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SIYA-PT: An Internet-based CBT Intervention to Enhance Low Self-esteem Among Portuguese Emerging Adults

6 november 2026 uppdaterad av: Ivanilda B. Costa, Lusofona University

SIYA-PT: An Internet-based CBT Intervention to Enhance Low Self-esteem

This study investigates whether an eHealth cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) intervention for low self-esteem, SIYA-PT, is acceptable and feasible for an ethnically diverse population of emerging adults in Portugal.

Studieöversikt

Status

Har inte rekryterat ännu

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljerad beskrivning

Low self-esteem (LSE) is a negative cognitive representation of the self, based on personal experience, and it influences how information is processed.

LSE has been linked to worse psychological adjustment, and research has found that CBT-based interventions using Fennell's cognitive model of low self-esteem were able to improve participants' self-esteem.

SIYA-PT is a cultural adaptation of SIYA, a guided internet-based CBT intervention developed for Swedish adolescents, and it is based on Cognitive Model of Low Self-Esteem, Self-Determination Theory, and Self-Compassion Theory. SIYA-PT has 7 modules that will be presented to participants, one module per week.

The investigators aim to evaluate whether a culturally adapted iCBT intervention is accepted by Portuguese emerging adults - people aged 18 to 29 years old - and whether it is feasible in enhancing self-esteem and improving anxiety and depressive symptoms and quality of life.

This study is a pilot-randomised controlled trial. The study will have an intervention group (IG) that will receive the intervention (SIYA-PT) immediately after randomisation, and a waitlist control group (WCG) that will receive the intervention after follow-up, 3 months after IG finishes their intervention.

The investigators aim to recruit at least 58 participants with LSE, considering a 31% dropout.

The main outcomes of the study are self-esteem, quality of life and anxiety and depressive symptoms and the secondary outcomes are self-compassion and assertiveness.

Studietyp

Interventionell

Inskrivning (Beräknad)

58

Fas

  • Inte tillämpbar

Kontakter och platser

Det här avsnittet innehåller kontaktuppgifter för dem som genomför studien och information om var denna studie genomförs.

Studiekontakt

Studieorter

Deltagandekriterier

Forskare letar efter personer som passar en viss beskrivning, så kallade behörighetskriterier. Några exempel på dessa kriterier är en persons allmänna hälsotillstånd eller tidigare behandlingar.

Urvalskriterier

Åldrar som är berättigade till studier

18 år till 29 år (Vuxen)

Tar emot friska volontärer

Nej

Kön som är behöriga för studier

Allt

Beskrivning

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Scores of ≤15 on the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale and <120 on the Robson Self-concept Questionnaire indicating low self-esteem;
  • Scores of ≤ 50 on the WHOQOL-BREF indicating low quality of life
  • Age between 18 and 29 years old
  • Fluency in written and spoken Portuguese
  • Daily access to a device with an internet connection
  • Not receiving any psychological intervention
  • If on psychopharmacological treatment, must be in treatment for at least three months and the dosage must be stable for at least one month
  • Residence in Portugal

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Severe psychiatric disorders such as Depressive Disorder or Suicidal ideation, which will be self-reported on the Sociodemographic Questionnaire and assessed through a Structured Interview developed by the research team
  • Alcohol Use Disorder, which will be assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test
  • Personal relationship with PHD student (e.g., former patients or students, friends, family members)

Studieplan

Det här avsnittet ger detaljer om studieplanen, inklusive hur studien är utformad och vad studien mäter.

Hur är studien utformad?

Designdetaljer

  • Primärt syfte: Behandling
  • Tilldelning: Randomiserad
  • Interventionsmodell: Parallellt uppdrag
  • Maskning: Ingen (Open Label)

Vapen och interventioner

Deltagargrupp / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Experimentell: Intervention Group (IG)

IG will have access to the intervention (SIYA-PT). The participants will have an individual login to use the platform, and have access to the modules and the measures that need to be filled out throughout the study.

SIYA-PT has seven modules:

Module 1 - Introduction Module 2 - Achievements and self-esteem Module 3 - Relationships and self-esteem Module 4 - Independence and self-esteem Module 5 - Dealing with adversities Module 6 - Self-acceptance Module 7 - Termination and continuation

Övrig: Waitlist Control Group (WCG)

WCG will not receive the intervention while IG goes through SIYA-PT. The participants will have an individual login to access the platform to answer the self-reported measures weekly to monitor their well-being. The participants will also have access to messaging to be able to contact the clinical psychologist on the platform if there is increase in their, e.g., anxiety and depressive symptoms. After the end of IG intervention and the follow-up , three months, WCG will receive the same SIYA-PT intervention.

SIYA-PT has seven modules:

Module 1 - Introduction Module 2 - Achievements and self-esteem Module 3 - Relationships and self-esteem Module 4 - Independence and self-esteem Module 5 - Dealing with adversities Module 6 - Self-acceptance Module 7 - Termination and continuation

Vad mäter studien?

