Appropriate Complmentary Feeding Strategies in Infants (CFS)

August 8, 2011 updated by: Aga Khan University

Appropriate Complementary Feeding Strategies in Infants: An Evaluation of Various Strategies to Assess the Growth and Health of the Infants.

The purpose of this study has been to understand the prevalence of under nutrition and develop effective interventions for improving growth and micronutrient status of infants receiving complementary foods.

In this community based randomized clinical trial, the nutrition education package implemented aimed to improve hematological parameters including the micronutrient status and to see effect on growth indicators.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

Transition from exclusive breast feeding to complementary feeding poses many challenges as the demand for nutrients necessary for optimum growth and development increases steadily. Malnutrition and micronutrient malnutrition can be inter-generational and affect pregnant mothers and consequently the baby may be born with deficient micronutrient stores, especially those of iron. This deficiency can be further exacerbated by sub-optimal practices of breast feeding. Globally, iron deficiency is the most common cause of anemia estimated to affect nearly 2 billion people especially preschool children. In Pakistan, 56 % of children under the age of five years are estimated to have iron deficiency anemia and 13 % are also severely malnourished. These deficiencies affect not only physical growth but also mental development with significant impact on immunity and increased burden of infections. It is uncertain what the most appropriate intervention strategy is and a wide range of options are mentioned including dietary diversification through nutrition education, provision of fortified foods, iron supplementation and home-based fortification of complementary foods with micronutrient powders such as Sprinkles.

In an effort to understand the prevalence of under nutrition and develop effective interventions for improving growth and micronutrient status of infants receiving complementary foods, I undertook a prospective community-based randomized controlled efficacy trial in a representative urban population of Karachi. Infants and mothers were identified after birth and enrolled in the study to receive one of the interventions through community health workers at the age of six months. The enrolled infants were placed in three groups - defined as Nutr Education (Nutr Edu), Oral iron supplementation (OIS) and Multiple micronutrient fortification (MMF). Nutrition education component was common to all the groups. Through nutritional education sessions held in the community, dietary diversification along with continuation of breast feeding was stressed to enhance the intake of diet, rich in iron, and other micronutrients. A cohort of 451 infants (177 in group Nutr Edu, 141 in group OIS and 133 in MMF) were followed for three months (till the end of treatments) for growth, micronutrient status, and morbidity rate and thereafter followed for another three months to evaluate anthropometric parameters.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
470

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Sindh
      • Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, 74800
        • Bilal Colony Centre

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

6 months to 8 months (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • All children between the age of 6 months to 8 months.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Children who are sick to an extent that cannot take anythign oral were excluded from this study.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Nutrition Education plus Multiple Micronutrient Fortification
In this group along with the nutritional education, multiple micronutrient fortification was given in the form of Sprinkles
Dietary supplement: Multiple micronutrient fortification plus Nutrition Education
Active Comparator: OIS plus Nutritional Eductaion
In this group, along with the nutritional education, Oral Iron Supplementation was given.
Dietary supplement: Oral Iron Supplementation along with Nturition Eductaion
Active Comparator: Nutrition Education Group
This is group was followed for the growth of the child and was given Nutritional Education to children's mothers.
Behavioral: Nutritionl Education
to assess the change in behaviour

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Anemia
Time Frame: 12 months
To assess the impact of supplementation and multiple micronutrient fortification in comparison to nutritional education strategy to assess the biochecmical and growth indicators
12 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Compliance to intake of study medicines
Time Frame: 12 months
Compliance was checked to ensure that subjects are taking study medicines properly.
12 months
Morbidity Assessment
Time Frame: 12 months
Subjects were assessed on fortnighty basis to see any change in the morbidity.
12 months
Developmental Assessment
Time Frame: 12 months
Subjects were assessed on monthly developmental milestones among the three groups.
12 months

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Aga Khan University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
The Hospital for Sick Children
European Union

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Aziz AJ Abdul Rehman Jiwani, MBBS, PhD, The Aga Khan University
  • Study Chair: Zulfiqar ZB Bhuta, MBBS, MCPS (Peds), FCPS (Peds), The Aga Khan University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
October 1, 2005

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 1, 2008

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
June 1, 2008

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
August 3, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 8, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
August 9, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
August 9, 2011

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
August 8, 2011

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2008

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 480/Peds-ERC-05

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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