definitive surgery until death from any cause.
Up to 3 years after surgery
Disease-Free Survival (DFS)
Prazo: Up to 3 years after surgery
Disease-free survival is defined as the time from definitive surgery to the first documented local, regional, or distant recurrence, or death from any cause.
Up to 3 years after surgery
Level-wise Cervical Lymph Node Metastasis
Prazo: At the time of surgery (histopathological examination)
Distribution of histopathologically confirmed metastatic lymph nodes according to cervical nodal level.
At the time of surgery (histopathological examination)
Nodal Yield
Prazo: At the time of surgery
Total number of lymph nodes retrieved during neck dissection and confirmed by histopathological examination.
At the time of surgery
Shoulder Function assesment
Prazo: Preoperatively; 1 month; 3 months; 6 months, 1 and 2 year
Shoulder function will be assessed using the Constant-Murley Score (0-100 points), with higher scores indicating better shoulder function.
Preoperatively; 1 month; 3 months; 6 months, 1 and 2 year
Postoperative Surgical Morbidity
Prazo: Within 30 days after surgery
Incidence of postoperative complications, including chyle leak, hematoma, wound infection, seroma, cranial nerve injury
Within 30 days after surgery
Shoulder function assesment with Shoulder pain and disability index
Prazo: Preoperatively; 1 week; 1 month; 3 months; 6 months; 1 year; and 2 years after surgery
Shoulder pain and disability will be assessed using theShoulder pain and disability index questionnaire. Scores range from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating greater pain and disability.
Preoperatively; 1 week; 1 month; 3 months; 6 months; 1 year; and 2 years after surgery

Colaboradores e Investigadores

É aqui que você encontrará pessoas e organizações envolvidas com este estudo.

Patrocinador

Publicações e links úteis

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Datas de registro do estudo

Essas datas acompanham o progresso do registro do estudo e os envios de resumo dos resultados para ClinicalTrials.gov. Os registros do estudo e os resultados relatados são revisados ​​pela National Library of Medicine (NLM) para garantir que atendam aos padrões específicos de controle de qualidade antes de serem publicados no site público.

Datas Principais do Estudo

Início do estudo (Real)

1 de agosto de 2026

Conclusão Primária (Estimado)

22 de abril de 2031

Conclusão do estudo (Estimado)

23 de abril de 2031

Datas de inscrição no estudo

Enviado pela primeira vez

11 de julho de 2026

Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ

16 de julho de 2026

Primeira postagem (Real)

21 de julho de 2026

Atualizações de registro de estudo

Última Atualização Postada (Real)

4 de agosto de 2026

Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade

1 de agosto de 2026

Última verificação

1 de agosto de 2026

Mais Informações

Termos relacionados a este estudo

Outros números de identificação do estudo

  • ExteNTN1

Plano para dados de participantes individuais (IPD)

Planeja compartilhar dados de participantes individuais (IPD)?

NÃO

Descrição do plano IPD

No individual participant data (IPD) will be shared with other researchers. The study investigators do not have a plan to make de-identified participant-level data publicly available.

Informações sobre medicamentos e dispositivos, documentos de estudo

Estuda um medicamento regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

Estuda um produto de dispositivo regulamentado pela FDA dos EUA

Não

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