Primära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
The Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale (RSE)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A 10-item self-report measure to assess global self-esteem. The RSE (Rosenberg, 1965; Pechorro et al., 2011) uses a 4-point Likert scale to rate agreement with the statements, from 0 (Strongly disagree) to 3 (Strongly agree). Scores vary from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating higher levels of global self-esteem.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up
Robson Self-Concept Questionnaire (RSCQ)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A 30-item self-report measure to assess global self-esteem. The RSCQ (Robson, 1989) uses a 7-point Likert scale to rate agreement with each statement, from 0 (Completely disagree) to 7 (Completely agree). Scores vary from 0 to 210, with higher scores indicating higher levels of global self-esteem.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up
Generalised Anxiety Disorder 7-item Scale (GAD-7)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A seven-item self-report measure to assess generalised anxiety disorder according to DSM-IV criteria. GAD-7 (Spitzer et al., 2006; Sousa et al., 2015) uses a 4-point Likert scale to rate how often one has experienced the described situation, from 0 (Never) to 3 (Almost every day). Scores vary from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating higher levels of anxiety.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up
Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A nine-item self-report measure to assess depressive symptoms according to DSM-IV criteria. PHQ-9 (Kroenke et al., 2001; Lamela et al., 2020) uses a 4-point Likert scale to rate how often one has experienced the described situation, from 0 (Never) to 3 (Almost every day). Scores vary from 0 to 27, with higher scores indicating higher levels of depressive symptoms.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up
WHOQOL-BREF
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A 26-item self-report measure with four domains (physical health, psychological health, social relationships and environment) to assess perceived quality of life. WHOQOL-BREF (The WHOQOL Group, 1998; Vaz Serra et al., 2006) uses a 5-point Likert scale, from 1 ("Very Poor", "Not at all" or "Very dissatisfied") to 5 ("Very good", "Completely", "Always" or "Very satisfied") to ask how one feels about their quality of life, health, or other areas of their life. Scores vary from 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating higher perceived quality of life.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

Sekundära resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Self-Compassion Scale (SCS)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A 26-item self-report measure with six subscales (Self-Kindness, self-judgment, common humanity, isolation, mindfulness, and over-identification) that assesses how one typically responds in difficult times in terms of self-compassion. SCS (Neff, 2003; Castilho & Pinto-Gouveia, 2015) uses a 5-point Likert scale to rate how often one does each behaviour described in each item, from 1 (Almost never) to 5 (Almost always). Higher scores indicate higher levels of self-compassion.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up
The Rathus Assertiveness Schedule (RAS)
Tidsram: Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

A 30-item self-report measure to assess assertive behaviour. RAS (Rathus, 1973; Detry & Castro, 1990) uses a 6-point Likert scale to rate how well each item describes the person, from 5 (Very much like me) to 0 (Very much unlike me). Scores vary from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating higher assertiveness.

Pre-intervention (baseline), post-intervention (up to 8 weeks), and at the three-month follow-up

Andra resultatmått

Resultatmått
Åtgärdsbeskrivning
Tidsram
Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT)
Tidsram: pre-intervention (baseline)

A 10-item self-report measure to screen for three areas (alcohol consumption, dependence symptoms and alcohol-related problems) of alcohol-use-related problems using a 5-point Likert scale. AUDIT (WHO, 1989) scores vary from 0 to 40, from 0 to 4, with higher scores indicating higher levels of alcohol-use-related problems.

pre-intervention (baseline)
Structure interview
Tidsram: pre-intervention (baseline)

An interview guide with 14 questions developed by the research team based on questions from Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (Sheehan et al., 1998)'s subscale for Suicide Ideation and DSM-5-TR criteria for Major Depressive Disorder with a dichotomous answer - No or Yes.

pre-intervention (baseline)

Samarbetspartners och utredare

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Sponsor

Samarbetspartners

Publikationer och användbara länkar

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Allmänna publikationer

Studieavstämningsdatum

Dessa datum spårar framstegen för inlämningar av studieposter och sammanfattande resultat till ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieposter och rapporterade resultat granskas av National Library of Medicine (NLM) för att säkerställa att de uppfyller specifika kvalitetskontrollstandarder innan de publiceras på den offentliga webbplatsen.

Studera stora datum

Studiestart (Beräknad)

1 januari 2027

Primärt slutförande (Beräknad)

30 november 2027

Avslutad studie (Beräknad)

30 november 2027

Studieregistreringsdatum

Först inskickad

3 november 2026

Först inskickad som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

6 november 2026

Första postat (Faktisk)

13 november 2026

Uppdateringar av studier

Senaste uppdatering publicerad (Faktisk)

13 november 2026

Senaste inskickade uppdateringen som uppfyllde QC-kriterierna

6 november 2026

Senast verifierad

1 november 2026

Mer information

Termer relaterade till denna studie

Andra studie-ID-nummer

  • 2024.00914.BD
  • 2024.00914.BD (Annat bidrag/finansieringsnummer: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia)
  • https://doi.org/10.54499/2024. (Annan identifierare: Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia)

Plan för individuella deltagardata (IPD)

Planerar du att dela individuella deltagardata (IPD)?

NEJ

IPD-planbeskrivning

Study participants have not given consent for their individual data to be shared with other researchers.

Läkemedels- och apparatinformation, studiedokument

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad läkemedelsprodukt

Nej

Studerar en amerikansk FDA-reglerad produktprodukt

Nej

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