Combining Motor Imagery With Action Observation Does Not Lead to a Greater Autonomic Response Than Motor Imagery Alone During Simple and Functional Movements: a Randomized Controlled Trial.
研究概览
详细说明
Motor Imagery (MI) is defined as a dynamic mental process that involves the representation of an action, in an internal way, without its actual motor execution. The Action Observation (AO) evokes an internal, real-time motor simulation of the movements that the observer is perceiving visually. Both mental processes trigger the activation of the neurocognitive mechanisms that underlie the planning and execution of voluntary movements in a manner that resembles how the action is performed in a real manner.
Both observation and imagination share a great number of common mental processes based primarily on sensory perception, and the information stored by memory systems. The activation of the motor command during a mental practice does not induce an active movement probably due to an inhibitory mechanism in the primary motor cortex on the descending corticospinal tract pathways. However, this inhibition is not complete, for it is well known that the training of mental practice involves a component of the autonomic nervous system (ANS).
It has been shown that both MI and AO lead to changes in the ANS that cause excitatory sympathetic responses, although the neurophysiological bases remain uncertain and are still based on hypotheses. The functional relations between both neurocognitive processes and the sympathetic-excitatory nervous system (SNS) could be based on a preparation phase in which, the activation of the SNS, happens to a near effort and, therefore, to a close energy expenditure in physiological processes (i.e., cardiorespiratory adaptationse) which will take place in order to face said metabolic changes produced by the voluntary movement itself. In addition, several hypotheses have been described regarding the notion that the SNS not only has the quantitative objective of providing energy to the muscle effectors, but that it also qualitatively and specifically designs and adapts the parameters on demand in an attempt to save the energy provided for each precise motor execution.
Taking into account that both MI and AO cause sympathetic-excitatory changes that induce an increase in heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate, electrodermal activity , our hypothesis is that the combination of MI and AO induces an autonomic sympathetic-excitatory shift greater than MI does in isolation. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to compare the results obtained from intervention groups on the subject of the activation of the SNS in a program that combined MI with AO, in contrast to an isolated MI program on the one hand in asymptomatic subjects and in the other hand in patients with chronic low back pain.. The secondary objective of the present study was to explore whether there is any relationship between the sympathetic-excitatory response and the ability to generate motor imagery, the mental chronometry, and the level of physical activity.
研究类型
注册 (实际的)
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
学习地点
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Madrid、西班牙、28023
- CSEU La Salle
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参与标准
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
接受健康志愿者
有资格学习的性别
描述
Inclusion Criteria asymptomatic subjects:
- Age between 18 and 60
- Healthy and with no pain subjects
Inclusion Criteria patients with chronic low back pain:
- Low back pain for at least the prior 3 months
- Low back pain of nonspecific nature
- Age between 18 and 60
- Low back pain for at least 10 days per month
- Intensity of pain of between 3 and 10 on the Visual Analogue Scale
Exclusion Criteria asymptomatic subjects:
- Any cognitive impairment that hindered viewing of audiovisual material.
- Difficulty understanding or communicating.
- Presence of systemic pathology, Central Nervous System or rheumatic disease.
- Inadequate understanding of the Spanish language to follow instructions for measuring and treatment.
- Collaboration of pregnant women.
- Underage subjects
- Subjects with pain at the time of the study.
Exclusion Criteria patients with chronic low back pain:
- Any cognitive impairment that hindered viewing of audiovisual material.
- Difficulty understanding or communicating.
- Presence of systemic pathology, Central Nervous System or rheumatic disease.
- Inadequate understanding of the Spanish language to follow instructions for measuring and treatment.
- Collaboration of pregnant women.
- Underage subjects
- Having undergone back surgery
- Specific spinal pathology
- Recent trauma
学习计划
研究是如何设计的?
设计细节
- 主要用途:基础科学
- 分配:随机化
- 介入模型:并行分配
- 屏蔽:无(打开标签)
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
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实验性的:Experimental 1
Motor Imagery
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Two consecutive 30 seconds imagery tasks were performed, both based on two movements that are recorded in the Revised Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ-R).
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实验性的:Experimental 2
Action Observation
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Two consecutive 30 seconds imagery tasks were performed, both based on two movements that are recorded in the Revised Movement Imagery Questionnaire (MIQ-R).
Before the subjects performed the mental MI practice, they were presented with a 30 seconds video that displayed the task that they ought to imagine later.
A video was played prior to the first practice of imagination and after the second mental practice, a second video was shown.
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无干预:控制组
无干预
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研究衡量的是什么?
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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Electrodermal Activity
大体时间:Change in electrodermal activity after 5 minutes post-intervention
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Electrodermal Activity will be measured through the use of two electrodes that recorded changes in conductance through the skin located at the back of the dominant hand
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Change in electrodermal activity after 5 minutes post-intervention
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Respiration Rate
大体时间:Change in respiration rate after 5 minutes post-intervention
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Respiration Rate will be measured through a pressure transducer located in the centre of the chest, where it was fixed by a strap
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Change in respiration rate after 5 minutes post-intervention
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Heart Rate
大体时间:Change in heart rate after 5 minutes post-intervention
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Heart Rate will be measured by three electrodes located in the left area of the chest.
One of the electrodes was placed in the middle zone while a second electrode was positioned on the lateral side, and a third one on the lower left side, below the first electrode.
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Change in heart rate after 5 minutes post-intervention
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次要结果测量
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
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视觉和动觉运动想象能力
大体时间:预干预
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视觉和动觉运动想象能力将使用 MIQ-R 问卷进行测量。
MIQ-R 有 4 个动作在两个分量表中重复,视觉分量表和动觉分量表。
此外,还分配了 1 到 7 之间的分数,其中 1 表示难以描绘运动图像或难以感觉到先前进行的运动,而 7 表示最轻松。
对 MIQ-R 进行了修改。
项目 2 和 5 进行了小跳,改为踮起脚尖。
MIQ-R 的内部一致性始终足够,总量表的 Cronbach α 系数在 0.84 以上,视觉分量表为 0.80,动觉分量表为 0.84。
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预干预
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心理计时法
大体时间:预干预
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心理计时法评估也用于测量受试者的运动想象能力。
使用秒表记录执行每个 MIQ-R 任务所花费的时间。
记录的时间对应于评估者给出的开始任务的命令与主题给出的任务结束的口头响应之间的间隔。
心理测时法是一项可靠的行为任务,以前曾用于收集 MI 能力的客观测量
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预干预
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体力活动程度
大体时间:预干预
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体力活动程度通过国际体力活动问卷问卷客观化,让受试者根据活动水平分为高、中、低或不活动三组
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预干预
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合作者和调查者
研究记录日期
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
初级完成 (实际的)
研究完成 (实际的)
研究注册日期
首次提交
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
首次发布 (实际的)
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
最后验证
更多信息
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