Safety, Tolerability and Pharmacokinetic Study of Biota-CS-8958

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy male and female subjects between 18 and 55 years of age. Male subjects should use appropriate contraception (e.g. condoms) during the time interval between dosing until 3 months after dosing. Female subjects should be of non-child bearing potential. Female subjects 50 years of age or less must be surgically sterile or post-menopausal (defined as at least two years post cessation of menses and/or follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) >18 mIU/mL and serum oestradiol <110 pmol/L), non-lactating and have a negative serum pregnancy test. Female subjects of more than 51 years of age must be surgically sterile or post menopausal (defined by a value of FSH >18 mIU/mL and no spontaneous menstruation for at least one year before investigational product administration), non-lactating and have a negative serum pregnancy test.
• Vital signs within normal limits: systolic BP between 90 and 150 mmHg, diastolic BP between 40 and 90 mmHg, pulse rate between 35 and 100 bpm (confirmed as sinus rhythm if between 35 and 40 bpm), oral temperature between 35.5°C and 37.7°C and oxygen saturation of at least 98%.
• Normal physical examination and laboratory findings. Grade 1 laboratory abnormalities for non-essential tests and clinical findings considered not clinically significant or a variant of normal may be acceptable following discussion between the Investigator and the Sponsor.
• No abnormality in the ECG; specifically QTc <450 ms and PR 120-200 ms.
• None of the following abnormal laboratory findings:
• AST >51 IU/L (males) or >46 IU/L (females) [based on 1.25 x ULN]
• ALT >61 IU/L (males) or >48 IU/L (females) [based on 1.25 x ULN]
• Serum creatinine >104 micro mol/L (males) or >84 micro mol/L (females)
• Glucose <3.8 or >5.5 mmol/L
• Potassium <3.9 or >5.3 mmol/L (males) or <3.8 or >5.4 mmol/L (females)
• Haemoglobin <13.5 or >18.0 g/dL (males) or <11.5 or >16 g/dL (females)
• Platelets <152 or >338 x 10^9/L (males) or <150 or >400 x 10^9/L (females)
• WBC <3.6 or >10.0 x 10^9/L (males) or <4.0 or >11.0 x 10^9/L (females)
• Neutrophils <1.80 x 10^9/L (males) or <2.00 x 10^9/L (females)
• No disease that the Investigator regards as clinically relevant.
• Negative results in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) antibody, Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and Hepatitis C antibody tests.
• Individuals who have been registered with a general practitioner within the United Kingdom for at least 3 months before enrollment and whose general practitioners have replied to a medical history questionnaire.
• Individuals who have freely given Informed Consent in writing.
• Able to perform respiratory testing.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Subjects who have taken any prescription medication (with the exception of hormone replacement therapy (HRT)) within 14 days or any non-prescription (with the exception of vitamin/mineral supplements) within the last 7 days prior to the administration of the investigational product (Day 1).
• Intake of any investigational drug within 4 months (new chemical entity) or 3 months (marketed compounds) prior to the intake of investigational product (Day 1).
• History of allergy or serious adverse reaction to the excipient or neuraminidase inhibitor.
• A history or clinical evidence of significant cerebrovascular, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, or haematological disease, or myocardial infarction, or a previous history of any other serious underlying disease (including immunocompromised subjects and/or neutropenic subjects) that, in the opinion of the Investigator would interfere with the conduct of the study.
• A history or clinical evidence of significant respiratory disease (including asthma, hyper-reactive lung disease, COPD, cystic fibrosis and/or recurrent lower respiratory tract infection) and/or upper respiratory tract infection within the last month or lower respiratory tract infection within the last three months.
• A history or clinical evidence of renal disease (including renovascular occlusive disease), nephrectomy and/or renal transplant, and/or previous clinically significant laboratory abnormalities of renal function parameters. All subjects with serum creatinine outside the normal laboratory reference range at screening and before randomization that are regarded by the Investigator as clinically significant.
• A history or clinical evidence of hepatic disease and/or previous clinically significant laboratory abnormalities of liver function parameters. All subjects with alanine transaminase (ALT) and/or aspartate transaminase (AST) outside the normal laboratory reference range at screening and before randomization, that are regarded by the Investigator as clinically significant. Subjects known to have experienced elevated liver enzyme values in previous clinical studies will also be excluded.
• Psychiatric or emotional problems that would limit the ability of the subject to comply with study requirements.
• Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.5 kg/m squared or >30.0 kg/m squared.
• FEV1 less than or equal to 85%, FEV (1.0%) less than or equal to 70%, and/or FVC less than or equal to 80% of the predicted value, as calculated from standard age and height formula.
• History of alcohol and/or drug abuse (verified by drug screening).
• Receipt of blood or blood products or loss of 450 mL or more of blood during the last three months before screening.
• Unwillingness or inability to provide Informed Consent or to participate satisfactorily for the entire study period.
• Subjects who smoke or have been non-smokers for less than 3 months prior to Screening.
• Subjects who were previously enrolled in this study.
• Subjects who in the opinion of the investigating physician are unable to use the inhaler device after training.
• Poor veins, or fear of venipuncture or sight of blood.